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Linux Analysis Report
mpsl.elf

Overview

General Information

Sample name:	mpsl.elf
Analysis ID:	1675605
MD5:	e715b7a0cdbc48ac2c3cd57b7a95d5df
SHA1:	20f5df82fedeab48e9b50b77c56767cd4f737d76
SHA256:	cdb4ef85aa771bf99a4532e8c0c33e232708e12a073dab833956b8fe1bff2cd6
Tags:	elfuser-abuse_ch
Infos:

Detection

Score:	56
Range:	0 - 100

Signatures

Antivirus / Scanner detection for submitted sample

Multi AV Scanner detection for submitted file

Sample has stripped symbol table

Tries to connect to HTTP servers, but all servers are down (expired dropper behavior)

Uses the "uname" system call to query kernel version information (possible evasion)

Classification

General Information

Joe Sandbox version:	42.0.0 Malachite
Analysis ID:	1675605
Start date and time:	2025-04-27 21:27:23 +02:00
Joe Sandbox product:	CloudBasic
Overall analysis duration:	0h 4m 26s
Hypervisor based Inspection enabled:	false
Report type:	full
Cookbook file name:	defaultlinuxfilecookbook.jbs
Analysis system description:	Ubuntu Linux 20.04 x64 (Kernel 5.4.0-72, Firefox 91.0, Evince Document Viewer 3.36.10, LibreOffice 6.4.7.2, OpenJDK 11.0.11)
Analysis Mode:	default
Sample name:	mpsl.elf
Detection:	MAL
Classification:	mal56.linELF@0/0@0/0

Runtime Messages

Command:	/tmp/mpsl.elf
PID:	6240
Exit Code:	1
Exit Code Info:
Killed:	False
Standard Output:
Standard Error:

Process Tree

system is lnxubuntu20

mpsl.elf (PID: 6240, Parent: 6162, MD5: 0d6f61f82cf2f781c6eb0661071d42d9) Arguments: /tmp/mpsl.elf

cleanup

Yara Signatures

⊘No yara matches

Suricata Signatures

⊘No Suricata rule has matched

Joe Sandbox Signatures

• AV Detection
• Networking
• System Summary
• Malware Analysis System Evasion

Click to jump to signature section

Show All Signature Results

AV Detection

Antivirus / Scanner detection for submitted sample

Source: mpsl.elf

Avira: detected

Multi AV Scanner detection for submitted file

Source: mpsl.elf

ReversingLabs: Detection: 22%

Source: global traffic	TCP traffic: 192.168.2.23:43928 -> 91.189.91.42:443
Source: global traffic	TCP traffic: 192.168.2.23:42836 -> 91.189.91.43:443
Source: global traffic	TCP traffic: 192.168.2.23:42516 -> 109.202.202.202:80

Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.42
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.43
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 109.202.202.202
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.42
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.43
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 109.202.202.202
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.42

Source: unknown	Network traffic detected: HTTP traffic on port 43928 -> 443
Source: unknown	Network traffic detected: HTTP traffic on port 42836 -> 443

Source: ELF static info symbol of initial sample

.symtab present: no

Source: classification engine

Classification label: mal56.linELF@0/0@0/0

Source: /tmp/mpsl.elf (PID: 6240)

Queries kernel information via 'uname':

Jump to behavior

Source: mpsl.elf, 6240.1.000056293071f000.00005629307c6000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: /etc/qemu-binfmt/mipsel
Source: mpsl.elf, 6240.1.000056293071f000.00005629307c6000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: /usr/bin/vmtoolsd
Source: mpsl.elf, 6240.1.000056293071f000.00005629307c6000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: :t0)V@0t0)V!/usr/bin/vmtoolsd
Source: mpsl.elf, 6240.1.000056293071f000.00005629307c6000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: Gs0)V @s0)V!/etc/qemu-binfmt/mipsel
Source: mpsl.elf, 6240.1.00007fff104ea000.00007fff1050b000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: x86_64/usr/bin/qemu-mipsel/tmp/mpsl.elfSUDO_USER=saturninoPATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/snap/binDISPLAY=:1.0XAUTHORITY=/run/user/1000/gdm/XauthoritySUDO_UID=1000TERM=xterm-256colorCOLORTERM=truecolorLOGNAME=rootUSER=rootLANG=en_US.UTF-8SUDO_COMMAND=/bin/bashHOME=/rootMAIL=/var/mail/rootSUDO_GID=1000SHELL=/bin/bash/tmp/mpsl.elf
Source: mpsl.elf, 6240.1.00007fff104ea000.00007fff1050b000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: /usr/bin/qemu-mipsel

