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Linux Analysis Report
na.elf

Overview

General Information

Sample name:	na.elf
Analysis ID:	1532160
MD5:	d3ebd3a4b9d1803e494f0d7e576ff207
SHA1:	1ba01389e04aaf29e6bf73875d1c9da1333d95ce
SHA256:	98d3722663774bec8747dec574c571a769d77a97080386d32c0cd32f4588987a
Tags:	elfuser-abuse_ch
Infos:

Detection

Mirai

Score:	64
Range:	0 - 100
Whitelisted:	false

Signatures

Antivirus / Scanner detection for submitted sample

Multi AV Scanner detection for submitted file

Yara detected Mirai

Sample has stripped symbol table

Uses the "uname" system call to query kernel version information (possible evasion)

Classification

General Information

Joe Sandbox version:	41.0.0 Charoite
Analysis ID:	1532160
Start date and time:	2024-10-12 17:12:20 +02:00
Joe Sandbox product:	CloudBasic
Overall analysis duration:	0h 4m 42s
Hypervisor based Inspection enabled:	false
Report type:	full
Cookbook file name:	defaultlinuxfilecookbook.jbs
Analysis system description:	Ubuntu Linux 20.04 x64 (Kernel 5.4.0-72, Firefox 91.0, Evince Document Viewer 3.36.10, LibreOffice 6.4.7.2, OpenJDK 11.0.11)
Analysis Mode:	default
Sample name:	na.elf
Detection:	MAL
Classification:	mal64.troj.linELF@0/0@2/0

Runtime Messages

Command:	/tmp/na.elf
PID:	5477
Exit Code:	139
Exit Code Info:	SIGSEGV (11) Segmentation fault invalid memory reference
Killed:	False
Standard Output:
Standard Error:	qemu: uncaught target signal 11 (Segmentation fault) - core dumped

Process Tree

system is lnxubuntu20

na.elf (PID: 5477, Parent: 5404, MD5: 5ebfcae4fe2471fcc5695c2394773ff1) Arguments: /tmp/na.elf

cleanup

Malware Threat Intel

Provided by

Name	Description	Attribution	Blogpost URLs	Link
Mirai	Mirai is one of the first significant botnets targeting exposed networking devices running Linux. Found in August 2016 by MalwareMustDie, its name means "future" in Japanese. Nowadays it targets a wide range of networked embedded devices such as IP cameras, home routers (many vendors involved), and other IoT devices. Since the source code was published on "Hack Forums" many variants of the Mirai family appeared, infecting mostly home networks all around the world.	No Attribution	http://osint.bambenekconsulting.com/feeds/ http://www.simonroses.com/2016/10/mirai-ddos-botnet-source-code-binary-analysis/ https://blog.malwaremustdie.org/2020/02/mmd-0065-2021-linuxmirai-fbot-re.html https://blog.netlab.360.com/another-lilin-dvr-0-day-being-used-to-spread-mirai-en/ https://blog.netlab.360.com/mirai_ptea-botnet-is-exploiting-undisclosed-kguard-dvr-vulnerability-en/	https://malpedia.caad.fkie.fraunhofer.de/details/elf.mirai

Yara Signatures

Initial Sample

Source	Rule	Description	Author	Strings
na.elf	JoeSecurity_Mirai_8	Yara detected Mirai	Joe Security

Memory Dumps

Source	Rule	Description	Author	Strings
5477.1.00007febe8017000.00007febe802b000.r-x.sdmp	JoeSecurity_Mirai_8	Yara detected Mirai	Joe Security

Suricata Signatures

⊘No Suricata rule has matched

Joe Sandbox Signatures

Click to jump to signature section

Show All Signature Results

AV Detection

Antivirus / Scanner detection for submitted sample

Source: na.elf

Avira: detected

Multi AV Scanner detection for submitted file

Source: na.elf	ReversingLabs: Detection: 65%
Source: na.elf	Virustotal: Detection: 61%			Perma Link

Source: unknown	UDP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 1.1.1.1
Source: unknown	UDP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 1.1.1.1

