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Linux Analysis Report
firmware.armv6l.elf

Overview

General Information

Sample name:	firmware.armv6l.elf
Analysis ID:	1502465
MD5:	a14e13e16b822284d006a755f132a17e
SHA1:	42e8a91f093212053401815d522ed36a70cd32f3
SHA256:	9e7da9d24946f406d9fddc474724f9889187094680021e620afef81fb18c6f6d
Tags:	elffirmware
Infos:

Detection

Score:	64
Range:	0 - 100
Whitelisted:	false

Signatures

Antivirus / Scanner detection for submitted sample

Malicious sample detected (through community Yara rule)

Multi AV Scanner detection for submitted file

Sample has stripped symbol table

Uses the "uname" system call to query kernel version information (possible evasion)

Yara signature match

Classification

General Information

Joe Sandbox version:	40.0.0 Tourmaline
Analysis ID:	1502465
Start date and time:	2024-09-01 17:43:13 +02:00
Joe Sandbox product:	CloudBasic
Overall analysis duration:	0h 4m 39s
Hypervisor based Inspection enabled:	false
Report type:	full
Cookbook file name:	defaultlinuxfilecookbook.jbs
Analysis system description:	Ubuntu Linux 20.04 x64 (Kernel 5.4.0-72, Firefox 91.0, Evince Document Viewer 3.36.10, LibreOffice 6.4.7.2, OpenJDK 11.0.11)
Analysis Mode:	default
Sample name:	firmware.armv6l.elf
Detection:	MAL
Classification:	mal64.linELF@0/0@2/0

Runtime Messages

Command:	/tmp/firmware.armv6l.elf
PID:	5635
Exit Code:	139
Exit Code Info:	SIGSEGV (11) Segmentation fault invalid memory reference
Killed:	False
Standard Output:
Standard Error:	qemu: uncaught target signal 11 (Segmentation fault) - core dumped

Process Tree

system is lnxubuntu20

firmware.armv6l.elf (PID: 5635, Parent: 5563, MD5: 5ebfcae4fe2471fcc5695c2394773ff1) Arguments: /tmp/firmware.armv6l.elf

cleanup

Yara Signatures

Initial Sample

Source	Rule	Description	Author	Strings
firmware.armv6l.elf	Mirai_Botnet_Malware	Detects Mirai Botnet Malware	Florian Roth	0x1a3a4:$s1: LCOGQGPTGP 0x19de8:$s3: CFOKLKQVPCVMP 0x1a024:$s4: QWRGPTKQMP 0x19f94:$s5: HWCLVGAJ

Memory Dumps

Source	Rule	Description	Author	Strings
5635.1.00007fef60017000.00007fef60034000.r-x.sdmp	Mirai_Botnet_Malware	Detects Mirai Botnet Malware	Florian Roth	0x1a3a4:$s1: LCOGQGPTGP 0x19de8:$s3: CFOKLKQVPCVMP 0x1a024:$s4: QWRGPTKQMP 0x19f94:$s5: HWCLVGAJ

Suricata Signatures

⊘No Suricata rule has matched

Joe Sandbox Signatures

Click to jump to signature section

Show All Signature Results

AV Detection

Antivirus / Scanner detection for submitted sample

Source: firmware.armv6l.elf

Avira: detected

Multi AV Scanner detection for submitted file

Source: firmware.armv6l.elf	ReversingLabs: Detection: 52%
Source: firmware.armv6l.elf	Virustotal: Detection: 54%			Perma Link

Source: unknown	UDP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 1.1.1.1
Source: unknown	UDP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 1.1.1.1

Source: global traffic

DNS traffic detected: DNS query: daisy.ubuntu.com

System Summary

Malicious sample detected (through community Yara rule)

Source: firmware.armv6l.elf, type: SAMPLE	Matched rule: Detects Mirai Botnet Malware Author: Florian Roth
Source: 5635.1.00007fef60017000.00007fef60034000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORY	Matched rule: Detects Mirai Botnet Malware Author: Florian Roth

