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Linux Analysis Report
na.elf

Overview

General Information

Sample name:	na.elf
Analysis ID:	1528828
MD5:	cf908a0717963422532a19539e6f4899
SHA1:	f638142460df000c916f9f727f37e8b2e5751d84
SHA256:	fbb46b56778e191d4e1f7a61d224557f282e0f812bec8d1d548041c870a039b1
Tags:	elfMiraiuser-abuse_ch
Infos:

Detection

Score:	48
Range:	0 - 100
Whitelisted:	false

Signatures

Multi AV Scanner detection for submitted file

Executes the "rm" command used to delete files or directories

Found strings indicative of a multi-platform dropper

Sample has stripped symbol table

Tries to connect to HTTP servers, but all servers are down (expired dropper behavior)

Uses the "uname" system call to query kernel version information (possible evasion)

Classification

General Information

Joe Sandbox version:	41.0.0 Charoite
Analysis ID:	1528828
Start date and time:	2024-10-08 11:27:13 +02:00
Joe Sandbox product:	CloudBasic
Overall analysis duration:	0h 4m 45s
Hypervisor based Inspection enabled:	false
Report type:	full
Cookbook file name:	defaultlinuxfilecookbook.jbs
Analysis system description:	Ubuntu Linux 20.04 x64 (Kernel 5.4.0-72, Firefox 91.0, Evince Document Viewer 3.36.10, LibreOffice 6.4.7.2, OpenJDK 11.0.11)
Analysis Mode:	default
Sample name:	na.elf
Detection:	MAL
Classification:	mal48.linELF@0/0@0/0

Runtime Messages

Command:	/tmp/na.elf
PID:	6264
Exit Code:	1
Exit Code Info:
Killed:	False
Standard Output:
Standard Error:

Process Tree

system is lnxubuntu20

dash New Fork (PID: 6234, Parent: 4332)

rm (PID: 6234, Parent: 4332, MD5: aa2b5496fdbfd88e38791ab81f90b95b) Arguments: rm -f /tmp/tmp.jFYWf2ZOp0 /tmp/tmp.dyJhbLDI6k /tmp/tmp.6fHhJDi2GF

dash New Fork (PID: 6235, Parent: 4332)

rm (PID: 6235, Parent: 4332, MD5: aa2b5496fdbfd88e38791ab81f90b95b) Arguments: rm -f /tmp/tmp.jFYWf2ZOp0 /tmp/tmp.dyJhbLDI6k /tmp/tmp.6fHhJDi2GF

na.elf (PID: 6264, Parent: 6165, MD5: cd177594338c77b895ae27c33f8f86cc) Arguments: /tmp/na.elf

cleanup

String: %s/%s/exe/usr/lib/systemd/systemd/usr/sbin/cron/usr/lib/policykit-1/polkitd/usr/bin/dbus-daemon/usr/lib/openssh/sshd/usr/bin/systemctl/usr/bin/bash/usr/sbin/sshd/usr/sbin/init/usr/sbin/apache2/usr/sbin/nginx/usr/sbin/dovecot/usr/sbin/postfix/usr/bin/vim/bin/sh/usr/sbin/snapd/bin/systemd/usr/bin/sudo/usr/sbin/rsyslogd/bin/kmod/usr/bin/wget/usr/bin/curl.S.Sx86_64.Sx86.Sppc.Sspc.Ssh4.Smpsl.Smips.Sarm7.Sarm6.Sarm5.Sarmkthreaddkworkermigrationidle_injectcpuhpksoftirqdoom_reaperkswapd0ksmdkhugepagedirqgjg*iavmwtvmrepa*jap

Source: global traffic	TCP traffic: 192.168.2.23:43928 -> 91.189.91.42:443
Source: global traffic	TCP traffic: 192.168.2.23:42516 -> 109.202.202.202:80
Source: global traffic	TCP traffic: 192.168.2.23:42836 -> 91.189.91.43:443

Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.42
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 109.202.202.202
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.43
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.42
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.43
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 109.202.202.202
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.42

Source: unknown	Network traffic detected: HTTP traffic on port 43928 -> 443
Source: unknown	Network traffic detected: HTTP traffic on port 42836 -> 443