Mitre Att&ck Matrix

Reconnaissance	Resource Development	Initial Access	Execution	Persistence	Privilege Escalation	Defense Evasion	Credential Access	Discovery	Lateral Movement	Collection	Command and Control	Exfiltration	Impact
Gather Victim Identity Information	Acquire Infrastructure	Valid Accounts	Windows Management Instrumentation	Path Interception	Path Interception	Direct Volume Access	OS Credential Dumping	11 Security Software Discovery	Remote Services	Data from Local System	1 Encrypted Channel	Exfiltration Over Other Network Medium	Abuse Accessibility Features
Credentials	Domains	Default Accounts	Scheduled Task/Job	Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts	Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts	Rootkit	LSASS Memory	Application Window Discovery	Remote Desktop Protocol	Data from Removable Media	1 Application Layer Protocol	Exfiltration Over Bluetooth	Network Denial of Service

Malware Configuration

⊘No configs have been found

Behavior Graph

Hide Legend

Legend:

Process
Signature
Created File
DNS/IP Info
Is Dropped
Number of created Files
Is malicious
Internet

Antivirus, Machine Learning and Genetic Malware Detection

Initial Sample

Source	Detection	Scanner	Label	Link
mpsl.elf	22%	ReversingLabs	Linux.Backdoor.Gafgyt
mpsl.elf	100%	Avira	LINUX/GM.Mirai.ET

Dropped Files

⊘No Antivirus matches

Domains

⊘No Antivirus matches

URLs

⊘No Antivirus matches

Domains and IPs

Download Network PCAP: filtered – full

Contacted Domains

⊘No contacted domains info

World Map of Contacted IPs

No. of IPs < 25%
25% < No. of IPs < 50%
50% < No. of IPs < 75%
75% < No. of IPs

Public IPs

IP	Domain	Country	ASN	ASN Name	Malicious
109.202.202.202	unknown	Switzerland	13030	INIT7CH	false
91.189.91.43	unknown	United Kingdom	41231	CANONICAL-ASGB	false
91.189.91.42	unknown	United Kingdom	41231	CANONICAL-ASGB	false

Joe Sandbox View / Context

IPs

Match	Associated Sample Name / URL	SHA 256	Detection	Threat Name	Link	Context
109.202.202.202	kpLwzBouH4.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	ch.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/f/firefox/firefox_92.0%2bbuild3-0ubuntu0.20.04.1_amd64.deb
91.189.91.43	kmpsl.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	krm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse
	ppc.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	m68k.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai, Gafgyt, Okiru	Browse
	arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai, Okiru	Browse
	spc.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	arm4.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	.i.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse
91.189.91.42	kmpsl.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	krm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse
	ppc.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	m68k.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai, Gafgyt, Okiru	Browse
	arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai, Okiru	Browse
	spc.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	arm4.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	.i.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse

Domains

⊘No context

ASNs

Match	Associated Sample Name / URL	SHA 256	Detection	Threat Name	Link	Context
CANONICAL-ASGB	kmpsl.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	krm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	mssl.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	185.125.190.26
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse	91.189.91.42
	ppc.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	arm7.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	185.125.190.26
	x86.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	185.125.190.26
	m68k.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai, Gafgyt, Okiru	Browse	91.189.91.42
	arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	arm5.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai, Gafgyt, Okiru	Browse	185.125.190.26
CANONICAL-ASGB	kmpsl.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	krm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	mssl.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	185.125.190.26
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse	91.189.91.42
	ppc.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	arm7.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	185.125.190.26
	x86.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	185.125.190.26
	m68k.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai, Gafgyt, Okiru	Browse	91.189.91.42
	arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	arm5.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai, Gafgyt, Okiru	Browse	185.125.190.26
INIT7CH	kmpsl.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202
	krm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse	109.202.202.202
	ppc.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202
	m68k.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai, Gafgyt, Okiru	Browse	109.202.202.202
	arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202
	arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai, Okiru	Browse	109.202.202.202
	spc.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202
	arm4.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202
	.i.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202

JA3 Fingerprints

⊘No context

Dropped Files

⊘No context

Created / dropped Files

⊘No created / dropped files found

Static File Info

General

File type:	ELF 32-bit LSB executable, MIPS, MIPS-I version 1 (SYSV), statically linked, stripped
Entropy (8bit):	5.427419738614429
TrID:	ELF Executable and Linkable format (generic) (4004/1) 100.00%
File name:	mpsl.elf
File size:	97'284 bytes
MD5:	e715b7a0cdbc48ac2c3cd57b7a95d5df
SHA1:	20f5df82fedeab48e9b50b77c56767cd4f737d76
SHA256:	cdb4ef85aa771bf99a4532e8c0c33e232708e12a073dab833956b8fe1bff2cd6
SHA512:	34253e0f8f1b9520b1df751350b8450ba7636be32f9ca6ebe39a3a1fe4f76127841d836b31a30fb2839c2eea3c1c333eec03a4c48faeb2879eefbeeea7ab90da
SSDEEP:	1536:EzfwGVyRVbaGEmrzwLiXn18p8aqZx7t2xYF/+QXgblmp:ErwGVoXXn1aqnf4HYp
TLSH:	1B93C61AAB610FFBD86FCD3705AA070635CC551722F93B3A3974D928B64B50B4AE3C64
File Content Preview:	.ELF....................`.@.4....y......4. ...(...............@...@..j...j...............p...pE..pE......Z..........Q.td...............................<,..'!......'.......................<...'!... .........9'.. ........................<...'!...........0Q9

Static ELF Info

ELF header
Class:	ELF32
Data:	2's complement, little endian
Version:	1 (current)
Machine:	MIPS R3000
Version Number:	0x1
Type:	EXEC (Executable file)
OS/ABI:	UNIX - System V
ABI Version:	0
Entry Point Address:	0x400260
Flags:	0x1007
ELF Header Size:	52
Program Header Offset:	52
Program Header Size:	32
Number of Program Headers:	3
Section Header Offset:	96764
Section Header Size:	40
Number of Section Headers:	13
Header String Table Index:	12

Sections

Name	Type	Address	Offset	Size	EntSize	Flags	Flags Description	Align
	NULL	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0		0
.init	PROGBITS	0x400094	0x94	0x8c	0x0	0x6	AX	4
.text	PROGBITS	0x400120	0x120	0x15080	0x0	0x6	AX	16
.fini	PROGBITS	0x4151a0	0x151a0	0x5c	0x0	0x6	AX	4
.rodata	PROGBITS	0x415200	0x15200	0x18f0	0x0	0x2	A	16
.ctors	PROGBITS	0x457000	0x17000	0x8	0x0	0x3	WA	4
.dtors	PROGBITS	0x457008	0x17008	0x8	0x0	0x3	WA	4
.data	PROGBITS	0x457020	0x17020	0x3b0	0x0	0x3	WA	16
.got	PROGBITS	0x4573d0	0x173d0	0x5d4	0x4	0x10000003	WAp	16
.sbss	NOBITS	0x4579a4	0x179a4	0x28	0x0	0x10000003	WAp	4
.bss	NOBITS	0x4579d0	0x179a4	0x50b8	0x0	0x3	WA	16
.mdebug.abi32	PROGBITS	0xcf0	0x179a4	0x0	0x0	0x0		1
.shstrtab	STRTAB	0x0	0x179a4	0x57	0x0	0x0		1

