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Linux Analysis Report
zone.mips.elf

Overview

General Information

Sample name:	zone.mips.elf
Analysis ID:	1546542
MD5:	5b0f6b33fc2e7ca43a28f3180315b33d
SHA1:	035ef3311509f9a66adbc37709025190dd4e3a60
SHA256:	b82702ae2e2795657074db4caf23bc099be0edfb1a6db3531e3721820d4f297c
Tags:	elfuser-abuse_ch
Infos:

Detection

Score:	22
Range:	0 - 100
Whitelisted:	false

Signatures

Sample is packed with UPX

ELF contains segments with high entropy indicating compressed/encrypted content

Executes the "rm" command used to delete files or directories

Sample contains only a LOAD segment without any section mappings

Uses the "uname" system call to query kernel version information (possible evasion)

Classification

General Information

Joe Sandbox version:	41.0.0 Charoite
Analysis ID:	1546542
Start date and time:	2024-11-01 05:07:12 +01:00
Joe Sandbox product:	CloudBasic
Overall analysis duration:	0h 4m 28s
Hypervisor based Inspection enabled:	false
Report type:	full
Cookbook file name:	defaultlinuxfilecookbook.jbs
Analysis system description:	Ubuntu Linux 20.04 x64 (Kernel 5.4.0-72, Firefox 91.0, Evince Document Viewer 3.36.10, LibreOffice 6.4.7.2, OpenJDK 11.0.11)
Analysis Mode:	default
Sample name:	zone.mips.elf
Detection:	SUS
Classification:	sus22.evad.linELF@0/0@0/0

Runtime Messages

Command:	/tmp/zone.mips.elf
PID:	5423
Exit Code:	2
Exit Code Info:
Killed:	False
Standard Output:
Standard Error:	fatal error: sigaction failed runtime stack: runtime.throw({0x64ab8b, 0x10}) runtime/panic.go:1077 +0x54 fp=0x7fffece4 sp=0x7fffecd0 pc=0x5b414 runtime.sysSigaction.func1() runtime/os_linux.go:560 +0x4c fp=0x7fffecf0 sp=0x7fffece4 pc=0x97f4c runtime.sysSigaction(0x41, 0x7fffed18, 0x0) runtime/os_linux.go:559 +0x7c fp=0x7fffed08 sp=0x7fffecf0 pc=0x57ab4 runtime.sigaction(...) runtime/sigaction.go:15 runtime.setsig(0x41, 0x7a1fc) runtime/os_linux.go:507 +0xbc fp=0x7fffed34 sp=0x7fffed08 pc=0x57980 runtime.initsig(0x0) runtime/signal_unix.go:148 +0x2c0 fp=0x7fffed70 sp=0x7fffed34 pc=0x79740 runtime.mstartm0() runtime/proc.go:1624 +0x70 fp=0x7fffed78 sp=0x7fffed70 pc=0x63374 runtime.mstart1() runtime/proc.go:1596 +0x94 fp=0x7fffed88 sp=0x7fffed78 pc=0x6326c runtime.mstart0() runtime/proc.go:1557 +0x7c fp=0x7fffed9c sp=0x7fffed88 pc=0x631b8 runtime.mstart() runtime/_KhkkpcNyfn.s:89 +0x14 fp=0x7fffeda0 sp=0x7fffed9c pc=0x9ffc0 goroutine 1 [runnable]: runtime.main() runtime/proc.go:144 fp=0x10287ec sp=0x10287ec pc=0x5f2ec runtime.goexit() runtime/_KhkkpcNyfn.s:641 +0x4 fp=0x10287ec sp=0x10287ec pc=0xa23f4

Process Tree

system is lnxubuntu20

zone.mips.elf (PID: 5423, Parent: 5347, MD5: 0083f1f0e77be34ad27f849842bbb00c) Arguments: /tmp/zone.mips.elf

dash New Fork (PID: 5466, Parent: 3584)

rm (PID: 5466, Parent: 3584, MD5: aa2b5496fdbfd88e38791ab81f90b95b) Arguments: rm -f /tmp/tmp.LHb7HZLpmh /tmp/tmp.4jVz2QAFoJ /tmp/tmp.sAy7vZw2mu

dash New Fork (PID: 5467, Parent: 3584)

rm (PID: 5467, Parent: 3584, MD5: aa2b5496fdbfd88e38791ab81f90b95b) Arguments: rm -f /tmp/tmp.LHb7HZLpmh /tmp/tmp.4jVz2QAFoJ /tmp/tmp.sAy7vZw2mu

cleanup

Yara Signatures

⊘No yara matches

Suricata Signatures

⊘No Suricata rule has matched

Joe Sandbox Signatures

Click to jump to signature section

Show All Signature Results

Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 185.125.190.26
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 34.254.182.186
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 34.254.182.186
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 185.125.190.26

