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Linux Analysis Report
x86.elf

Overview

General Information

Sample name:	x86.elf
Analysis ID:	1542667
MD5:	69c3b95a0a90ffd09617e1c90251b229
SHA1:	db1ce6e473d889a4267d2511c57b600afad804fc
SHA256:	eb18bfc4e319f3ec3ccd50de21798bfe47c31b4c3f7890745e78b0b3ae7cf027
Tags:	elfuser-abuse_ch
Infos:

Detection

Score:	56
Range:	0 - 100
Whitelisted:	false

Signatures

Malicious sample detected (through community Yara rule)

Multi AV Scanner detection for submitted file

Sample has stripped symbol table

Tries to connect to HTTP servers, but all servers are down (expired dropper behavior)

Yara signature match

Classification

General Information

Joe Sandbox version:	41.0.0 Charoite
Analysis ID:	1542667
Start date and time:	2024-10-26 05:37:03 +02:00
Joe Sandbox product:	CloudBasic
Overall analysis duration:	0h 4m 26s
Hypervisor based Inspection enabled:	false
Report type:	full
Cookbook file name:	defaultlinuxfilecookbook.jbs
Analysis system description:	Ubuntu Linux 20.04 x64 (Kernel 5.4.0-72, Firefox 91.0, Evince Document Viewer 3.36.10, LibreOffice 6.4.7.2, OpenJDK 11.0.11)
Analysis Mode:	default
Sample name:	x86.elf
Detection:	MAL
Classification:	mal56.linELF@0/0@0/0

Runtime Messages

Command:	/tmp/x86.elf
PID:	6237
Exit Code:	0
Exit Code Info:
Killed:	False
Standard Output:
Standard Error:

Process Tree

system is lnxubuntu20

x86.elf (PID: 6237, Parent: 6150, MD5: 69c3b95a0a90ffd09617e1c90251b229) Arguments: /tmp/x86.elf

cleanup

Yara Signatures

Initial Sample

Source	Rule	Description	Author	Strings
x86.elf	Linux_Trojan_Gafgyt_e6d75e6f	unknown	unknown	0x493e:$a: 00 00 00 CD 80 C3 8B 54 24 04 8B 4C 24 08 87 D3 B8 5B 00 00 00
x86.elf	Linux_Trojan_Mirai_122ff2e6	unknown	unknown	0x2c83:$a: 24 EB 15 89 F0 83 C8 01 EB 03 8B 5B 08 3B 43 04 72 F8 8B 4B 0C 89
x86.elf	Linux_Trojan_Mirai_fa48b592	unknown	unknown	0x7461:$a: 31 C0 BA 01 00 00 00 B9 01 00 00 00 03 04 24 89 D7 31 D2 F7 F7 0F

Memory Dumps

Source	Rule	Description	Author	Strings
6237.1.0000000008048000.0000000008052000.r-x.sdmp	Linux_Trojan_Gafgyt_e6d75e6f	unknown	unknown	0x493e:$a: 00 00 00 CD 80 C3 8B 54 24 04 8B 4C 24 08 87 D3 B8 5B 00 00 00
6237.1.0000000008048000.0000000008052000.r-x.sdmp	Linux_Trojan_Mirai_122ff2e6	unknown	unknown	0x2c83:$a: 24 EB 15 89 F0 83 C8 01 EB 03 8B 5B 08 3B 43 04 72 F8 8B 4B 0C 89
6237.1.0000000008048000.0000000008052000.r-x.sdmp	Linux_Trojan_Mirai_fa48b592	unknown	unknown	0x7461:$a: 31 C0 BA 01 00 00 00 B9 01 00 00 00 03 04 24 89 D7 31 D2 F7 F7 0F

Suricata Signatures

⊘No Suricata rule has matched

Joe Sandbox Signatures

Click to jump to signature section

Show All Signature Results

AV Detection

Multi AV Scanner detection for submitted file

Source: x86.elf

ReversingLabs: Detection: 13%

Source: global traffic	TCP traffic: 192.168.2.23:43928 -> 91.189.91.42:443
Source: global traffic	TCP traffic: 192.168.2.23:42836 -> 91.189.91.43:443
Source: global traffic	TCP traffic: 192.168.2.23:42516 -> 109.202.202.202:80

Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.42
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.43
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 109.202.202.202
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.42
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.43
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 109.202.202.202
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.42
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.43

Source: unknown	Network traffic detected: HTTP traffic on port 43928 -> 443
Source: unknown	Network traffic detected: HTTP traffic on port 42836 -> 443

System Summary

Malicious sample detected (through community Yara rule)

Source: x86.elf, type: SAMPLE	Matched rule: Linux_Trojan_Gafgyt_e6d75e6f Author: unknown
Source: x86.elf, type: SAMPLE	Matched rule: Linux_Trojan_Mirai_122ff2e6 Author: unknown
Source: x86.elf, type: SAMPLE	Matched rule: Linux_Trojan_Mirai_fa48b592 Author: unknown
Source: 6237.1.0000000008048000.0000000008052000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORY	Matched rule: Linux_Trojan_Gafgyt_e6d75e6f Author: unknown
Source: 6237.1.0000000008048000.0000000008052000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORY	Matched rule: Linux_Trojan_Mirai_122ff2e6 Author: unknown
Source: 6237.1.0000000008048000.0000000008052000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORY	Matched rule: Linux_Trojan_Mirai_fa48b592 Author: unknown

Source: ELF static info symbol of initial sample

.symtab present: no

Source: x86.elf, type: SAMPLE	Matched rule: Linux_Trojan_Gafgyt_e6d75e6f reference_sample = 48b15093f33c18778724c48c34199a420be4beb0d794e36034097806e1521eb8, os = linux, severity = x86, creation_date = 2021-01-12, scan_context = file, memory, license = Elastic License v2, threat_name = Linux.Trojan.Gafgyt, fingerprint = e99805e8917d6526031270b6da5c2f3cc1c8235fed1d47134835a107d0df497c, id = e6d75e6f-aa04-4767-8730-6909958044a7, last_modified = 2021-09-16
Source: x86.elf, type: SAMPLE	Matched rule: Linux_Trojan_Mirai_122ff2e6 reference_sample = c7dd999a033fa3edc1936785b87cd69ce2f5cac5a084ddfaf527a1094e718bc4, os = linux, severity = x86, creation_date = 2021-01-12, scan_context = file, memory, license = Elastic License v2, threat_name = Linux.Trojan.Mirai, fingerprint = 3c9ffd7537e30a21eefa6c174f801264b92a85a1bc73e34e6dc9e29f84658348, id = 122ff2e6-56e6-4aa8-a3ec-c19d31eb1f80, last_modified = 2021-09-16
Source: x86.elf, type: SAMPLE	Matched rule: Linux_Trojan_Mirai_fa48b592 reference_sample = c9e33befeec133720b3ba40bb3cd7f636aad80f72f324c5fe65ac7af271c49ee, os = linux, severity = x86, creation_date = 2021-01-12, scan_context = file, memory, license = Elastic License v2, threat_name = Linux.Trojan.Mirai, fingerprint = 8838d2752b310dbf7d12f6cf023244aaff4fdf5b55cf1e3b71843210df0fcf88, id = fa48b592-8d80-45af-a3e4-232695b8f5dd, last_modified = 2021-09-16
Source: 6237.1.0000000008048000.0000000008052000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORY	Matched rule: Linux_Trojan_Gafgyt_e6d75e6f reference_sample = 48b15093f33c18778724c48c34199a420be4beb0d794e36034097806e1521eb8, os = linux, severity = x86, creation_date = 2021-01-12, scan_context = file, memory, license = Elastic License v2, threat_name = Linux.Trojan.Gafgyt, fingerprint = e99805e8917d6526031270b6da5c2f3cc1c8235fed1d47134835a107d0df497c, id = e6d75e6f-aa04-4767-8730-6909958044a7, last_modified = 2021-09-16
Source: 6237.1.0000000008048000.0000000008052000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORY	Matched rule: Linux_Trojan_Mirai_122ff2e6 reference_sample = c7dd999a033fa3edc1936785b87cd69ce2f5cac5a084ddfaf527a1094e718bc4, os = linux, severity = x86, creation_date = 2021-01-12, scan_context = file, memory, license = Elastic License v2, threat_name = Linux.Trojan.Mirai, fingerprint = 3c9ffd7537e30a21eefa6c174f801264b92a85a1bc73e34e6dc9e29f84658348, id = 122ff2e6-56e6-4aa8-a3ec-c19d31eb1f80, last_modified = 2021-09-16
Source: 6237.1.0000000008048000.0000000008052000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORY	Matched rule: Linux_Trojan_Mirai_fa48b592 reference_sample = c9e33befeec133720b3ba40bb3cd7f636aad80f72f324c5fe65ac7af271c49ee, os = linux, severity = x86, creation_date = 2021-01-12, scan_context = file, memory, license = Elastic License v2, threat_name = Linux.Trojan.Mirai, fingerprint = 8838d2752b310dbf7d12f6cf023244aaff4fdf5b55cf1e3b71843210df0fcf88, id = fa48b592-8d80-45af-a3e4-232695b8f5dd, last_modified = 2021-09-16

