Joe Sandbox Cloud Basic Analysis Report
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Linux Analysis Report
boatnet.arm5.elf

Overview

General Information

Sample name:boatnet.arm5.elf
Analysis ID:1674949
MD5:a37d27fd80f28799fe2cf50835ee378e
SHA1:408893905687147b6b047aa9a92ecec112cbd32f
SHA256:5e29eae829adc404738eab84e9876c57164a4a1793598e24a87ceb622de0e7ee
Tags:elfupxuser-abuse_ch
Infos:

Detection

Mirai
Score:68
Range:0 - 100

Signatures

Malicious sample detected (through community Yara rule)
Multi AV Scanner detection for submitted file
Yara detected Mirai
Sample is packed with UPX
ELF contains segments with high entropy indicating compressed/encrypted content
Sample contains only a LOAD segment without any section mappings
Uses the "uname" system call to query kernel version information (possible evasion)
Yara signature match

Classification

RansomwareSpreadingPhishingBankerTrojan / BotAdwareSpywareExploiterEvaderMinercleansuspiciousmalicious

General Information

Joe Sandbox version:42.0.0 Malachite
Analysis ID:1674949
Start date and time:2025-04-26 19:08:23 +02:00
Joe Sandbox product:CloudBasic
Overall analysis duration:0h 4m 29s
Hypervisor based Inspection enabled:false
Report type:full
Cookbook file name:defaultlinuxfilecookbook.jbs
Analysis system description:Ubuntu Linux 20.04 x64 (Kernel 5.4.0-72, Firefox 91.0, Evince Document Viewer 3.36.10, LibreOffice 6.4.7.2, OpenJDK 11.0.11)
Analysis Mode:default
Sample name:boatnet.arm5.elf
Detection:MAL
Classification:mal68.troj.evad.linELF@0/0@0/0

Runtime Messages

Command:/tmp/boatnet.arm5.elf
PID:5618
Exit Code:127
Exit Code Info:
Killed:False
Standard Output:

Standard Error:

Process Tree

  • system is lnxubuntu20
  • boatnet.arm5.elf (PID: 5618, Parent: 5536, MD5: 5ebfcae4fe2471fcc5695c2394773ff1) Arguments: /tmp/boatnet.arm5.elf
  • cleanup

Malware Threat Intel

Provided by

NameDescriptionAttributionBlogpost URLsLink
MiraiMirai is one of the first significant botnets targeting exposed networking devices running Linux. Found in August 2016 by MalwareMustDie, its name means "future" in Japanese. Nowadays it targets a wide range of networked embedded devices such as IP cameras, home routers (many vendors involved), and other IoT devices. Since the source code was published on "Hack Forums" many variants of the Mirai family appeared, infecting mostly home networks all around the world.No Attributionhttps://malpedia.caad.fkie.fraunhofer.de/details/elf.mirai

Yara Signatures

Memory Dumps

SourceRuleDescriptionAuthorStrings
5618.1.00007fe508017000.00007fe508023000.r-x.sdmpJoeSecurity_Mirai_8Yara detected MiraiJoe Security
    5618.1.00007fe508017000.00007fe508023000.r-x.sdmpLinux_Trojan_Gafgyt_28a2fe0cunknownunknown
    • 0xa238:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
    • 0xa24c:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
    • 0xa260:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
    • 0xa274:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
    • 0xa288:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
    • 0xa29c:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
    • 0xa2b0:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
    • 0xa2c4:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
    • 0xa2d8:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
    • 0xa2ec:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
    • 0xa300:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
    • 0xa314:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
    • 0xa328:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
    • 0xa33c:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
    • 0xa350:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
    • 0xa364:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
    • 0xa378:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
    • 0xa38c:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
    • 0xa3a0:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
    • 0xa3b4:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
    • 0xa3c8:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
    5618.1.00007fe508017000.00007fe508023000.r-x.sdmpLinux_Trojan_Gafgyt_ea92cca8unknownunknown
    • 0xa790:$a: 53 65 6C 66 20 52 65 70 20 46 75 63 6B 69 6E 67 20 4E 65 54 69 53 20 61 6E 64
    Process Memory Space: boatnet.arm5.elf PID: 5618JoeSecurity_Mirai_8Yara detected MiraiJoe Security
      Process Memory Space: boatnet.arm5.elf PID: 5618Linux_Trojan_Gafgyt_28a2fe0cunknownunknown
      • 0x11651:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
      • 0x11665:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
      • 0x11679:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
      • 0x1168d:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
      • 0x116a1:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
      • 0x116b5:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
      • 0x116c9:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
      • 0x116dd:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
      • 0x116f1:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
      • 0x11705:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
      • 0x11719:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
      • 0x1172d:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
      • 0x11741:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
      • 0x11755:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
      • 0x11769:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
      • 0x1177d:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
      • 0x11791:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
      • 0x117a5:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
      • 0x117b9:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
      • 0x117cd:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
      • 0x117e1:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
      Click to see the 1 entries

