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Linux Analysis Report
c0r0n4x.x86.elf

Overview

General Information

Sample name:	c0r0n4x.x86.elf
Analysis ID:	1542843
MD5:	dff942ea651eaa0cfe5ce7aede9459c8
SHA1:	801d4662da6b6906ce821b54d7d9937c27c35760
SHA256:	91b94e3998a4e2d23d39df941ce111a071fb1e13cb3d952e15563543fc6fa3a7
Tags:	elfuser-abuse_ch
Infos:

Detection

Score:	64
Range:	0 - 100
Whitelisted:	false

Signatures

Malicious sample detected (through community Yara rule)

Multi AV Scanner detection for submitted file

Machine Learning detection for sample

Sample is packed with UPX

ELF contains segments with high entropy indicating compressed/encrypted content

Sample contains only a LOAD segment without any section mappings

Yara signature match

Classification

General Information

Joe Sandbox version:	41.0.0 Charoite
Analysis ID:	1542843
Start date and time:	2024-10-26 18:57:07 +02:00
Joe Sandbox product:	CloudBasic
Overall analysis duration:	0h 4m 24s
Hypervisor based Inspection enabled:	false
Report type:	full
Cookbook file name:	defaultlinuxfilecookbook.jbs
Analysis system description:	Ubuntu Linux 20.04 x64 (Kernel 5.4.0-72, Firefox 91.0, Evince Document Viewer 3.36.10, LibreOffice 6.4.7.2, OpenJDK 11.0.11)
Analysis Mode:	default
Sample name:	c0r0n4x.x86.elf
Detection:	MAL
Classification:	mal64.evad.linELF@0/0@2/0

Warnings

VT rate limit hit for: c0r0n4x.x86.elf

Runtime Messages

Command:	/tmp/c0r0n4x.x86.elf
PID:	5508
Exit Code:	136
Exit Code Info:	SIGFPE (8) Floating-point exception
Killed:	False
Standard Output:
Standard Error:

Process Tree

system is lnxubuntu20

c0r0n4x.x86.elf (PID: 5508, Parent: 5434, MD5: dff942ea651eaa0cfe5ce7aede9459c8) Arguments: /tmp/c0r0n4x.x86.elf

cleanup

Yara Signatures

Memory Dumps

Source	Rule	Description	Author	Strings
5508.1.0000000008048000.0000000008056000.r-x.sdmp	Linux_Trojan_Mirai_b14f4c5d	unknown	unknown	0x5340:$a: 53 31 DB 8B 4C 24 0C 8B 54 24 08 83 F9 01 76 15 66 8B 02 83 E9 02 25 FF FF 00 00 83 C2 02 01 C3 83 F9 01 77 EB 49 75 05 0F BE 02 01 C3
5508.1.0000000008048000.0000000008056000.r-x.sdmp	Linux_Trojan_Mirai_88de437f	unknown	unknown	0x99a2:$a: 24 08 8B 4C 24 04 85 D2 74 0D 31 C0 89 F6 C6 04 08 00 40 39 D0
5508.1.0000000008048000.0000000008056000.r-x.sdmp	Linux_Trojan_Mirai_ae9d0fa6	unknown	unknown	0x192:$a: 83 EC 04 8A 44 24 18 8B 5C 24 14 88 44 24 03 8A 44 24 10 25 FF 00
5508.1.0000000008048000.0000000008056000.r-x.sdmp	Linux_Trojan_Mirai_cc93863b	unknown	unknown	0xa3e2:$a: C3 57 8B 44 24 0C 8B 4C 24 10 8B 7C 24 08 F3 AA 8B 44 24 08
5508.1.0000000008048000.0000000008056000.r-x.sdmp	Linux_Trojan_Mirai_8aa7b5d3	unknown	unknown	0x9972:$a: 8B 4C 24 14 8B 74 24 0C 8B 5C 24 10 85 C9 74 0D 31 D2 8A 04 1A 88

Suricata Signatures

⊘No Suricata rule has matched

Joe Sandbox Signatures

Click to jump to signature section

Show All Signature Results

AV Detection

Multi AV Scanner detection for submitted file

Source: c0r0n4x.x86.elf

ReversingLabs: Detection: 60%

Machine Learning detection for sample

Source: c0r0n4x.x86.elf

Joe Sandbox ML: detected

Source: global traffic

DNS traffic detected: DNS query: daisy.ubuntu.com

Source: c0r0n4x.x86.elf

String found in binary or memory: http://upx.sf.net

System Summary

Malicious sample detected (through community Yara rule)