Source: zone.mips.elf

String found in binary or memory: http://upx.sf.net

Source: unknown	Network traffic detected: HTTP traffic on port 443 -> 54632
Source: unknown	Network traffic detected: HTTP traffic on port 48202 -> 443
Source: unknown	Network traffic detected: HTTP traffic on port 54632 -> 443

Source: LOAD without section mappings

Program segment: 0x10000

Source: classification engine

Classification label: sus22.evad.linELF@0/0@0/0

Data Obfuscation

Sample is packed with UPX

Source: initial sample	String containing UPX found: $Info: This file is packed with the UPX executable packer http://upx.sf.net $
Source: initial sample	String containing UPX found: $Info: This file is packed with the UPX executable packer http://upx.sf.net $
Source: initial sample	String containing UPX found: $Id: UPX 4.24 Copyright (C) 1996-2024 the UPX Team. All Rights Reserved. $

Source: /usr/bin/dash (PID: 5466)	Rm executable: /usr/bin/rm -> rm -f /tmp/tmp.LHb7HZLpmh /tmp/tmp.4jVz2QAFoJ /tmp/tmp.sAy7vZw2mu			Jump to behavior
Source: /usr/bin/dash (PID: 5467)	Rm executable: /usr/bin/rm -> rm -f /tmp/tmp.LHb7HZLpmh /tmp/tmp.4jVz2QAFoJ /tmp/tmp.sAy7vZw2mu			Jump to behavior

Source: zone.mips.elf	Submission file: segment LOAD with 7.8877 entropy (max. 8.0)
Source: zone.mips.elf	Submission file: segment LOAD with 7.9999 entropy (max. 8.0)

Source: /tmp/zone.mips.elf (PID: 5423)

Queries kernel information via 'uname':

Jump to behavior

Source: zone.mips.elf, 5423.1.00007ffd485c8000.00007ffd485e9000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: X^'-x86_64/usr/bin/qemu-mips/tmp/zone.mips.elfSUDO_USER=saturninoPATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/snap/binDISPLAY=:1.0XAUTHORITY=/run/user/1000/gdm/XauthoritySUDO_UID=1000TERM=xterm-256colorCOLORTERM=truecolorLOGNAME=rootUSER=rootLANG=en_US.UTF-8SUDO_COMMAND=/bin/bashHOME=/rootMAIL=/var/mail/rootSUDO_GID=1000SHELL=/bin/bash/tmp/zone.mips.elf
Source: zone.mips.elf, 5423.1.000055573838e000.0000555738693000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: /etc/qemu-binfmt/mips
Source: zone.mips.elf, 5423.1.000055573838e000.0000555738693000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: 7:8WU 0:8WU!/etc/qemu-binfmt/mips
Source: zone.mips.elf, 5423.1.00007ffd485c8000.00007ffd485e9000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: /usr/bin/qemu-mips

Mitre Att&ck Matrix

Reconnaissance	Resource Development	Initial Access	Execution	Persistence	Privilege Escalation	Defense Evasion	Credential Access	Discovery	Lateral Movement	Collection	Command and Control	Exfiltration	Impact
Gather Victim Identity Information	Acquire Infrastructure	Valid Accounts	Windows Management Instrumentation	Path Interception	Path Interception	11 Obfuscated Files or Information	OS Credential Dumping	11 Security Software Discovery	Remote Services	Data from Local System	1 Encrypted Channel	Exfiltration Over Other Network Medium	Abuse Accessibility Features
Credentials	Domains	Default Accounts	Scheduled Task/Job	Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts	Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts	1 File Deletion	LSASS Memory	Application Window Discovery	Remote Desktop Protocol	Data from Removable Media	1 Application Layer Protocol	Exfiltration Over Bluetooth	Network Denial of Service

Malware Configuration

⊘No configs have been found

Behavior Graph

Hide Legend

Legend:

Process
Signature
Created File
DNS/IP Info
Is Dropped
Number of created Files
Is malicious
Internet

Screenshots

Thumbnails

This section contains all screenshots as thumbnails, including those not shown in the slideshow.