Source: ELF static info symbol of initial sample

.symtab present: no

Source: classification engine

Classification label: mal48.linELF@0/0@0/0

Source: /usr/bin/dash (PID: 6234)	Rm executable: /usr/bin/rm -> rm -f /tmp/tmp.jFYWf2ZOp0 /tmp/tmp.dyJhbLDI6k /tmp/tmp.6fHhJDi2GF			Jump to behavior
Source: /usr/bin/dash (PID: 6235)	Rm executable: /usr/bin/rm -> rm -f /tmp/tmp.jFYWf2ZOp0 /tmp/tmp.dyJhbLDI6k /tmp/tmp.6fHhJDi2GF			Jump to behavior

Source: /tmp/na.elf (PID: 6264)

Queries kernel information via 'uname':

Jump to behavior

Source: na.elf, 6264.1.00007ffd62613000.00007ffd62634000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: x86_64/usr/bin/qemu-m68k/tmp/na.elfSUDO_USER=saturninoPATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/snap/binDISPLAY=:1.0XAUTHORITY=/run/user/1000/gdm/XauthoritySUDO_UID=1000TERM=xterm-256colorCOLORTERM=truecolorLOGNAME=rootUSER=rootLANG=en_US.UTF-8SUDO_COMMAND=/bin/bashHOME=/rootMAIL=/var/mail/rootSUDO_GID=1000SHELL=/bin/bash/tmp/na.elf
Source: na.elf, 6264.1.000055893eea9000.000055893ef0d000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: U!/etc/qemu-binfmt/m68k
Source: na.elf, 6264.1.00007ffd62613000.00007ffd62634000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: /usr/bin/qemu-m68k
Source: na.elf, 6264.1.000055893eea9000.000055893ef0d000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: /etc/qemu-binfmt/m68k

Mitre Att&ck Matrix

Reconnaissance	Resource Development	Initial Access	Execution	Persistence	Privilege Escalation	Defense Evasion	Credential Access	Discovery	Lateral Movement	Collection	Command and Control	Exfiltration	Impact
Gather Victim Identity Information	1 Scripting	Valid Accounts	Windows Management Instrumentation	1 Scripting	Path Interception	1 File Deletion	OS Credential Dumping	11 Security Software Discovery	Remote Services	Data from Local System	1 Encrypted Channel	Exfiltration Over Other Network Medium	Abuse Accessibility Features
Credentials	Domains	Default Accounts	Scheduled Task/Job	Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts	Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts	Rootkit	LSASS Memory	Application Window Discovery	Remote Desktop Protocol	Data from Removable Media	1 Application Layer Protocol	Exfiltration Over Bluetooth	Network Denial of Service

Malware Configuration

⊘No configs have been found

Behavior Graph

Hide Legend

Legend:

Process
Signature
Created File
DNS/IP Info
Is Dropped
Number of created Files
Is malicious
Internet

Antivirus, Machine Learning and Genetic Malware Detection

Initial Sample

Source	Detection	Scanner	Label	Link
na.elf	50%	ReversingLabs	Linux.Trojan.Mirai
na.elf	37%	Virustotal		Browse

No. of IPs < 25%
25% < No. of IPs < 50%
50% < No. of IPs < 75%
75% < No. of IPs

Public IPs

IP	Domain	Country	ASN	ASN Name	Malicious
109.202.202.202	unknown	Switzerland	13030	INIT7CH	false
91.189.91.43	unknown	United Kingdom	41231	CANONICAL-ASGB	false
91.189.91.42	unknown	United Kingdom	41231	CANONICAL-ASGB	false

Joe Sandbox View / Context

IPs

Match	Associated Sample Name / URL	SHA 256	Detection	Threat Name	Link	Context
109.202.202.202	kpLwzBouH4.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	ch.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/f/firefox/firefox_92.0%2bbuild3-0ubuntu0.20.04.1_amd64.deb
91.189.91.43	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
91.189.91.42	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse

Domains

⊘No context

ASNs

Match	Associated Sample Name / URL	SHA 256	Detection	Threat Name	Link	Context
CANONICAL-ASGB	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	185.125.190.26
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	185.125.190.26
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	185.125.190.26
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	185.125.190.26
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
CANONICAL-ASGB	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	185.125.190.26
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	185.125.190.26
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	185.125.190.26
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	185.125.190.26
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
INIT7CH	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	109.202.202.202