Source: 5508.1.0000000008048000.0000000008056000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORY	Matched rule: Linux_Trojan_Mirai_b14f4c5d Author: unknown
Source: 5508.1.0000000008048000.0000000008056000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORY	Matched rule: Linux_Trojan_Mirai_88de437f Author: unknown
Source: 5508.1.0000000008048000.0000000008056000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORY	Matched rule: Linux_Trojan_Mirai_ae9d0fa6 Author: unknown
Source: 5508.1.0000000008048000.0000000008056000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORY	Matched rule: Linux_Trojan_Mirai_cc93863b Author: unknown
Source: 5508.1.0000000008048000.0000000008056000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORY	Matched rule: Linux_Trojan_Mirai_8aa7b5d3 Author: unknown

Source: LOAD without section mappings

Program segment: 0x8048000

Source: 5508.1.0000000008048000.0000000008056000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORY	Matched rule: Linux_Trojan_Mirai_b14f4c5d os = linux, severity = x86, creation_date = 2021-01-12, scan_context = file, memory, license = Elastic License v2, threat_name = Linux.Trojan.Mirai, fingerprint = a70d052918dd2fbc66db241da6438015130f0fb6929229bfe573546fe98da817, id = b14f4c5d-054f-46e6-9fa8-3588f1ef68b7, last_modified = 2021-09-16
Source: 5508.1.0000000008048000.0000000008056000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORY	Matched rule: Linux_Trojan_Mirai_88de437f reference_sample = 8dc745a6de6f319cd6021c3e147597315cc1be02099d78fc8aae94de0e1e4bc6, os = linux, severity = x86, creation_date = 2021-01-12, scan_context = file, memory, license = Elastic License v2, threat_name = Linux.Trojan.Mirai, fingerprint = c19eb595c2b444a809bef8500c20342c9f46694d3018e268833f9b884133a1ea, id = 88de437f-9c98-4e1d-96c0-7b433c99886a, last_modified = 2021-09-16
Source: 5508.1.0000000008048000.0000000008056000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORY	Matched rule: Linux_Trojan_Mirai_ae9d0fa6 os = linux, severity = x86, creation_date = 2021-01-12, scan_context = file, memory, license = Elastic License v2, threat_name = Linux.Trojan.Mirai, fingerprint = ca2bf2771844bec95563800d19a35dd230413f8eff0bd44c8ab0b4c596f81bfc, id = ae9d0fa6-be06-4656-9b13-8edfc0ee9e71, last_modified = 2021-09-16
Source: 5508.1.0000000008048000.0000000008056000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORY	Matched rule: Linux_Trojan_Mirai_cc93863b reference_sample = 5217f2a46cb93946e04ab00e385ad0fe0a2844b6ea04ef75ee9187aac3f3d52f, os = linux, severity = x86, creation_date = 2022-01-05, scan_context = file, memory, license = Elastic License v2, threat_name = Linux.Trojan.Mirai, fingerprint = f3ecd30f0b511a8e92cfa642409d559e7612c3f57a1659ca46c77aca809a00ac, id = cc93863b-1050-40ba-9d02-5ec9ce6a3a28, last_modified = 2022-01-26
Source: 5508.1.0000000008048000.0000000008056000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORY	Matched rule: Linux_Trojan_Mirai_8aa7b5d3 reference_sample = 5217f2a46cb93946e04ab00e385ad0fe0a2844b6ea04ef75ee9187aac3f3d52f, os = linux, severity = x86, creation_date = 2022-01-05, scan_context = file, memory, license = Elastic License v2, threat_name = Linux.Trojan.Mirai, fingerprint = 02a2c18c362df4b1fceb33f3b605586514ba9a00c7afedf71c04fa54d8146444, id = 8aa7b5d3-e1eb-4b55-b36a-0d3a242c06e9, last_modified = 2022-01-26

Source: classification engine

Classification label: mal64.evad.linELF@0/0@2/0

Data Obfuscation

Sample is packed with UPX

Source: initial sample	String containing UPX found: $Info: This file is packed with the UPX executable packer http://upx.sf.net $
Source: initial sample	String containing UPX found: $Info: This file is packed with the UPX executable packer http://upx.sf.net $
Source: initial sample	String containing UPX found: $Id: UPX 3.95 Copyright (C) 1996-2018 the UPX Team. All Rights Reserved. $

Source: c0r0n4x.x86.elf

Submission file: segment LOAD with 7.8642 entropy (max. 8.0)

Mitre Att&ck Matrix

Reconnaissance	Resource Development	Initial Access	Execution	Persistence	Privilege Escalation	Defense Evasion	Credential Access	Discovery	Lateral Movement	Collection	Command and Control	Exfiltration	Impact
Gather Victim Identity Information	Acquire Infrastructure	Valid Accounts	Windows Management Instrumentation	Path Interception	Path Interception	11 Obfuscated Files or Information	OS Credential Dumping	System Service Discovery	Remote Services	Data from Local System	1 Non-Application Layer Protocol	Exfiltration Over Other Network Medium	Abuse Accessibility Features
Credentials	Domains	Default Accounts	Scheduled Task/Job	Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts	Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts	Rootkit	LSASS Memory	Application Window Discovery	Remote Desktop Protocol	Data from Removable Media	1 Application Layer Protocol	Exfiltration Over Bluetooth	Network Denial of Service