      Suricata Signatures

      ⊘No Suricata rule has matched

      Joe Sandbox Signatures

      • • AV Detection
      • • Networking
      • • System Summary
      • • Data Obfuscation
      • • Hooking and other Techniques for Hiding and Protection
      • • Malware Analysis System Evasion
      • • Stealing of Sensitive Information
      • • Remote Access Functionality

      Click to jump to signature section

      Show All Signature Results

      AV Detection

      barindex
      Source: boatnet.arm5.elfVirustotal: Detection: 28%Perma Link
      Source: boatnet.arm5.elfReversingLabs: Detection: 36%
      Source: boatnet.arm5.elfString found in binary or memory: http://upx.sf.net

      System Summary

      barindex
      Source: 5618.1.00007fe508017000.00007fe508023000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORYMatched rule: Linux_Trojan_Gafgyt_28a2fe0c Author: unknown
      Source: 5618.1.00007fe508017000.00007fe508023000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORYMatched rule: Linux_Trojan_Gafgyt_ea92cca8 Author: unknown
      Source: Process Memory Space: boatnet.arm5.elf PID: 5618, type: MEMORYSTRMatched rule: Linux_Trojan_Gafgyt_28a2fe0c Author: unknown
      Source: Process Memory Space: boatnet.arm5.elf PID: 5618, type: MEMORYSTRMatched rule: Linux_Trojan_Gafgyt_ea92cca8 Author: unknown
      Source: LOAD without section mappingsProgram segment: 0x8000
      Source: 5618.1.00007fe508017000.00007fe508023000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORYMatched rule: Linux_Trojan_Gafgyt_28a2fe0c os = linux, severity = x86, creation_date = 2021-01-12, scan_context = file, memory, license = Elastic License v2, threat_name = Linux.Trojan.Gafgyt, fingerprint = a2c6beaec18ca876e8487c11bcc7a29279669588aacb7d3027d8d8df8f5bcead, id = 28a2fe0c-eed5-4c79-81e6-3b11b73a4ebd, last_modified = 2021-09-16
      Source: 5618.1.00007fe508017000.00007fe508023000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORYMatched rule: Linux_Trojan_Gafgyt_ea92cca8 os = linux, severity = x86, creation_date = 2021-01-12, scan_context = file, memory, license = Elastic License v2, threat_name = Linux.Trojan.Gafgyt, fingerprint = aa4aee9f3d6bedd8234eaf8778895a0f5d71c42b21f2a428f01f121e85704e8e, id = ea92cca8-bba7-4a1c-9b88-a2d051ad0021, last_modified = 2021-09-16
      Source: Process Memory Space: boatnet.arm5.elf PID: 5618, type: MEMORYSTRMatched rule: Linux_Trojan_Gafgyt_28a2fe0c os = linux, severity = x86, creation_date = 2021-01-12, scan_context = file, memory, license = Elastic License v2, threat_name = Linux.Trojan.Gafgyt, fingerprint = a2c6beaec18ca876e8487c11bcc7a29279669588aacb7d3027d8d8df8f5bcead, id = 28a2fe0c-eed5-4c79-81e6-3b11b73a4ebd, last_modified = 2021-09-16
      Source: Process Memory Space: boatnet.arm5.elf PID: 5618, type: MEMORYSTRMatched rule: Linux_Trojan_Gafgyt_ea92cca8 os = linux, severity = x86, creation_date = 2021-01-12, scan_context = file, memory, license = Elastic License v2, threat_name = Linux.Trojan.Gafgyt, fingerprint = aa4aee9f3d6bedd8234eaf8778895a0f5d71c42b21f2a428f01f121e85704e8e, id = ea92cca8-bba7-4a1c-9b88-a2d051ad0021, last_modified = 2021-09-16
      Source: classification engineClassification label: mal68.troj.evad.linELF@0/0@0/0