Source: ELF static info symbol of initial sample

.symtab present: no

Source: firmware.armv6l.elf, type: SAMPLE	Matched rule: Mirai_Botnet_Malware date = 2016-10-04, hash5 = 420bf9215dfb04e5008c5e522eee9946599e2b323b17f17919cd802ebb012175, hash4 = 2efa09c124f277be2199bee58f49fc0ce6c64c0bef30079dfb3d94a6de492a69, hash3 = 20683ff7a5fec1237fc09224af40be029b9548c62c693844624089af568c89d4, hash2 = 05c78c3052b390435e53a87e3d31e9fb17f7c76bb4df2814313bca24735ce81c, hash1 = 05c78c3052b390435e53a87e3d31e9fb17f7c76bb4df2814313bca24735ce81c, author = Florian Roth, description = Detects Mirai Botnet Malware, hash10 = c61bf95146c68bfbbe01d7695337ed0e93ea759f59f651799f07eecdb339f83f, hash11 = d9573c3850e2ae35f371dff977fc3e5282a5e67db8e3274fd7818e8273fd5c89, hash12 = f1100c84abff05e0501e77781160d9815628e7fd2de9e53f5454dbcac7c84ca5, hash9 = bf0471b37dba7939524a30d7d5afc8fcfb8d4a7c9954343196737e72ea4e2dc4, hash8 = 89570ae59462e6472b6769545a999bde8457e47ae0d385caaa3499ab735b8147, hash7 = 70bb0ec35dd9afcfd52ec4e1d920e7045dc51dca0573cd4c753987c9d79405c0, hash6 = 62cdc8b7fffbaf5683a466f6503c03e68a15413a90f6afd5a13ba027631460c6, reference = Internal Research, license = https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/, hash13 = fb713ccf839362bf0fbe01aedd6796f4d74521b133011b408e42c1fd9ab8246b
Source: 5635.1.00007fef60017000.00007fef60034000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORY	Matched rule: Mirai_Botnet_Malware date = 2016-10-04, hash5 = 420bf9215dfb04e5008c5e522eee9946599e2b323b17f17919cd802ebb012175, hash4 = 2efa09c124f277be2199bee58f49fc0ce6c64c0bef30079dfb3d94a6de492a69, hash3 = 20683ff7a5fec1237fc09224af40be029b9548c62c693844624089af568c89d4, hash2 = 05c78c3052b390435e53a87e3d31e9fb17f7c76bb4df2814313bca24735ce81c, hash1 = 05c78c3052b390435e53a87e3d31e9fb17f7c76bb4df2814313bca24735ce81c, author = Florian Roth, description = Detects Mirai Botnet Malware, hash10 = c61bf95146c68bfbbe01d7695337ed0e93ea759f59f651799f07eecdb339f83f, hash11 = d9573c3850e2ae35f371dff977fc3e5282a5e67db8e3274fd7818e8273fd5c89, hash12 = f1100c84abff05e0501e77781160d9815628e7fd2de9e53f5454dbcac7c84ca5, hash9 = bf0471b37dba7939524a30d7d5afc8fcfb8d4a7c9954343196737e72ea4e2dc4, hash8 = 89570ae59462e6472b6769545a999bde8457e47ae0d385caaa3499ab735b8147, hash7 = 70bb0ec35dd9afcfd52ec4e1d920e7045dc51dca0573cd4c753987c9d79405c0, hash6 = 62cdc8b7fffbaf5683a466f6503c03e68a15413a90f6afd5a13ba027631460c6, reference = Internal Research, license = https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/, hash13 = fb713ccf839362bf0fbe01aedd6796f4d74521b133011b408e42c1fd9ab8246b

Source: classification engine

Classification label: mal64.linELF@0/0@2/0

Source: /tmp/firmware.armv6l.elf (PID: 5635)

Queries kernel information via 'uname':