Antivirus, Machine Learning and Genetic Malware Detection

Initial Sample

Source	Detection	Scanner	Label	Link
zone.mips.elf	11%	ReversingLabs	Linux.PUA.Generic

Dropped Files

⊘No Antivirus matches

Domains

⊘No Antivirus matches

URLs

Source	Detection	Scanner	Label	Link
http://upx.sf.net	0%	URL Reputation	safe
http://upx.sf.net	0%	URL Reputation	safe

Domains and IPs

Contacted Domains

⊘No contacted domains info

URLs from Memory and Binaries

Name	Source	Malicious	Antivirus Detection	Reputation
http://upx.sf.net	zone.mips.elf	true	URL Reputation: safe URL Reputation: safe	unknown

World Map of Contacted IPs

No. of IPs < 25%
25% < No. of IPs < 50%
50% < No. of IPs < 75%
75% < No. of IPs

Public IPs

IP	Domain	Country	Flag	ASN	ASN Name	Malicious
185.125.190.26	unknown	United Kingdom		41231	CANONICAL-ASGB	false
34.254.182.186	unknown	United States		16509	AMAZON-02US	false

Joe Sandbox View / Context

IPs

Match	Associated Sample Name / URL	SHA 256	Detection	Threat Name	Link
185.125.190.26	shngijernbh.arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Gafgyt, Mirai	Browse
	boatnet.arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	boatnet.mpsl.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	boatnet.sh4.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	main_arm7.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	main_sh4.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	main_arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	sora.x86.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	la.bot.mipsel.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	belks.arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
34.254.182.186	main_mips.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	zersh4.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	bot.arm.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai, Okiru	Browse
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	m68k.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai, Okiru	Browse
	arm7.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	earm5.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	SecuriteInfo.com.ELF.Mirai-ALC.24541.15805.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse

Domains

⊘No context

ASNs

Match	Associated Sample Name / URL	SHA 256	Detection	Threat Name	Link	Context
AMAZON-02US	NF_Payment_Ref_FAN930276.exe	Get hash	malicious	FormBook	Browse	13.248.169.48
	.i.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	54.171.230.55
	shngijernbh.arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Gafgyt, Mirai	Browse	54.171.230.55
	linux_mips64el_softfloat.elf	Get hash	malicious	Chaos	Browse	54.171.230.55
	https://www.dropbox.com/l/scl/AAATBuomd5HmxEQWOFFl7juYr5pumA9OT78	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	34.249.87.52
	https://www.dropbox.com/l/scl/AAATBuomd5HmxEQWOFFl7juYr5pumA9OT78	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	143.204.95.12
	https://www.dropbox.com/l/scl/AAATBuomd5HmxEQWOFFl7juYr5pumA9OT78	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	143.204.95.12
	https://www.dropbox.com/scl/fi/ghbickob35cseupehrevo/A-file-has-been-sent-to-you-via-DROPBOX.pdf?oref=e&r=ACTqvRbsSp0aGfWJ258Mnmig2JSiZYPEXawWQbeoOGqhLQ0A_g08q_6x9uCS3GDD06X2I92wp1DOmKpzocpy-33mPeFHFTHNUnOplz6Tt7UNKnGCY5hdeIU9t4fHEX4CzcseX3o9vxkcg76RpGddDTfgU6DIWzrB6Y3NN3SHwd0oXjHE8-2WVTMkcFhAlN56hFRzwFRs7uWEYIbpWWN2yfXr&sm=1&dl=0	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	143.204.95.12
	https://www.phsinc.com/?bwfan-track-action=click&bwfan-track-id=0ecdd1bdf2276cad3fa2d27ffa918e84&bwfan-uid=e2dffed46dd69d19d18bc527d6255bd5&bwfan-link=%68%74%74%70%73%3A%2F%2F%6D%61%69%6C%2E%72%69%67%6F%74%69%6C%65%73%2E%63%6F%6D%2F%6A%50%73%51%57%55%63%42	Get hash	malicious	HTMLPhisher, ReCaptcha Phish	Browse	3.132.253.175
	file.exe	Get hash	malicious	Stealc, Vidar	Browse	18.238.171.119
CANONICAL-ASGB	.i.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	harm4.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	shngijernbh.mips.elf	Get hash	malicious	Gafgyt, Mirai	Browse	91.189.91.42
	shngijernbh.arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Gafgyt, Mirai	Browse	185.125.190.26
	shngijernbh.ppc.elf	Get hash	malicious	Gafgyt, Mirai	Browse	91.189.91.42
	linux_mips.elf	Get hash	malicious	Chaos	Browse	91.189.91.42
	linux_ppc64.elf	Get hash	malicious	Chaos	Browse	91.189.91.42
	linux_mipsel_softfloat.elf	Get hash	malicious	Chaos	Browse	91.189.91.42
	linux_mipsel.elf	Get hash	malicious	Chaos	Browse	91.189.91.42
	linux_mips64el_softfloat.elf	Get hash	malicious	Chaos	Browse	91.189.91.42

