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Linux Analysis Report
botnet.mips.elf

Overview

General Information

Sample name:	botnet.mips.elf
Analysis ID:	1540997
MD5:	b69de4c2d69c16bdd1db790b5398e27f
SHA1:	325a10d4370e86c0c15fbab4ece7a8406b2edb55
SHA256:	5c3c9921170cee3e1a742c70a929ebab4c0a042122d2f77d3c16a79d58b28059
Tags:	elfMiraiuser-abuse_ch
Infos:

Detection

Score:	60
Range:	0 - 100
Whitelisted:	false

Signatures

Antivirus / Scanner detection for submitted sample

Multi AV Scanner detection for submitted file

Sample is packed with UPX

ELF contains segments with high entropy indicating compressed/encrypted content

Sample contains only a LOAD segment without any section mappings

Tries to connect to HTTP servers, but all servers are down (expired dropper behavior)

Uses the "uname" system call to query kernel version information (possible evasion)

Classification

General Information

Joe Sandbox version:	41.0.0 Charoite
Analysis ID:	1540997
Start date and time:	2024-10-24 11:22:32 +02:00
Joe Sandbox product:	CloudBasic
Overall analysis duration:	0h 4m 23s
Hypervisor based Inspection enabled:	false
Report type:	full
Cookbook file name:	defaultlinuxfilecookbook.jbs
Analysis system description:	Ubuntu Linux 20.04 x64 (Kernel 5.4.0-72, Firefox 91.0, Evince Document Viewer 3.36.10, LibreOffice 6.4.7.2, OpenJDK 11.0.11)
Analysis Mode:	default
Sample name:	botnet.mips.elf
Detection:	MAL
Classification:	mal60.evad.linELF@0/0@2/0

Warnings

VT rate limit hit for: botnet.mips.elf

Runtime Messages

Command:	/tmp/botnet.mips.elf
PID:	5422
Exit Code:	133
Exit Code Info:
Killed:	False
Standard Output:
Standard Error:	qemu: uncaught target signal 5 (Trace/breakpoint trap) - core dumped

Process Tree

system is lnxubuntu20

botnet.mips.elf (PID: 5422, Parent: 5346, MD5: 0083f1f0e77be34ad27f849842bbb00c) Arguments: /tmp/botnet.mips.elf

cleanup

Yara Signatures

⊘No yara matches

Suricata Signatures

⊘No Suricata rule has matched

Joe Sandbox Signatures

Click to jump to signature section

Show All Signature Results

AV Detection

Antivirus / Scanner detection for submitted sample

Source: botnet.mips.elf

Avira: detected

Multi AV Scanner detection for submitted file

Source: botnet.mips.elf

ReversingLabs: Detection: 44%

Source: global traffic

TCP traffic: 192.168.2.13:48202 -> 185.125.190.26:443

Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 185.125.190.26
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 185.125.190.26

Source: global traffic

DNS traffic detected: DNS query: daisy.ubuntu.com

Source: botnet.mips.elf

String found in binary or memory: http://upx.sf.net

Source: unknown

Network traffic detected: HTTP traffic on port 48202 -> 443

Source: LOAD without section mappings

Program segment: 0x400000

Source: classification engine

Classification label: mal60.evad.linELF@0/0@2/0

Data Obfuscation

Sample is packed with UPX

Source: initial sample	String containing UPX found: $Info: This file is packed with the UPX executable packer http://upx.sf.net $
Source: initial sample	String containing UPX found: $Info: This file is packed with the UPX executable packer http://upx.sf.net $
Source: initial sample	String containing UPX found: $Id: UPX 3.95 Copyright (C) 1996-2018 the UPX Team. All Rights Reserved. $

Source: botnet.mips.elf

Submission file: segment LOAD with 7.9265 entropy (max. 8.0)

Source: /tmp/botnet.mips.elf (PID: 5422)

Queries kernel information via 'uname':