Jump to behavior

Source: firmware.armv6l.elf, 5635.1.000055a7b1e17000.000055a7b1f45000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: U!/etc/qemu-binfmt/arm
Source: firmware.armv6l.elf, 5635.1.00007ffc74576000.00007ffc74597000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: x86_64/usr/bin/qemu-arm/tmp/firmware.armv6l.elfSUDO_USER=saturninoPATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/snap/binDISPLAY=:1.0XAUTHORITY=/run/user/1000/gdm/XauthoritySUDO_UID=1000TERM=xterm-256colorCOLORTERM=truecolorLOGNAME=rootUSER=rootLANG=en_US.UTF-8SUDO_COMMAND=/bin/bashHOME=/rootMAIL=/var/mail/rootSUDO_GID=1000SHELL=/bin/bash/tmp/firmware.armv6l.elf
Source: firmware.armv6l.elf, 5635.1.000055a7b1e17000.000055a7b1f45000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: /etc/qemu-binfmt/arm
Source: firmware.armv6l.elf, 5635.1.00007ffc74576000.00007ffc74597000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: /usr/bin/qemu-arm
Source: firmware.armv6l.elf, 5635.1.00007ffc74576000.00007ffc74597000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: qemu: uncaught target signal 11 (Segmentation fault) - core dumped

Mitre Att&ck Matrix

Reconnaissance	Resource Development	Initial Access	Execution	Persistence	Privilege Escalation	Defense Evasion	Credential Access	Discovery	Lateral Movement	Collection	Command and Control	Exfiltration	Impact
Gather Victim Identity Information	Acquire Infrastructure	Valid Accounts	Windows Management Instrumentation	Path Interception	Path Interception	Direct Volume Access	OS Credential Dumping	11 Security Software Discovery	Remote Services	Data from Local System	1 Non-Application Layer Protocol	Exfiltration Over Other Network Medium	Abuse Accessibility Features
Credentials	Domains	Default Accounts	Scheduled Task/Job	Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts	Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts	Rootkit	LSASS Memory	Application Window Discovery	Remote Desktop Protocol	Data from Removable Media	1 Application Layer Protocol	Exfiltration Over Bluetooth	Network Denial of Service

Malware Configuration

⊘No configs have been found

Behavior Graph

Hide Legend

Legend:

Process
Signature
Created File
DNS/IP Info
Is Dropped
Number of created Files
Is malicious
Internet

Antivirus, Machine Learning and Genetic Malware Detection

Initial Sample

Source	Detection	Scanner	Label	Link
firmware.armv6l.elf	53%	ReversingLabs	Linux.Backdoor.Mirai
firmware.armv6l.elf	55%	Virustotal		Browse
firmware.armv6l.elf	100%	Avira	LINUX/Mirai.bonb

Dropped Files

⊘No Antivirus matches

Domains

Source	Detection	Scanner	Label	Link
daisy.ubuntu.com	0%	Virustotal		Browse

URLs

⊘No Antivirus matches

Domains and IPs

Contacted Domains

Name	IP	Active	Malicious	Antivirus Detection	Reputation
daisy.ubuntu.com	162.213.35.25	true	false	0%, Virustotal, Browse	unknown

World Map of Contacted IPs

⊘No contacted IP infos

Joe Sandbox View / Context

IPs

⊘No context

Domains

Match	Associated Sample Name / URL	SHA 256	Detection	Threat Name	Link	Context
daisy.ubuntu.com	firmware.i586.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	162.213.35.25
	firmware.mips.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	162.213.35.25
	firmware.mipsel.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	162.213.35.25
	firmware.powerpc.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	162.213.35.24
	firmware.arm-linux-gnueabihf.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	162.213.35.25
	firmware.sparc.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	162.213.35.24
	SecuriteInfo.com.Linux.Siggen.9999.5622.5080.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	162.213.35.25
	SecuriteInfo.com.Linux.Siggen.9999.12346.8960.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	162.213.35.25
	SecuriteInfo.com.Linux.Siggen.9999.18582.17843.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	162.213.35.25
	SecuriteInfo.com.Linux.Siggen.9999.127.12108.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	162.213.35.25