JA3 Fingerprints

⊘No context

Dropped Files

⊘No context

Created / dropped Files

⊘No created / dropped files found

Static File Info

General

File type:	ELF 32-bit MSB executable, MIPS, MIPS32 version 1 (SYSV), statically linked, no section header
Entropy (8bit):	7.99991227593185
TrID:	ELF Executable and Linkable format (generic) (4004/1) 100.00%
File name:	zone.mips.elf
File size:	2'882'780 bytes
MD5:	5b0f6b33fc2e7ca43a28f3180315b33d
SHA1:	035ef3311509f9a66adbc37709025190dd4e3a60
SHA256:	b82702ae2e2795657074db4caf23bc099be0edfb1a6db3531e3721820d4f297c
SHA512:	ff8ec99955c626ee9ffc89143caf70265f2d5e949932fb0b18992487fa073720b71a5fc7a33bcbe53d0912112375106a84ec56c08b34aca46725e614122870ff
SSDEEP:	49152:Oo3zBV5yPdJ8S9+x+j1aKJCF4da+JTZKW5VqAv094hBkLiV2/V//7TiCxXgliykQ:Oo3zL5y1Jn96+jIYy4daSdtIAc4hSBVw
TLSH:	01D533E36E52A1B8CA09A27C81B31B86443571B05B5BD4C73081C9537B5EFD2CE6EB1E
File Content Preview:	.ELF.....................%.....4....P....4. .........................................................+...+..........dt.Q..............................#3UPX!.L...........U.$.......v.......?.E.h4...@b..) ........m....a......U7~(.}.{.,4.By...t....F$2..Yf..M.

Static ELF Info

ELF header
Class:	ELF32
Data:	2's complement, big endian
Version:	1 (current)
Machine:	MIPS R3000
Version Number:	0x1
Type:	EXEC (Executable file)
OS/ABI:	UNIX - System V
ABI Version:	0
Entry Point Address:	0x125e780
Flags:	0x50001004
ELF Header Size:	52
Program Header Offset:	52
Program Header Size:	32
Number of Program Headers:	3
Section Header Offset:	0
Section Header Size:	0
Number of Section Headers:	0
Header String Table Index:	0

Program Segments

Type	Offset	Virtual Address	Physical Address	File Size	Memory Size	Entropy	Flags	Flags Description	Align
LOAD	0x0	0x10000	0x10000	0x1000	0xf81ca0	7.8877	0x6	RW	0x10000
LOAD	0x0	0xfa0000	0xfa0000	0x2bfbc4	0x2bfbc4	7.9999	0x5	R E	0x10000
GNU_STACK	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0	0.0000	0x6	RW	0x4

Network Behavior

Network Port Distribution

TCP Packets

Timestamp	Source Port	Dest Port	Source IP	Dest IP
Nov 1, 2024 05:08:07.072324038 CET	48202	443	192.168.2.13	185.125.190.26
Nov 1, 2024 05:08:26.759485006 CET	54632	443	192.168.2.13	34.254.182.186
Nov 1, 2024 05:08:26.775940895 CET	443	54632	34.254.182.186	192.168.2.13
Nov 1, 2024 05:08:26.776015043 CET	54632	443	192.168.2.13	34.254.182.186
Nov 1, 2024 05:08:37.792416096 CET	48202	443	192.168.2.13	185.125.190.26

System Behavior

Analysis Process: zone.mips.elf PID: 5423, Parent PID: 5347

General

Start time (UTC):	04:07:54
Start date (UTC):	01/11/2024
Path:	/tmp/zone.mips.elf
Arguments:	/tmp/zone.mips.elf
File size:	5777432 bytes
MD5 hash:	0083f1f0e77be34ad27f849842bbb00c

Chronological Activities

Analysis Process: dash PID: 5466, Parent PID: 3584

General

Start time (UTC):	04:08:25
Start date (UTC):	01/11/2024
Path:	/usr/bin/dash
Arguments:	-
File size:	129816 bytes
MD5 hash:	1e6b1c887c59a315edb7eb9a315fc84c