Jump to behavior

Source: botnet.mips.elf, 5422.1.000055ac91869000.000055ac918f0000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: U!/etc/qemu-binfmt/mips
Source: botnet.mips.elf, 5422.1.00007ffc10bf3000.00007ffc10c14000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: x86_64/usr/bin/qemu-mips/tmp/botnet.mips.elfSUDO_USER=saturninoPATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/snap/binDISPLAY=:1.0XAUTHORITY=/run/user/1000/gdm/XauthoritySUDO_UID=1000TERM=xterm-256colorCOLORTERM=truecolorLOGNAME=rootUSER=rootLANG=en_US.UTF-8SUDO_COMMAND=/bin/bashHOME=/rootMAIL=/var/mail/rootSUDO_GID=1000SHELL=/bin/bash/tmp/botnet.mips.elf
Source: botnet.mips.elf, 5422.1.000055ac91869000.000055ac918f0000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: /etc/qemu-binfmt/mips
Source: botnet.mips.elf, 5422.1.00007ffc10bf3000.00007ffc10c14000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: /usr/bin/qemu-mips
Source: botnet.mips.elf, 5422.1.00007ffc10bf3000.00007ffc10c14000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: qemu: uncaught target signal 5 (Trace/breakpoint trap) - core dumped

Mitre Att&ck Matrix

Reconnaissance	Resource Development	Initial Access	Execution	Persistence	Privilege Escalation	Defense Evasion	Credential Access	Discovery	Lateral Movement	Collection	Command and Control	Exfiltration	Impact
Gather Victim Identity Information	Acquire Infrastructure	Valid Accounts	Windows Management Instrumentation	Path Interception	Path Interception	11 Obfuscated Files or Information	OS Credential Dumping	11 Security Software Discovery	Remote Services	Data from Local System	1 Encrypted Channel	Exfiltration Over Other Network Medium	Abuse Accessibility Features
Credentials	Domains	Default Accounts	Scheduled Task/Job	Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts	Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts	Rootkit	LSASS Memory	Application Window Discovery	Remote Desktop Protocol	Data from Removable Media	1 Non-Application Layer Protocol	Exfiltration Over Bluetooth	Network Denial of Service
Email Addresses	DNS Server	Domain Accounts	At	Logon Script (Windows)	Logon Script (Windows)	Obfuscated Files or Information	Security Account Manager	Query Registry	SMB/Windows Admin Shares	Data from Network Shared Drive	2 Application Layer Protocol	Automated Exfiltration	Data Encrypted for Impact

Malware Configuration

⊘No configs have been found

Behavior Graph

Hide Legend

Legend:

Process
Signature
Created File
DNS/IP Info
Is Dropped
Number of created Files
Is malicious
Internet

Antivirus, Machine Learning and Genetic Malware Detection

Initial Sample

Source	Detection	Scanner	Label	Link
botnet.mips.elf	45%	ReversingLabs	Linux.Trojan.Mirai
botnet.mips.elf	100%	Avira	LINUX/AVI.Bot.tygrq

Dropped Files

⊘No Antivirus matches

Domains

⊘No Antivirus matches

URLs

Source	Detection	Scanner	Label	Link
http://upx.sf.net	0%	URL Reputation	safe

Domains and IPs

Contacted Domains

Name	IP	Active	Malicious	Antivirus Detection	Reputation
daisy.ubuntu.com	162.213.35.25	true	false		unknown

URLs from Memory and Binaries

Name	Source	Malicious	Antivirus Detection	Reputation
http://upx.sf.net	botnet.mips.elf	true	URL Reputation: safe	unknown

World Map of Contacted IPs

No. of IPs < 25%
25% < No. of IPs < 50%
50% < No. of IPs < 75%
75% < No. of IPs

Public IPs

IP	Domain	Country	Flag	ASN	ASN Name	Malicious
185.125.190.26	unknown	United Kingdom		41231	CANONICAL-ASGB	false

Joe Sandbox View / Context

IPs

Match	Associated Sample Name / URL	SHA 256	Detection	Threat Name	Link
185.125.190.26	bot.arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai, Okiru	Browse
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	bot.arm7.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai, Okiru	Browse
	sshd.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	pozY1lq94j.elf	Get hash	malicious	Okiru	Browse
	arm4.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	pty.elf	Get hash	malicious	Tsunami	Browse
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	bin.armv4l.elf	Get hash	malicious	Gafgyt, Mirai	Browse
	bin.mipsel.elf	Get hash	malicious	Gafgyt, Mirai	Browse

Domains

Match	Associated Sample Name / URL	SHA 256	Detection	Threat Name	Link	Context
daisy.ubuntu.com	la.bot.mipsel.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	162.213.35.25
	bot.arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai, Okiru	Browse	162.213.35.25
	la.bot.m68k.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	162.213.35.25
	hidakibest.arm5.elf	Get hash	malicious	Gafgyt, Mirai	Browse	162.213.35.24
	la.bot.mips.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	162.213.35.24
	boatnet.x86.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	162.213.35.25
	x86.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	162.213.35.24
	garm7.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	162.213.35.24
	nshsh4.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	162.213.35.25
	hidakibest.mpsl.elf	Get hash	malicious	Gafgyt, Mirai	Browse	162.213.35.24