Source: global traffic

DNS traffic detected: DNS query: daisy.ubuntu.com

Source: ELF static info symbol of initial sample

.symtab present: no

Source: classification engine

Classification label: mal64.troj.linELF@0/0@2/0

Source: /tmp/na.elf (PID: 5477)

Queries kernel information via 'uname':

Jump to behavior

Source: na.elf, 5477.1.000055efd8fc0000.000055efd90ee000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: U!/etc/qemu-binfmt/arm
Source: na.elf, 5477.1.000055efd8fc0000.000055efd90ee000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: /etc/qemu-binfmt/arm
Source: na.elf, 5477.1.00007fff605b8000.00007fff605d9000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: /usr/bin/qemu-arm
Source: na.elf, 5477.1.00007fff605b8000.00007fff605d9000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: lex86_64/usr/bin/qemu-arm/tmp/na.elfSUDO_USER=saturninoPATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/snap/binDISPLAY=:1.0XAUTHORITY=/run/user/1000/gdm/XauthoritySUDO_UID=1000TERM=xterm-256colorCOLORTERM=truecolorLOGNAME=rootUSER=rootLANG=en_US.UTF-8SUDO_COMMAND=/bin/bashHOME=/rootMAIL=/var/mail/rootSUDO_GID=1000SHELL=/bin/bash/tmp/na.elf
Source: na.elf, 5477.1.00007fff605b8000.00007fff605d9000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: qemu: uncaught target signal 11 (Segmentation fault) - core dumped

Stealing of Sensitive Information

Yara detected Mirai

Source: Yara match	File source: na.elf, type: SAMPLE
Source: Yara match	File source: 5477.1.00007febe8017000.00007febe802b000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORY

Remote Access Functionality

Yara detected Mirai

Source: Yara match	File source: na.elf, type: SAMPLE
Source: Yara match	File source: 5477.1.00007febe8017000.00007febe802b000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORY

Mitre Att&ck Matrix

Reconnaissance	Resource Development	Initial Access	Execution	Persistence	Privilege Escalation	Defense Evasion	Credential Access	Discovery	Lateral Movement	Collection	Command and Control	Exfiltration	Impact
Gather Victim Identity Information	Acquire Infrastructure	Valid Accounts	Windows Management Instrumentation	Path Interception	Path Interception	Direct Volume Access	OS Credential Dumping	11 Security Software Discovery	Remote Services	Data from Local System	1 Non-Application Layer Protocol	Exfiltration Over Other Network Medium	Abuse Accessibility Features
Credentials	Domains	Default Accounts	Scheduled Task/Job	Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts	Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts	Rootkit	LSASS Memory	Application Window Discovery	Remote Desktop Protocol	Data from Removable Media	1 Application Layer Protocol	Exfiltration Over Bluetooth	Network Denial of Service

Malware Configuration

⊘No configs have been found

Behavior Graph

Hide Legend

Legend:

Process
Signature
Created File
DNS/IP Info
Is Dropped
Number of created Files
Is malicious
Internet

Antivirus, Machine Learning and Genetic Malware Detection

Initial Sample

Source	Detection	Scanner	Label	Link
na.elf	66%	ReversingLabs	Linux.Trojan.Mirai
na.elf	62%	Virustotal		Browse
na.elf	100%	Avira	EXP/ELF.Mirai.H

Dropped Files

⊘No Antivirus matches

Domains

Source	Detection	Scanner	Label	Link
daisy.ubuntu.com	0%	Virustotal		Browse

URLs

⊘No Antivirus matches

Domains and IPs

Contacted Domains

Name	IP	Active	Malicious	Antivirus Detection	Reputation
daisy.ubuntu.com	162.213.35.24	true	false	0%, Virustotal, Browse	unknown

World Map of Contacted IPs

⊘No contacted IP infos

Joe Sandbox View / Context

IPs

⊘No context

Domains

Match	Associated Sample Name / URL	SHA 256	Detection	Threat Name	Link	Context
daisy.ubuntu.com	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	162.213.35.24
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	162.213.35.25
	mhmdm9Hb6i.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	162.213.35.24
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	162.213.35.24
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	162.213.35.24
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	162.213.35.24
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	162.213.35.24
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	162.213.35.25
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	162.213.35.24
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	162.213.35.25