Source: classification engine

Classification label: mal56.linELF@0/0@0/0

Mitre Att&ck Matrix

Reconnaissance	Resource Development	Initial Access	Execution	Persistence	Privilege Escalation	Defense Evasion	Credential Access	Discovery	Lateral Movement	Collection	Command and Control	Exfiltration	Impact
Gather Victim Identity Information	Acquire Infrastructure	Valid Accounts	Windows Management Instrumentation	Path Interception	Path Interception	Direct Volume Access	OS Credential Dumping	System Service Discovery	Remote Services	Data from Local System	1 Encrypted Channel	Exfiltration Over Other Network Medium	Abuse Accessibility Features
Credentials	Domains	Default Accounts	Scheduled Task/Job	Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts	Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts	Rootkit	LSASS Memory	Application Window Discovery	Remote Desktop Protocol	Data from Removable Media	1 Application Layer Protocol	Exfiltration Over Bluetooth	Network Denial of Service

Malware Configuration

⊘No configs have been found

Behavior Graph

Hide Legend

Legend:

Process
Signature
Created File
DNS/IP Info
Is Dropped
Number of created Files
Is malicious
Internet

Antivirus, Machine Learning and Genetic Malware Detection

Initial Sample

Source	Detection	Scanner	Label	Link
x86.elf	13%	ReversingLabs	Linux.Backdoor.Gafgyt

Dropped Files

⊘No Antivirus matches

Domains

⊘No Antivirus matches

URLs

⊘No Antivirus matches

Domains and IPs

Contacted Domains

⊘No contacted domains info

World Map of Contacted IPs

No. of IPs < 25%
25% < No. of IPs < 50%
50% < No. of IPs < 75%
75% < No. of IPs

Public IPs

IP	Domain	Country	ASN	ASN Name	Malicious
109.202.202.202	unknown	Switzerland	13030	INIT7CH	false
91.189.91.43	unknown	United Kingdom	41231	CANONICAL-ASGB	false
91.189.91.42	unknown	United Kingdom	41231	CANONICAL-ASGB	false

Joe Sandbox View / Context

IPs

Match	Associated Sample Name / URL	SHA 256	Detection	Threat Name	Link	Context
109.202.202.202	kpLwzBouH4.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	ch.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/f/firefox/firefox_92.0%2bbuild3-0ubuntu0.20.04.1_amd64.deb
91.189.91.43	sh4.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	.i.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	arm7.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	m68k.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	x86_64.bin.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	.i.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	BRq7npst3l.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	boatnet.mpsl.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	boatnet.arm5.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	la.bot.arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
91.189.91.42	sh4.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	.i.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	arm7.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	m68k.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	x86_64.bin.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	.i.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	BRq7npst3l.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	boatnet.mpsl.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	boatnet.arm5.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	la.bot.arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse

Domains

⊘No context

ASNs

Match	Associated Sample Name / URL	SHA 256	Detection	Threat Name	Link	Context
CANONICAL-ASGB	sh4.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	.i.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	arm7.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	m68k.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	x86_64.bin.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	.i.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	BRq7npst3l.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	91.189.91.42
	dlr.x86.elf	Get hash	malicious	Okiru	Browse	185.125.190.26
	boatnet.mpsl.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	91.189.91.42
	boatnet.arm5.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	91.189.91.42
CANONICAL-ASGB	sh4.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	.i.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	arm7.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	m68k.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	x86_64.bin.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	.i.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	BRq7npst3l.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	91.189.91.42
	dlr.x86.elf	Get hash	malicious	Okiru	Browse	185.125.190.26
	boatnet.mpsl.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	91.189.91.42
	boatnet.arm5.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	91.189.91.42
INIT7CH	sh4.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202
	.i.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202
	arm7.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202
	m68k.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202
	x86_64.bin.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202
	.i.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202
	BRq7npst3l.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	109.202.202.202
	boatnet.mpsl.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	109.202.202.202
	boatnet.arm5.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	109.202.202.202
	la.bot.arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202

JA3 Fingerprints

⊘No context

Dropped Files

⊘No context

Created / dropped Files

⊘No created / dropped files found

Static File Info

General

File type:	ELF 32-bit LSB executable, Intel 80386, version 1 (SYSV), statically linked, stripped
Entropy (8bit):	6.51975014510117
TrID:	ELF Executable and Linkable format (Linux) (4029/14) 50.16% ELF Executable and Linkable format (generic) (4004/1) 49.84%
File name:	x86.elf
File size:	40'764 bytes
MD5:	69c3b95a0a90ffd09617e1c90251b229
SHA1:	db1ce6e473d889a4267d2511c57b600afad804fc
SHA256:	eb18bfc4e319f3ec3ccd50de21798bfe47c31b4c3f7890745e78b0b3ae7cf027
SHA512:	c6fa493f78c4c485780a6f6a1b5a8e4e23236f370bbec17679ba429972e1dd65897471222a37abdb3d323d779cf657aa1a1b2f48da47129fa42c7c1d00fd8643
SSDEEP:	768:+s8xSUyCcACcl2UsscAeihgcuZ4QJIUt5EZE+502x1W98rIEfQL:6MURzN1+cuZBJITxx1WCr
TLSH:	E2036B89F7C2D2B6E88704350177A77B7730E64712B8DA06C3BB9615AC53D20994F2B9
File Content Preview:	.ELF........................4...........4. ...(..............................................#...#.......7........................................Q.td............................U..S............h.....}..[]...$.............U......=.,...t..5............

Static ELF Info

ELF header
Class:	ELF32
Data:	2's complement, little endian
Version:	1 (current)
Machine:	Intel 80386
Version Number:	0x1
Type:	EXEC (Executable file)
OS/ABI:	UNIX - System V
ABI Version:	0
Entry Point Address:	0x8048184
Flags:	0x0
ELF Header Size:	52
Program Header Offset:	52
Program Header Size:	32
Number of Program Headers:	4
Section Header Offset:	40204
Section Header Size:	40
Number of Section Headers:	14
Header String Table Index:	13

Sections

Name	Type	Address	Offset	Size	EntSize	Flags	Flags Description	Align
	NULL	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0		0
.init	PROGBITS	0x80480b4	0xb4	0x1c	0x0	0x6	AX	1
.text	PROGBITS	0x80480d0	0xd0	0x7e07	0x0	0x6	AX	16
.fini	PROGBITS	0x804fed7	0x7ed7	0x17	0x0	0x6	AX	1
.rodata	PROGBITS	0x804fef0	0x7ef0	0x14d0	0x0	0x2	A	16
.eh_frame	PROGBITS	0x80523c0	0x93c0	0x6cc	0x0	0x3	WA	4
.tbss	NOBITS	0x8052a8c	0x9a8c	0x8	0x0	0x403	WAT	4
.ctors	PROGBITS	0x8052a8c	0x9a8c	0x8	0x0	0x3	WA	4
.dtors	PROGBITS	0x8052a94	0x9a94	0x8	0x0	0x3	WA	4
.jcr	PROGBITS	0x8052a9c	0x9a9c	0x4	0x0	0x3	WA	4
.got.plt	PROGBITS	0x8052aa0	0x9aa0	0xc	0x4	0x3	WA	4
.data	PROGBITS	0x8052aac	0x9aac	0x204	0x0	0x3	WA	4
.bss	NOBITS	0x8052cb0	0x9cb0	0x2efc	0x0	0x3	WA	4
.shstrtab	STRTAB	0x0	0x9cb0	0x5c	0x0	0x0		1