Malware Configuration

⊘No configs have been found

Behavior Graph

Hide Legend

Legend:

Process
Signature
Created File
DNS/IP Info
Is Dropped
Number of created Files
Is malicious
Internet

Screenshots

Thumbnails

This section contains all screenshots as thumbnails, including those not shown in the slideshow.

Antivirus, Machine Learning and Genetic Malware Detection

Initial Sample

Source	Detection	Scanner	Label	Link
c0r0n4x.x86.elf	61%	ReversingLabs	Linux.Backdoor.Mirai
c0r0n4x.x86.elf	100%	Joe Sandbox ML

Dropped Files

⊘No Antivirus matches

Domains

⊘No Antivirus matches

URLs

Source	Detection	Scanner	Label	Link
http://upx.sf.net	0%	URL Reputation	safe

Domains and IPs

Contacted Domains

Name	IP	Active	Malicious	Antivirus Detection	Reputation
daisy.ubuntu.com	162.213.35.24	true	false		unknown

URLs from Memory and Binaries

Name	Source	Malicious	Antivirus Detection	Reputation
http://upx.sf.net	c0r0n4x.x86.elf	true	URL Reputation: safe	unknown

World Map of Contacted IPs

⊘No contacted IP infos

Joe Sandbox View / Context

IPs

⊘No context

Domains

Match	Associated Sample Name / URL	SHA 256	Detection	Threat Name	Link	Context
daisy.ubuntu.com	c0r0n4x.ppc.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	162.213.35.25
	c0r0n4x.arm5.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	162.213.35.24
	xi.arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai, Moobot	Browse	162.213.35.24
	A0Cr6LQ52c.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	162.213.35.24
	Y48ThN7tMs.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	162.213.35.24
	nsLuqUOchO.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	162.213.35.24
	pkKNSB7f9E.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	162.213.35.24
	5q9dF23ShO.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	162.213.35.24
	dlr.arm.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	162.213.35.24
	dlr.arm5.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	162.213.35.25

ASNs

⊘No context

JA3 Fingerprints

⊘No context

Dropped Files

⊘No context

Created / dropped Files

⊘No created / dropped files found

Static File Info

General

File type:	ELF 32-bit LSB executable, Intel 80386, version 1 (GNU/Linux), statically linked, no section header
Entropy (8bit):	7.858938515687879
TrID:	ELF Executable and Linkable format (Linux) (4029/14) 50.16% ELF Executable and Linkable format (generic) (4004/1) 49.84%
File name:	c0r0n4x.x86.elf
File size:	24'484 bytes
MD5:	dff942ea651eaa0cfe5ce7aede9459c8
SHA1:	801d4662da6b6906ce821b54d7d9937c27c35760
SHA256:	91b94e3998a4e2d23d39df941ce111a071fb1e13cb3d952e15563543fc6fa3a7
SHA512:	00de4730316a64bdbda88d431042529d77eef9964131fd6f9b5f098f3a779579684917f696f7894216cc7072908f816eb57c24b59e609bcaa66360e199623d45
SSDEEP:	384:MU7LalTr/lS3rOVT6rJoA/0np7NYLPr/oIZeySzi4uY1XiBNpld/pciu5uwYunic:T7m2bOVWNj/0njYLzPSzWH38uwYugIZx
TLSH:	02B2E18B13D90356D84962FEDF5F2FA7730268581FAB9EF07F91964926B32281780C14
File Content Preview:	.ELF.................... ...4...........4. ...(......................^...^..........................................Q.td...............................?UPX!...................._........?d..ELF.......d.......4.p..4. (.......k.-.#........sw.......h.......A.