ASNs

Match	Associated Sample Name / URL	SHA 256	Detection	Threat Name	Link	Context
CANONICAL-ASGB	boatnet.sh4.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	91.189.91.42
	bot.arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai, Okiru	Browse	185.125.190.26
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	185.125.190.26
	BoM00gWx1d.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	hidakibest.ppc.elf	Get hash	malicious	Gafgyt, Mirai	Browse	91.189.91.42
	boatnet.arm7.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	91.189.91.42
	boatnet.arm.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	91.189.91.42
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	bot.arm7.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai, Okiru	Browse	185.125.190.26

JA3 Fingerprints

⊘No context

Dropped Files

⊘No context

Created / dropped Files

⊘No created / dropped files found

Static File Info

General

File type:	ELF 32-bit MSB executable, MIPS, MIPS-I version 1 (SYSV), statically linked, no section header
Entropy (8bit):	7.923607301391047
TrID:	ELF Executable and Linkable format (Linux) (4029/14) 50.16% ELF Executable and Linkable format (generic) (4004/1) 49.84%
File name:	botnet.mips.elf
File size:	37'516 bytes
MD5:	b69de4c2d69c16bdd1db790b5398e27f
SHA1:	325a10d4370e86c0c15fbab4ece7a8406b2edb55
SHA256:	5c3c9921170cee3e1a742c70a929ebab4c0a042122d2f77d3c16a79d58b28059
SHA512:	ec90df95890697f48f5017b8d2e258252a9349f6cbe461dba0e9551c7a4dd14b41fda179fea686aaebf7a164b23fa35f43502d95be143e7d08e0f0c71c2bdf10
SSDEEP:	768:VFwoLdBhILNp1D13EfJnkUnY3KgsEev29BDxnz1M96UGS5J1DzuJgGlzDpUYsfb:f/dQDilnY3Vfg2nxnz1ONGS5J1CVqY4
TLSH:	2DF2E19D412EA1F3D86E51B752A5F39202B90EF7E821D44A633C96024D436EF2873BD1
File Content Preview:	.ELF.....................@}H...4.........4. ...(.............@...@.....V...V.................A...A.........x.........#..UPX!...........X...X.......W.......?.E.h4...@b..) ..]....E......;.\.Z?C...8......o,k.zo..`.....A..O1.......!4U-...#.d....y...wV........

Static ELF Info

ELF header
Class:	ELF32
Data:	2's complement, big endian
Version:	1 (current)
Machine:	MIPS R3000
Version Number:	0x1
Type:	EXEC (Executable file)
OS/ABI:	UNIX - System V
ABI Version:	0
Entry Point Address:	0x407d48
Flags:	0x1007
ELF Header Size:	52
Program Header Offset:	52
Program Header Size:	32
Number of Program Headers:	2
Section Header Offset:	0
Section Header Size:	40
Number of Section Headers:	0
Header String Table Index:	0

Program Segments

Type	Offset	Virtual Address	Physical Address	File Size	Memory Size	Entropy	Flags	Flags Description	Align	Prog Interpreter	Section Mappings
LOAD	0x0	0x400000	0x400000	0x9156	0x9156	7.9265	0x5	R E	0x10000
LOAD	0x0	0x410000	0x410000	0x0	0x4aa78	0.0000	0x6	RW	0x10000

Network Behavior

Network Port Distribution

TCP Packets

Timestamp	Source Port	Dest Port	Source IP	Dest IP
Oct 24, 2024 11:23:23.108264923 CEST	48202	443	192.168.2.13	185.125.190.26
Oct 24, 2024 11:23:54.340163946 CEST	48202	443	192.168.2.13	185.125.190.26

UDP Packets

Timestamp	Source Port	Dest Port	Source IP	Dest IP
Oct 24, 2024 11:23:15.298906088 CEST	45880	53	192.168.2.13	8.8.8.8
Oct 24, 2024 11:23:15.298943043 CEST	58001	53	192.168.2.13	8.8.8.8
Oct 24, 2024 11:23:15.305972099 CEST	53	58001	8.8.8.8	192.168.2.13
Oct 24, 2024 11:23:15.305990934 CEST	53	45880	8.8.8.8	192.168.2.13