Program Segments

Type	Offset	Virtual Address	Physical Address	File Size	Memory Size	Entropy	Flags	Flags Description	Align	Section Mappings
LOAD	0x0	0x8048000	0x8048000	0x93c0	0x93c0	6.5839	0x5	R E	0x1000	.init .text .fini .rodata
LOAD	0x93c0	0x80523c0	0x80523c0	0x8f0	0x37ec	4.6915	0x6	RW	0x1000	.eh_frame .tbss .ctors .dtors .jcr .got.plt .data .bss
TLS	0x9a8c	0x8052a8c	0x8052a8c	0x0	0x8	0.0000	0x4	R	0x4	.tbss
GNU_STACK	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0	0.0000	0x6	RW	0x4

Network Behavior

Network Port Distribution

TCP Packets

Timestamp	Source Port	Dest Port	Source IP	Dest IP
Oct 26, 2024 05:37:50.707730055 CEST	43928	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.42
Oct 26, 2024 05:37:56.083096027 CEST	42836	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.43
Oct 26, 2024 05:37:57.874670982 CEST	42516	80	192.168.2.23	109.202.202.202
Oct 26, 2024 05:38:11.440931082 CEST	43928	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.42
Oct 26, 2024 05:38:21.679349899 CEST	42836	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.43
Oct 26, 2024 05:38:27.822503090 CEST	42516	80	192.168.2.23	109.202.202.202
Oct 26, 2024 05:38:52.395108938 CEST	43928	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.42
Oct 26, 2024 05:39:12.872625113 CEST	42836	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.43

System Behavior

Analysis Process: x86.elf PID: 6237, Parent PID: 6150

General

Start time (UTC):	03:37:50
Start date (UTC):	26/10/2024
Path:	/tmp/x86.elf
Arguments:	/tmp/x86.elf
File size:	40764 bytes
MD5 hash:	69c3b95a0a90ffd09617e1c90251b229

Description:	Adversaries may employ a known encryption algorithm to conceal command and control traffic rather than relying on any inherent protections provided by a communication protocol. Despite the use of a secure algorithm, these implementations may be vulnerable to reverse engineering if secret keys are encoded and/or generated within malware samples/configuration files.
Tactics:	Command and Control
Data Sources:	Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may communicate using OSI application layer protocols to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic. Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server.
Tactics:	Command and Control
Data Sources:	Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Behavior Section

Behavior Chronological

Disassembly

Uncategorized

Graph

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Warning!

Linux Analysis Report x86.elf

Overview

General Information

Detection

Signatures

Classification

General Information

Runtime Messages

Process Tree

Yara Signatures

Initial Sample

Memory Dumps

Suricata Signatures

Joe Sandbox Signatures

AV Detection

Networking

System Summary

Mitre Att&ck Matrix

Malware Configuration

Behavior Graph

Antivirus, Machine Learning and Genetic Malware Detection

Initial Sample

Dropped Files

Domains

URLs

Domains and IPs

Contacted Domains

World Map of Contacted IPs

Public IPs

Joe Sandbox View / Context

IPs

Domains

ASNs

JA3 Fingerprints

Dropped Files

Created / dropped Files

Static File Info

General

Static ELF Info

ELF header

Sections

Program Segments

Network Behavior

Network Port Distribution

TCP Packets

System Behavior

Analysis Process: x86.elf PID: 6237, Parent PID: 6150

General

Linux Analysis Report
x86.elf