Chronological Activities

Analysis Process: rm PID: 5466, Parent PID: 3584

General

Start time (UTC):	04:08:25
Start date (UTC):	01/11/2024
Path:	/usr/bin/rm
Arguments:	rm -f /tmp/tmp.LHb7HZLpmh /tmp/tmp.4jVz2QAFoJ /tmp/tmp.sAy7vZw2mu
File size:	72056 bytes
MD5 hash:	aa2b5496fdbfd88e38791ab81f90b95b

Chronological Activities

Analysis Process: dash PID: 5467, Parent PID: 3584

General

Start time (UTC):	04:08:25
Start date (UTC):	01/11/2024
Path:	/usr/bin/dash
Arguments:	-
File size:	129816 bytes
MD5 hash:	1e6b1c887c59a315edb7eb9a315fc84c

Chronological Activities

Analysis Process: rm PID: 5467, Parent PID: 3584

General

Start time (UTC):	04:08:25
Start date (UTC):	01/11/2024
Path:	/usr/bin/rm
Arguments:	rm -f /tmp/tmp.LHb7HZLpmh /tmp/tmp.4jVz2QAFoJ /tmp/tmp.sAy7vZw2mu
File size:	72056 bytes
MD5 hash:	aa2b5496fdbfd88e38791ab81f90b95b

Description:	Adversaries may attempt to make an executable or file difficult to discover or analyze by encrypting, encoding, or otherwise obfuscating its contents on the system or in transit. This is common behavior that can be used across different platforms and the network to evade defenses.
Tactics:	Defense Evasion
Data Sources:	Command: Command Execution, File: File Creation, File: File Metadata, Module: Module Load, Process: OS API Execution, Process: Process Creation, Script: Script Execution, WMI: WMI Creation, Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Creation
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may delete files left behind by the actions of their intrusion activity. Malware, tools, or other non-native files dropped or created on a system by an adversary (ex: Ingress Tool Transfer ) may leave traces to indicate to what was done within a network and how. Removal of these files can occur during an intrusion, or as part of a post-intrusion process to minimize the adversary's footprint.
Tactics:	Defense Evasion
Data Sources:	Command: Command Execution, File: File Deletion
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of security software, configurations, defensive tools, and sensors that are installed on a system or in a cloud environment. This may include things such as firewall rules and anti-virus. Adversaries may use the information from Security Software Discovery during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether or not the adversary fully infects the target and/or attempts specific actions.
Tactics:	Discovery
Data Sources:	Command: Command Execution, Firewall: Firewall Enumeration, Firewall: Firewall Metadata, Process: OS API Execution, Process: Process Creation
Platforms:	Azure AD, Google Workspace, IaaS, Linux, macOS, Office 365, SaaS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may employ a known encryption algorithm to conceal command and control traffic rather than relying on any inherent protections provided by a communication protocol. Despite the use of a secure algorithm, these implementations may be vulnerable to reverse engineering if secret keys are encoded and/or generated within malware samples/configuration files.
Tactics:	Command and Control
Data Sources:	Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may communicate using OSI application layer protocols to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic. Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server.
Tactics:	Command and Control
Data Sources:	Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Behavior Section

Behavior Chronological

Disassembly

Uncategorized

Graph

Loading Joe Sandbox Report ...

Warning!

Linux Analysis Report zone.mips.elf

Overview

General Information

Detection

Signatures

Classification

General Information

Runtime Messages

Process Tree

Yara Signatures

Suricata Signatures

Joe Sandbox Signatures

Networking

System Summary

Data Obfuscation

Persistence and Installation Behavior

Hooking and other Techniques for Hiding and Protection

Malware Analysis System Evasion

Mitre Att&ck Matrix

Malware Configuration

Behavior Graph

Screenshots

Thumbnails

Antivirus, Machine Learning and Genetic Malware Detection

Initial Sample

Dropped Files

Domains

URLs

Domains and IPs

Contacted Domains

URLs from Memory and Binaries

World Map of Contacted IPs

Public IPs

Joe Sandbox View / Context

IPs

Domains

ASNs

JA3 Fingerprints

Dropped Files

Created / dropped Files

Static File Info

General

Static ELF Info

ELF header

Program Segments

Network Behavior

Network Port Distribution

TCP Packets

System Behavior

Analysis Process: zone.mips.elf PID: 5423, Parent PID: 5347

General

Chronological Activities

Analysis Process: dash PID: 5466, Parent PID: 3584

General

Chronological Activities

Analysis Process: rm PID: 5466, Parent PID: 3584

General

Chronological Activities

Analysis Process: dash PID: 5467, Parent PID: 3584

General

Chronological Activities

Analysis Process: rm PID: 5467, Parent PID: 3584

General

Chronological Activities

Linux Analysis Report
zone.mips.elf