ASNs

⊘No context

JA3 Fingerprints

⊘No context

Dropped Files

⊘No context

Created / dropped Files

⊘No created / dropped files found

Static File Info

General

File type:	ELF 32-bit LSB executable, ARM, EABI4 version 1 (SYSV), statically linked, stripped
Entropy (8bit):	6.18611666156968
TrID:	ELF Executable and Linkable format (generic) (4004/1) 100.00%
File name:	firmware.armv6l.elf
File size:	116'356 bytes
MD5:	a14e13e16b822284d006a755f132a17e
SHA1:	42e8a91f093212053401815d522ed36a70cd32f3
SHA256:	9e7da9d24946f406d9fddc474724f9889187094680021e620afef81fb18c6f6d
SHA512:	e59a59c1a88b71223d9b8d39a2dec06dc25db441bc627c5a2b0dff9815da0398f4e2f637978697fbfcee5dff1b202561987f7176d3164d6ac621f33b15bcaefa
SSDEEP:	3072:H0Pwprq8efu0AP0EnCGZI+PZeMvaRULDGDFxMR8N8:H7prJ2Aw+PZbvaQCFxxN
TLSH:	3AB31846B8818B11C5C612BBFA1E118D331367ACD3DE7213DE189F2477CB96A0E7B952
File Content Preview:	.ELF..............(.....T...4...........4. ...(.........................................................H...........Q.td..................................-...L..................@-.,@...0....S..... 0....S.........../..0...0...@..../.0.............-.@0....S

Static ELF Info

ELF header
Class:	ELF32
Data:	2's complement, little endian
Version:	1 (current)
Machine:	ARM
Version Number:	0x1
Type:	EXEC (Executable file)
OS/ABI:	UNIX - System V
ABI Version:	0
Entry Point Address:	0x8154
Flags:	0x4000002
ELF Header Size:	52
Program Header Offset:	52
Program Header Size:	32
Number of Program Headers:	3
Section Header Offset:	115876
Section Header Size:	40
Number of Section Headers:	12
Header String Table Index:	11

Sections

Name	Type	Address	Offset	Size	EntSize	Flags	Flags Description	Align
	NULL	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0		0
.init	PROGBITS	0x8094	0x94	0x10	0x0	0x6	AX	4
.text	PROGBITS	0x80b0	0xb0	0x19a24	0x0	0x6	AX	16
.fini	PROGBITS	0x21ad4	0x19ad4	0x10	0x0	0x6	AX	4
.rodata	PROGBITS	0x21ae8	0x19ae8	0x262c	0x0	0x2	A	8
.init_array	INIT_ARRAY	0x2c118	0x1c11c	0x4	0x0	0x3	WA	4
.fini_array	FINI_ARRAY	0x2c11c	0x1c120	0x4	0x0	0x3	WA	4
.got	PROGBITS	0x2c124	0x1c128	0x78	0x4	0x3	WA	4
.data	PROGBITS	0x2c19c	0x1c1a0	0x294	0x0	0x3	WA	4
.bss	NOBITS	0x2c430	0x1c434	0x2930	0x0	0x3	WA	4
.ARM.attributes	ARM_ATTRIBUTES	0x0	0x1c434	0x10	0x0	0x0		1
.shstrtab	STRTAB	0x0	0x1c444	0x5d	0x0	0x0		1

Program Segments

Type	Offset	Virtual Address	Physical Address	File Size	Memory Size	Entropy	Flags	Flags Description	Align	Section Mappings
LOAD	0x0	0x8000	0x8000	0x1c114	0x1c114	6.1991	0x5	R E	0x8000	.init .text .fini .rodata
LOAD	0x1c118	0x2c118	0x2c114	0x31c	0xac48	3.9873	0x6	RW	0x8000	.init_array .fini_array .got .data .bss
GNU_STACK	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0	0.0000	0x7	RWE	0x4

Network Behavior

Network Port Distribution

UDP Packets

Timestamp	Source Port	Dest Port	Source IP	Dest IP
Sep 1, 2024 17:44:18.869158030 CEST	48495	53	192.168.2.15	1.1.1.1
Sep 1, 2024 17:44:18.869220018 CEST	41571	53	192.168.2.15	1.1.1.1
Sep 1, 2024 17:44:18.877295017 CEST	53	48495	1.1.1.1	192.168.2.15
Sep 1, 2024 17:44:18.877351999 CEST	53	41571	1.1.1.1	192.168.2.15