ASNs

⊘No context

JA3 Fingerprints

⊘No context

Dropped Files

⊘No context

Created / dropped Files

⊘No created / dropped files found

Static File Info

General

File type:	ELF 32-bit LSB executable, ARM, EABI4 version 1 (SYSV), statically linked, stripped
Entropy (8bit):	6.057073071153341
TrID:	ELF Executable and Linkable format (generic) (4004/1) 100.00%
File name:	na.elf
File size:	83'084 bytes
MD5:	d3ebd3a4b9d1803e494f0d7e576ff207
SHA1:	1ba01389e04aaf29e6bf73875d1c9da1333d95ce
SHA256:	98d3722663774bec8747dec574c571a769d77a97080386d32c0cd32f4588987a
SHA512:	b3f8707356051d941fa5b4ffe449c1dd0094f473780ec9a525d9352b5ff4b78791df51a2891138561b92a5295b47bdcfede0e253a19696f6baac340adc2359ac
SSDEEP:	1536:CxnjOSuwgUtOJ8gveoJvp0gNaIAEbSMDiYyom8Kxcl5kYG:FS09zp0qaiyom8KxcliZ
TLSH:	55831A46BD819F01D5C912B6FE2E118E33131768E3DEB2239D109B247BCB92B0E7B559
File Content Preview:	.ELF..............(.....T...4....B......4. ...(......................9...9...............@...@...@..8...\...........Q.td..................................-...L..................@-.,@...0....S..... 0....S.........../..0...0...@..../.8B.......@....-.@0....S

Static ELF Info

ELF header
Class:	ELF32
Data:	2's complement, little endian
Version:	1 (current)
Machine:	ARM
Version Number:	0x1
Type:	EXEC (Executable file)
OS/ABI:	UNIX - System V
ABI Version:	0
Entry Point Address:	0x8154
Flags:	0x4000002
ELF Header Size:	52
Program Header Offset:	52
Program Header Size:	32
Number of Program Headers:	3
Section Header Offset:	82604
Section Header Size:	40
Number of Section Headers:	12
Header String Table Index:	11

Sections

Name	Type	Address	Offset	Size	EntSize	Flags	Flags Description	Align
	NULL	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0		0
.init	PROGBITS	0x8094	0x94	0x10	0x0	0x6	AX	4
.text	PROGBITS	0x80b0	0xb0	0x122fc	0x0	0x6	AX	16
.fini	PROGBITS	0x1a3ac	0x123ac	0x10	0x0	0x6	AX	4
.rodata	PROGBITS	0x1a3c0	0x123c0	0x15c0	0x0	0x2	A	8
.init_array	INIT_ARRAY	0x24004	0x14008	0x4	0x0	0x3	WA	4
.fini_array	FINI_ARRAY	0x24008	0x1400c	0x4	0x0	0x3	WA	4
.got	PROGBITS	0x24010	0x14014	0x78	0x4	0x3	WA	4
.data	PROGBITS	0x24088	0x1408c	0x1b0	0x0	0x3	WA	4
.bss	NOBITS	0x24238	0x1423c	0x2728	0x0	0x3	WA	4
.ARM.attributes	ARM_ATTRIBUTES	0x0	0x1423c	0x10	0x0	0x0		1
.shstrtab	STRTAB	0x0	0x1424c	0x5d	0x0	0x0		1

Program Segments

Type	Offset	Virtual Address	Physical Address	File Size	Memory Size	Entropy	Flags	Flags Description	Align	Section Mappings
LOAD	0x0	0x8000	0x8000	0x13980	0x13980	6.1534	0x5	R E	0x8000	.init .text .fini .rodata
LOAD	0x14004	0x24004	0x24000	0x238	0xa95c	2.4351	0x6	RW	0x8000	.init_array .fini_array .got .data .bss
GNU_STACK	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0	0.0000	0x7	RWE	0x4