File type:	ELF 32-bit MSB executable, Motorola m68k, 68020, version 1 (SYSV), statically linked, stripped
Entropy (8bit):	6.23142092094894
TrID:	ELF Executable and Linkable format (generic) (4004/1) 100.00%
File name:	na.elf
File size:	89'100 bytes
MD5:	cf908a0717963422532a19539e6f4899
SHA1:	f638142460df000c916f9f727f37e8b2e5751d84
SHA256:	fbb46b56778e191d4e1f7a61d224557f282e0f812bec8d1d548041c870a039b1
SHA512:	c20f579d7d5a28ca02d2ed9240fc2bc17481f7db97fd46d62ea67ce882e317f6b6befe457bb470922d2fd21f13be720f2b1c71f10977826565da564122dcf13f
SSDEEP:	1536:oT2eYgM6MgZwZPNnOaaqjO8F4y1HeNjgMulgcdkLjf/UN7+LTt09vW:KWgMc6PNn9JjCy1HeNAlfdk/pLTt09vW
TLSH:	F19329D7F800DD7DF80ED77B44634A06B671A39109831F3A6357BA67EC721A84862F86
File Content Preview:	.ELF.......................D...4..Z\|.....4. ...(......................U...U....... .......U...u...u....d..&x...... .dt.Q............................NV..a....da...;.N^NuNV..J9..z<f>"y..u. QJ.g.X.#...u.N."y..u. QJ.f.A.....J.g.Hy..U.N.X.......z<N^NuNV..N^NuN

Static ELF Info

ELF header
Class:	ELF32
Data:	2's complement, big endian
Version:	1 (current)
Machine:	MC68000
Version Number:	0x1
Type:	EXEC (Executable file)
OS/ABI:	UNIX - System V
ABI Version:	0
Entry Point Address:	0x80000144
Flags:	0x0
ELF Header Size:	52
Program Header Offset:	52
Program Header Size:	32
Number of Program Headers:	3
Section Header Offset:	88700
Section Header Size:	40
Number of Section Headers:	10
Header String Table Index:	9

Sections

Name	Type	Address	Offset	Size	EntSize	Flags	Flags Description	Align
	NULL	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0		0
.init	PROGBITS	0x80000094	0x94	0x14	0x0	0x6	AX	2
.text	PROGBITS	0x800000a8	0xa8	0x13b46	0x0	0x6	AX	4
.fini	PROGBITS	0x80013bee	0x13bee	0xe	0x0	0x6	AX	2
.rodata	PROGBITS	0x80013bfc	0x13bfc	0x19d5	0x0	0x2	A	2
.ctors	PROGBITS	0x800175d8	0x155d8	0x8	0x0	0x3	WA	4
.dtors	PROGBITS	0x800175e0	0x155e0	0x8	0x0	0x3	WA	4
.data	PROGBITS	0x800175ec	0x155ec	0x450	0x0	0x3	WA	4
.bss	NOBITS	0x80017a3c	0x15a3c	0x2214	0x0	0x3	WA	4
.shstrtab	STRTAB	0x0	0x15a3c	0x3e	0x0	0x0		1

Program Segments

Type	Offset	Virtual Address	Physical Address	File Size	Memory Size	Entropy	Flags	Flags Description	Align	Section Mappings
LOAD	0x0	0x80000000	0x80000000	0x155d1	0x155d1	6.2541	0x5	R E	0x2000	.init .text .fini .rodata
LOAD	0x155d8	0x800175d8	0x800175d8	0x464	0x2678	3.7567	0x6	RW	0x2000	.ctors .dtors .data .bss
GNU_STACK	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0	0.0000	0x6	RW	0x4

Timestamp	Source Port	Dest Port	Source IP	Dest IP
Oct 8, 2024 11:28:14.620829105 CEST	43928	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.42
Oct 8, 2024 11:28:18.460315943 CEST	42516	80	192.168.2.23	109.202.202.202
Oct 8, 2024 11:28:19.996177912 CEST	42836	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.43
Oct 8, 2024 11:28:36.122065067 CEST	43928	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.42
Oct 8, 2024 11:28:46.360620975 CEST	42836	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.43
Oct 8, 2024 11:28:48.408319950 CEST	42516	80	192.168.2.23	109.202.202.202
Oct 8, 2024 11:29:17.076531887 CEST	43928	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.42

System Behavior

Analysis Process: dash PID: 6234, Parent PID: 4332

General

Start time (UTC):	09:28:08
Start date (UTC):	08/10/2024
Path:	/usr/bin/dash
Arguments:	-
File size:	129816 bytes
MD5 hash:	1e6b1c887c59a315edb7eb9a315fc84c