DNS Queries

Timestamp	Source IP	Dest IP	Trans ID	OP Code	Name	Type	Class	DNS over HTTPS
Oct 24, 2024 11:23:15.298906088 CEST	192.168.2.13	8.8.8.8	0x34ed	Standard query (0)	daisy.ubuntu.com	A (IP address)	IN (0x0001)	false
Oct 24, 2024 11:23:15.298943043 CEST	192.168.2.13	8.8.8.8	0xf43d	Standard query (0)	daisy.ubuntu.com	28	IN (0x0001)	false

DNS Answers

Timestamp	Source IP	Dest IP	Trans ID	Reply Code	Name	CName	Address	Type	Class	DNS over HTTPS
Oct 24, 2024 11:23:15.305990934 CEST	8.8.8.8	192.168.2.13	0x34ed	No error (0)	daisy.ubuntu.com		162.213.35.25	A (IP address)	IN (0x0001)	false
Oct 24, 2024 11:23:15.305990934 CEST	8.8.8.8	192.168.2.13	0x34ed	No error (0)	daisy.ubuntu.com		162.213.35.24	A (IP address)	IN (0x0001)	false

System Behavior

Analysis Process: botnet.mips.elf PID: 5422, Parent PID: 5346

General

Start time (UTC):	09:23:13
Start date (UTC):	24/10/2024
Path:	/tmp/botnet.mips.elf
Arguments:	/tmp/botnet.mips.elf
File size:	5777432 bytes
MD5 hash:	0083f1f0e77be34ad27f849842bbb00c

Description:	Adversaries may attempt to make an executable or file difficult to discover or analyze by encrypting, encoding, or otherwise obfuscating its contents on the system or in transit. This is common behavior that can be used across different platforms and the network to evade defenses.
Tactics:	Defense Evasion
Data Sources:	Command: Command Execution, File: File Creation, File: File Metadata, Module: Module Load, Process: OS API Execution, Process: Process Creation, Script: Script Execution, WMI: WMI Creation, Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Creation
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of security software, configurations, defensive tools, and sensors that are installed on a system or in a cloud environment. This may include things such as firewall rules and anti-virus. Adversaries may use the information from Security Software Discovery during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether or not the adversary fully infects the target and/or attempts specific actions.
Tactics:	Discovery
Data Sources:	Command: Command Execution, Firewall: Firewall Enumeration, Firewall: Firewall Metadata, Process: OS API Execution, Process: Process Creation
Platforms:	Azure AD, Google Workspace, IaaS, Linux, macOS, Office 365, SaaS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may employ a known encryption algorithm to conceal command and control traffic rather than relying on any inherent protections provided by a communication protocol. Despite the use of a secure algorithm, these implementations may be vulnerable to reverse engineering if secret keys are encoded and/or generated within malware samples/configuration files.
Tactics:	Command and Control
Data Sources:	Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may use an OSI non-application layer protocol for communication between host and C2 server or among infected hosts within a network. The list of possible protocols is extensive.Specific examples include use of network layer protocols, such as the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP), transport layer protocols, such as the User Datagram Protocol (UDP), session layer protocols, such as Socket Secure (SOCKS), as well as redirected/tunneled protocols, such as Serial over LAN (SOL).
Tactics:	Command and Control
Data Sources:	Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Network, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may communicate using OSI application layer protocols to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic. Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server.
Tactics:	Command and Control
Data Sources:	Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Behavior Section

Behavior Chronological

Disassembly

Uncategorized

Graph

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Warning!

Linux Analysis Report botnet.mips.elf

Overview

General Information

Detection

Signatures

Classification

General Information

Warnings

Runtime Messages

Process Tree

Yara Signatures

Suricata Signatures

Joe Sandbox Signatures

AV Detection

Networking

System Summary

Data Obfuscation

Hooking and other Techniques for Hiding and Protection

Malware Analysis System Evasion

Mitre Att&ck Matrix

Malware Configuration

Behavior Graph

Antivirus, Machine Learning and Genetic Malware Detection

Initial Sample

Dropped Files

Domains

URLs

Domains and IPs

Contacted Domains

URLs from Memory and Binaries

World Map of Contacted IPs

Public IPs

Joe Sandbox View / Context

IPs

Domains

ASNs

JA3 Fingerprints

Dropped Files

Created / dropped Files

Static File Info

General

Static ELF Info

ELF header

Program Segments

Network Behavior

Network Port Distribution

TCP Packets

UDP Packets

DNS Queries

DNS Answers

System Behavior

Analysis Process: botnet.mips.elf PID: 5422, Parent PID: 5346

General

Chronological Activities

Linux Analysis Report
botnet.mips.elf