Static ELF Info

ELF header
Class:	ELF32
Data:	2's complement, little endian
Version:	1 (current)
Machine:	Intel 80386
Version Number:	0x1
Type:	EXEC (Executable file)
OS/ABI:	UNIX - Linux
ABI Version:	0
Entry Point Address:	0x804d620
Flags:	0x0
ELF Header Size:	52
Program Header Offset:	52
Program Header Size:	32
Number of Program Headers:	3
Section Header Offset:	0
Section Header Size:	40
Number of Section Headers:	0
Header String Table Index:	0

Program Segments

Type	Offset	Virtual Address	Physical Address	File Size	Memory Size	Entropy	Flags	Flags Description	Align
LOAD	0x0	0x8048000	0x8048000	0x5ea7	0x5ea7	7.8642	0x5	R E	0x1000
LOAD	0x0	0x804e000	0x804e000	0x0	0x8fc0	0.0000	0x6	RW	0x1000
GNU_STACK	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0	0.0000	0x6	RW	0x4

Network Behavior

Network Port Distribution

UDP Packets

Timestamp	Source Port	Dest Port	Source IP	Dest IP
Oct 26, 2024 18:57:56.319932938 CEST	33540	53	192.168.2.14	8.8.8.8
Oct 26, 2024 18:57:56.320048094 CEST	58444	53	192.168.2.14	8.8.8.8
Oct 26, 2024 18:57:56.326776981 CEST	53	33540	8.8.8.8	192.168.2.14
Oct 26, 2024 18:57:56.327033997 CEST	53	58444	8.8.8.8	192.168.2.14

DNS Queries

Timestamp	Source IP	Dest IP	Trans ID	OP Code	Name	Type	Class	DNS over HTTPS
Oct 26, 2024 18:57:56.319932938 CEST	192.168.2.14	8.8.8.8	0xc098	Standard query (0)	daisy.ubuntu.com	A (IP address)	IN (0x0001)	false
Oct 26, 2024 18:57:56.320048094 CEST	192.168.2.14	8.8.8.8	0xaf88	Standard query (0)	daisy.ubuntu.com	28	IN (0x0001)	false

DNS Answers

Timestamp	Source IP	Dest IP	Trans ID	Reply Code	Name	CName	Address	Type	Class	DNS over HTTPS
Oct 26, 2024 18:57:56.326776981 CEST	8.8.8.8	192.168.2.14	0xc098	No error (0)	daisy.ubuntu.com		162.213.35.24	A (IP address)	IN (0x0001)	false
Oct 26, 2024 18:57:56.326776981 CEST	8.8.8.8	192.168.2.14	0xc098	No error (0)	daisy.ubuntu.com		162.213.35.25	A (IP address)	IN (0x0001)	false

System Behavior

Analysis Process: c0r0n4x.x86.elf PID: 5508, Parent PID: 5434

General

Start time (UTC):	16:57:55
Start date (UTC):	26/10/2024
Path:	/tmp/c0r0n4x.x86.elf
Arguments:	/tmp/c0r0n4x.x86.elf
File size:	24484 bytes
MD5 hash:	dff942ea651eaa0cfe5ce7aede9459c8

Description:	Adversaries may attempt to make an executable or file difficult to discover or analyze by encrypting, encoding, or otherwise obfuscating its contents on the system or in transit. This is common behavior that can be used across different platforms and the network to evade defenses.
Tactics:	Defense Evasion
Data Sources:	Command: Command Execution, File: File Creation, File: File Metadata, Module: Module Load, Process: OS API Execution, Process: Process Creation, Script: Script Execution, WMI: WMI Creation, Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Creation
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may use an OSI non-application layer protocol for communication between host and C2 server or among infected hosts within a network. The list of possible protocols is extensive.Specific examples include use of network layer protocols, such as the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP), transport layer protocols, such as the User Datagram Protocol (UDP), session layer protocols, such as Socket Secure (SOCKS), as well as redirected/tunneled protocols, such as Serial over LAN (SOL).
Tactics:	Command and Control
Data Sources:	Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Network, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may communicate using OSI application layer protocols to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic. Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server.
Tactics:	Command and Control
Data Sources:	Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Behavior Section

Behavior Chronological

Disassembly

Uncategorized

Graph

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Warning!

Linux Analysis Report c0r0n4x.x86.elf

Overview

General Information

Detection

Signatures

Classification

General Information

Warnings

Runtime Messages

Process Tree

Yara Signatures

Memory Dumps

Suricata Signatures

Joe Sandbox Signatures

AV Detection

Networking

System Summary

Data Obfuscation

Hooking and other Techniques for Hiding and Protection

Mitre Att&ck Matrix

Malware Configuration

Behavior Graph

Screenshots

Thumbnails

Antivirus, Machine Learning and Genetic Malware Detection

Initial Sample

Dropped Files

Domains

URLs

Domains and IPs

Contacted Domains

URLs from Memory and Binaries

World Map of Contacted IPs

Joe Sandbox View / Context

IPs

Domains

ASNs

JA3 Fingerprints

Dropped Files

Created / dropped Files

Static File Info

General

Static ELF Info

ELF header

Program Segments

Network Behavior

Network Port Distribution

UDP Packets

DNS Queries

DNS Answers

System Behavior

Analysis Process: c0r0n4x.x86.elf PID: 5508, Parent PID: 5434

General

Chronological Activities

Linux Analysis Report
c0r0n4x.x86.elf