Program Segments

Type	Offset	Virtual Address	Physical Address	File Size	Memory Size	Entropy	Flags	Flags Description	Align	Section Mappings
LOAD	0x0	0x400000	0x400000	0x16af0	0x16af0	5.5006	0x5	R E	0x10000	.init .text .fini .rodata
LOAD	0x17000	0x457000	0x457000	0x9a4	0x5a88	3.8968	0x6	RW	0x10000	.ctors .dtors .data .got .sbss .bss
GNU_STACK	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0	0.0000	0x7	RWE	0x4

Network Behavior

Download Network PCAP: filtered – full

Network Port Distribution

Total Packets: 7
• 443 (HTTPS)
• 80 (HTTP)

TCP Packets

Timestamp	Source Port	Dest Port	Source IP	Dest IP
Apr 27, 2025 21:28:09.507622957 CEST	43928	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.42
Apr 27, 2025 21:28:15.139164925 CEST	42836	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.43
Apr 27, 2025 21:28:16.162888050 CEST	42516	80	192.168.2.23	109.202.202.202
Apr 27, 2025 21:28:31.008774996 CEST	43928	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.42
Apr 27, 2025 21:28:41.247392893 CEST	42836	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.43
Apr 27, 2025 21:28:47.390918016 CEST	42516	80	192.168.2.23	109.202.202.202
Apr 27, 2025 21:29:11.963704109 CEST	43928	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.42

System Behavior

Analysis Process: mpsl.elf PID: 6240, Parent PID: 6162

General

Start time (UTC):	19:28:05
Start date (UTC):	27/04/2025
Path:	/tmp/mpsl.elf
Arguments:	/tmp/mpsl.elf
File size:	5773336 bytes
MD5 hash:	0d6f61f82cf2f781c6eb0661071d42d9

Description:	Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of security software, configurations, defensive tools, and sensors that are installed on a system or in a cloud environment. This may include things such as firewall rules and anti-virus. Adversaries may use the information from Security Software Discovery during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether or not the adversary fully infects the target and/or attempts specific actions.
Tactics:	Discovery
Data Sources:	Command: Command Execution, Firewall: Firewall Enumeration, Firewall: Firewall Metadata, Process: OS API Execution, Process: Process Creation
Platforms:	Azure AD, Google Workspace, IaaS, Linux, macOS, Office 365, SaaS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may employ a known encryption algorithm to conceal command and control traffic rather than relying on any inherent protections provided by a communication protocol. Despite the use of a secure algorithm, these implementations may be vulnerable to reverse engineering if secret keys are encoded and/or generated within malware samples/configuration files.
Tactics:	Command and Control
Data Sources:	Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may communicate using OSI application layer protocols to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic. Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server.
Tactics:	Command and Control
Data Sources:	Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Behavior Section

Behavior Chronological

Disassembly

Uncategorized

Graph

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Linux Analysis Report mpsl.elf

Overview

General Information

Detection

Signatures

Classification

General Information

Runtime Messages

Process Tree

Yara Signatures

Suricata Signatures

Joe Sandbox Signatures

AV Detection

Networking

System Summary

Malware Analysis System Evasion

Mitre Att&ck Matrix

Malware Configuration

Behavior Graph

Antivirus, Machine Learning and Genetic Malware Detection

Initial Sample

Dropped Files

Domains

URLs

Domains and IPs

Contacted Domains

World Map of Contacted IPs

Public IPs

Joe Sandbox View / Context

IPs

Domains

ASNs

JA3 Fingerprints

Dropped Files

Created / dropped Files

Static File Info

General

Static ELF Info

ELF header

Sections

Program Segments

Network Behavior

Network Port Distribution

TCP Packets

System Behavior

Analysis Process: mpsl.elf PID: 6240, Parent PID: 6162

General

File Activities

File Opened

File Read

Directory Enumerated

Process Activities

Thread Sleep

System Activities

Query System Information (uname)

Chronological Activities

Linux Analysis Report
mpsl.elf