DNS Queries

Timestamp	Source IP	Dest IP	Trans ID	OP Code	Name	Type	Class	DNS over HTTPS
Sep 1, 2024 17:44:18.869158030 CEST	192.168.2.15	1.1.1.1	0x1c7c	Standard query (0)	daisy.ubuntu.com	A (IP address)	IN (0x0001)	false
Sep 1, 2024 17:44:18.869220018 CEST	192.168.2.15	1.1.1.1	0xc14d	Standard query (0)	daisy.ubuntu.com	28	IN (0x0001)	false

DNS Answers

Timestamp	Source IP	Dest IP	Trans ID	Reply Code	Name	CName	Address	Type	Class	DNS over HTTPS
Sep 1, 2024 17:44:18.877295017 CEST	1.1.1.1	192.168.2.15	0x1c7c	No error (0)	daisy.ubuntu.com		162.213.35.25	A (IP address)	IN (0x0001)	false
Sep 1, 2024 17:44:18.877295017 CEST	1.1.1.1	192.168.2.15	0x1c7c	No error (0)	daisy.ubuntu.com		162.213.35.24	A (IP address)	IN (0x0001)	false

System Behavior

Analysis Process: firmware.armv6l.elf PID: 5635, Parent PID: 5563

General

Start time (UTC):	15:44:17
Start date (UTC):	01/09/2024
Path:	/tmp/firmware.armv6l.elf
Arguments:	/tmp/firmware.armv6l.elf
File size:	4956856 bytes
MD5 hash:	5ebfcae4fe2471fcc5695c2394773ff1

Description:	Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of security software, configurations, defensive tools, and sensors that are installed on a system or in a cloud environment. This may include things such as firewall rules and anti-virus. Adversaries may use the information from Security Software Discovery during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether or not the adversary fully infects the target and/or attempts specific actions.
Tactics:	Discovery
Data Sources:	Command: Command Execution, Firewall: Firewall Enumeration, Firewall: Firewall Metadata, Process: OS API Execution, Process: Process Creation
Platforms:	Azure AD, Google Workspace, IaaS, Linux, macOS, Office 365, SaaS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may use an OSI non-application layer protocol for communication between host and C2 server or among infected hosts within a network. The list of possible protocols is extensive.Specific examples include use of network layer protocols, such as the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP), transport layer protocols, such as the User Datagram Protocol (UDP), session layer protocols, such as Socket Secure (SOCKS), as well as redirected/tunneled protocols, such as Serial over LAN (SOL).
Tactics:	Command and Control
Data Sources:	Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Network, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may communicate using OSI application layer protocols to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic. Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server.
Tactics:	Command and Control
Data Sources:	Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Behavior Section

Behavior Chronological

Disassembly

Uncategorized

Graph

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Warning!

Linux Analysis Report firmware.armv6l.elf

Overview

General Information

Detection

Signatures

Classification

General Information

Runtime Messages

Process Tree

Yara Signatures

Initial Sample

Memory Dumps

Suricata Signatures

Joe Sandbox Signatures

AV Detection

Networking

System Summary

Malware Analysis System Evasion

Mitre Att&ck Matrix

Malware Configuration

Behavior Graph

Antivirus, Machine Learning and Genetic Malware Detection

Initial Sample

Dropped Files

Domains

URLs

Domains and IPs

Contacted Domains

World Map of Contacted IPs

Joe Sandbox View / Context

IPs

Domains

ASNs

JA3 Fingerprints

Dropped Files

Created / dropped Files

Static File Info

General

Static ELF Info

ELF header

Sections

Program Segments

Network Behavior

Network Port Distribution

UDP Packets

DNS Queries

DNS Answers

System Behavior

Analysis Process: firmware.armv6l.elf PID: 5635, Parent PID: 5563

General

Chronological Activities

Linux Analysis Report
firmware.armv6l.elf