Network Behavior

Network Port Distribution

UDP Packets

Timestamp	Source Port	Dest Port	Source IP	Dest IP
Oct 12, 2024 17:13:29.279434919 CEST	46581	53	192.168.2.13	1.1.1.1
Oct 12, 2024 17:13:29.279527903 CEST	43488	53	192.168.2.13	1.1.1.1
Oct 12, 2024 17:13:29.287123919 CEST	53	46581	1.1.1.1	192.168.2.13
Oct 12, 2024 17:13:29.287750959 CEST	53	43488	1.1.1.1	192.168.2.13

DNS Queries

Timestamp	Source IP	Dest IP	Trans ID	OP Code	Name	Type	Class	DNS over HTTPS
Oct 12, 2024 17:13:29.279434919 CEST	192.168.2.13	1.1.1.1	0x2644	Standard query (0)	daisy.ubuntu.com	A (IP address)	IN (0x0001)	false
Oct 12, 2024 17:13:29.279527903 CEST	192.168.2.13	1.1.1.1	0xa5b7	Standard query (0)	daisy.ubuntu.com	28	IN (0x0001)	false

DNS Answers

Timestamp	Source IP	Dest IP	Trans ID	Reply Code	Name	CName	Address	Type	Class	DNS over HTTPS
Oct 12, 2024 17:13:29.287123919 CEST	1.1.1.1	192.168.2.13	0x2644	No error (0)	daisy.ubuntu.com		162.213.35.24	A (IP address)	IN (0x0001)	false
Oct 12, 2024 17:13:29.287123919 CEST	1.1.1.1	192.168.2.13	0x2644	No error (0)	daisy.ubuntu.com		162.213.35.25	A (IP address)	IN (0x0001)	false

System Behavior

Analysis Process: na.elf PID: 5477, Parent PID: 5404

General

Start time (UTC):	15:13:27
Start date (UTC):	12/10/2024
Path:	/tmp/na.elf
Arguments:	/tmp/na.elf
File size:	4956856 bytes
MD5 hash:	5ebfcae4fe2471fcc5695c2394773ff1

Description:	Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of security software, configurations, defensive tools, and sensors that are installed on a system or in a cloud environment. This may include things such as firewall rules and anti-virus. Adversaries may use the information from Security Software Discovery during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether or not the adversary fully infects the target and/or attempts specific actions.
Tactics:	Discovery
Data Sources:	Command: Command Execution, Firewall: Firewall Enumeration, Firewall: Firewall Metadata, Process: OS API Execution, Process: Process Creation
Platforms:	Azure AD, Google Workspace, IaaS, Linux, macOS, Office 365, SaaS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may use an OSI non-application layer protocol for communication between host and C2 server or among infected hosts within a network. The list of possible protocols is extensive.Specific examples include use of network layer protocols, such as the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP), transport layer protocols, such as the User Datagram Protocol (UDP), session layer protocols, such as Socket Secure (SOCKS), as well as redirected/tunneled protocols, such as Serial over LAN (SOL).
Tactics:	Command and Control
Data Sources:	Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Network, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may communicate using OSI application layer protocols to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic. Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server.
Tactics:	Command and Control
Data Sources:	Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Behavior Section

Behavior Chronological

Disassembly

Uncategorized

Graph

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Linux Analysis Report na.elf

Overview

General Information

Detection

Signatures

Classification

General Information

Runtime Messages

Process Tree

Malware Threat Intel

Yara Signatures

Initial Sample

Memory Dumps

Suricata Signatures

Joe Sandbox Signatures

AV Detection

Networking

System Summary

Malware Analysis System Evasion

Stealing of Sensitive Information

Remote Access Functionality

Mitre Att&ck Matrix

Malware Configuration

Behavior Graph

Antivirus, Machine Learning and Genetic Malware Detection

Initial Sample

Dropped Files

Domains

URLs

Domains and IPs

Contacted Domains

World Map of Contacted IPs

Joe Sandbox View / Context

IPs

Domains

ASNs

JA3 Fingerprints

Dropped Files

Created / dropped Files

Static File Info

General

Static ELF Info

ELF header

Sections

Program Segments

Network Behavior

Network Port Distribution

UDP Packets

DNS Queries

DNS Answers

System Behavior

Analysis Process: na.elf PID: 5477, Parent PID: 5404

General

Chronological Activities

Linux Analysis Report
na.elf