Start time (UTC):	09:28:08
Start date (UTC):	08/10/2024
Path:	/usr/bin/rm
Arguments:	rm -f /tmp/tmp.jFYWf2ZOp0 /tmp/tmp.dyJhbLDI6k /tmp/tmp.6fHhJDi2GF
File size:	72056 bytes
MD5 hash:	aa2b5496fdbfd88e38791ab81f90b95b

Start time (UTC):	09:28:08
Start date (UTC):	08/10/2024
Path:	/usr/bin/dash
Arguments:	-
File size:	129816 bytes
MD5 hash:	1e6b1c887c59a315edb7eb9a315fc84c

Start time (UTC):	09:28:08
Start date (UTC):	08/10/2024
Path:	/usr/bin/rm
Arguments:	rm -f /tmp/tmp.jFYWf2ZOp0 /tmp/tmp.dyJhbLDI6k /tmp/tmp.6fHhJDi2GF
File size:	72056 bytes
MD5 hash:	aa2b5496fdbfd88e38791ab81f90b95b

Start time (UTC):	09:28:13
Start date (UTC):	08/10/2024
Path:	/tmp/na.elf
Arguments:	/tmp/na.elf
File size:	4463432 bytes
MD5 hash:	cd177594338c77b895ae27c33f8f86cc

Source: na.elf	ReversingLabs: Detection: 50%
Source: na.elf	Virustotal: Detection: 37%			Perma Link

Description:	This technique has been deprecated. Please use Command and Scripting Interpreter where appropriate.
Tactics:	Defense Evasion, Execution
Data Sources:
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may delete files left behind by the actions of their intrusion activity. Malware, tools, or other non-native files dropped or created on a system by an adversary (ex: Ingress Tool Transfer ) may leave traces to indicate to what was done within a network and how. Removal of these files can occur during an intrusion, or as part of a post-intrusion process to minimize the adversary's footprint.
Tactics:	Defense Evasion
Data Sources:	Command: Command Execution, File: File Deletion
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of security software, configurations, defensive tools, and sensors that are installed on a system or in a cloud environment. This may include things such as firewall rules and anti-virus. Adversaries may use the information from Security Software Discovery during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether or not the adversary fully infects the target and/or attempts specific actions.
Tactics:	Discovery
Data Sources:	Command: Command Execution, Firewall: Firewall Enumeration, Firewall: Firewall Metadata, Process: OS API Execution, Process: Process Creation
Platforms:	Azure AD, Google Workspace, IaaS, Linux, macOS, Office 365, SaaS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may employ a known encryption algorithm to conceal command and control traffic rather than relying on any inherent protections provided by a communication protocol. Despite the use of a secure algorithm, these implementations may be vulnerable to reverse engineering if secret keys are encoded and/or generated within malware samples/configuration files.
Tactics:	Command and Control
Data Sources:	Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may communicate using OSI application layer protocols to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic. Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server.
Tactics:	Command and Control
Data Sources:	Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Behavior Section

Behavior Chronological

Disassembly

Uncategorized

Graph

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Linux Analysis Report na.elf

Overview

General Information

Detection

Signatures

Classification

General Information

Runtime Messages

Process Tree

Yara Signatures

Suricata Signatures

Joe Sandbox Signatures

AV Detection

Spreading

Networking

System Summary

Persistence and Installation Behavior

Malware Analysis System Evasion

Mitre Att&ck Matrix

Malware Configuration

Behavior Graph

Antivirus, Machine Learning and Genetic Malware Detection

Initial Sample

Dropped Files

Domains

URLs

Domains and IPs

Contacted Domains

World Map of Contacted IPs

Public IPs

Joe Sandbox View / Context

IPs

Domains

ASNs

JA3 Fingerprints

Dropped Files

Created / dropped Files

Static File Info

General

Static ELF Info

ELF header

Sections

Program Segments

Network Behavior

Network Port Distribution

TCP Packets

System Behavior

Analysis Process: dash PID: 6234, Parent PID: 4332

General

Chronological Activities

Analysis Process: rm PID: 6234, Parent PID: 4332

General

Chronological Activities

Analysis Process: dash PID: 6235, Parent PID: 4332

General

Chronological Activities

Analysis Process: rm PID: 6235, Parent PID: 4332

General

Chronological Activities

Analysis Process: na.elf PID: 6264, Parent PID: 6165

General

Chronological Activities

Linux Analysis Report
na.elf