      Data Obfuscation

      barindex
      Source: initial sampleString containing UPX found: $Info: This file is packed with the UPX executable packer http://upx.sf.net $
      Source: initial sampleString containing UPX found: $Info: This file is packed with the UPX executable packer http://upx.sf.net $
      Source: initial sampleString containing UPX found: $Id: UPX 3.94 Copyright (C) 1996-2017 the UPX Team. All Rights Reserved. $
      Source: boatnet.arm5.elfSubmission file: segment LOAD with 7.8958 entropy (max. 8.0)
      Source: /tmp/boatnet.arm5.elf (PID: 5618)Queries kernel information via 'uname': Jump to behavior
      Source: boatnet.arm5.elf, 5618.1.0000558a0c4d7000.0000558a0c645000.rw-.sdmpBinary or memory string: U!/etc/qemu-binfmt/arm
      Source: boatnet.arm5.elf, 5618.1.00007fffc4c8e000.00007fffc4caf000.rw-.sdmpBinary or memory string: *:x86_64/usr/bin/qemu-arm/tmp/boatnet.arm5.elfSUDO_USER=saturninoPATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/snap/binDISPLAY=:1.0XAUTHORITY=/run/user/1000/gdm/XauthoritySUDO_UID=1000TERM=xterm-256colorCOLORTERM=truecolorLOGNAME=rootUSER=rootLANG=en_US.UTF-8SUDO_COMMAND=/bin/bashHOME=/rootMAIL=/var/mail/rootSUDO_GID=1000SHELL=/bin/bash/tmp/boatnet.arm5.elf
      Source: boatnet.arm5.elf, 5618.1.0000558a0c4d7000.0000558a0c645000.rw-.sdmpBinary or memory string: /etc/qemu-binfmt/arm
      Source: boatnet.arm5.elf, 5618.1.00007fffc4c8e000.00007fffc4caf000.rw-.sdmpBinary or memory string: /usr/bin/qemu-arm

      Stealing of Sensitive Information

      barindex
      Source: Yara matchFile source: 5618.1.00007fe508017000.00007fe508023000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORY
      Source: Yara matchFile source: Process Memory Space: boatnet.arm5.elf PID: 5618, type: MEMORYSTR

      Remote Access Functionality

      barindex
      Source: Yara matchFile source: 5618.1.00007fe508017000.00007fe508023000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORY
      Source: Yara matchFile source: Process Memory Space: boatnet.arm5.elf PID: 5618, type: MEMORYSTR

      Mitre Att&ck Matrix

      ReconnaissanceResource DevelopmentInitial AccessExecutionPersistencePrivilege EscalationDefense EvasionCredential AccessDiscoveryLateral MovementCollectionCommand and ControlExfiltrationImpact
      Gather Victim Identity InformationAcquire InfrastructureValid AccountsWindows Management InstrumentationPath InterceptionPath Interception11
      Obfuscated Files or Information      		OS Credential Dumping11
      Security Software Discovery      		Remote ServicesData from Local SystemData ObfuscationExfiltration Over Other Network MediumAbuse Accessibility Features

      Malware Configuration

      ⊘No configs have been found

      Behavior Graph

      Hide Legend

      Legend:

      • Process
      • Signature
      • Created File
      • DNS/IP Info
      • Is Dropped
      • Number of created Files
      • Is malicious
      • Internet
      behaviorgraph top1 signatures2 2 Behavior Graph ID: 1674949 Sample: boatnet.arm5.elf Startdate: 26/04/2025 Architecture: LINUX Score: 68 7 Malicious sample detected (through community Yara rule) 2->7 9 Multi AV Scanner detection for submitted file 2->9 11 Yara detected Mirai 2->11 13 Sample is packed with UPX 2->13 5 boatnet.arm5.elf 2->5         started        process3

      Antivirus, Machine Learning and Genetic Malware Detection

      Initial Sample

      SourceDetectionScannerLabelLink
      boatnet.arm5.elf29%VirustotalBrowse
      boatnet.arm5.elf36%ReversingLabsLinux.Backdoor.Mirai

      Dropped Files

      ⊘No Antivirus matches

      Domains

      ⊘No Antivirus matches

      URLs

      ⊘No Antivirus matches

      Domains and IPs

      Contacted Domains

      ⊘No contacted domains info
      NameSourceMaliciousAntivirus DetectionReputation
      http://upx.sf.netboatnet.arm5.elffalse
        		high

        World Map of Contacted IPs

        ⊘No contacted IP infos

        Joe Sandbox View / Context

        IPs

        ⊘No context

        Domains

        ⊘No context

        ASNs

        ⊘No context

        JA3 Fingerprints

        ⊘No context

        Dropped Files

        ⊘No context

        Created / dropped Files

        ⊘No created / dropped files found

        Static File Info

        General

        File type:ELF 32-bit LSB executable, ARM, version 1 (ARM), statically linked, no section header
        Entropy (8bit):7.891685446983473
        TrID:
        • ELF Executable and Linkable format (generic) (4004/1) 100.00%
        File name:boatnet.arm5.elf
        File size:18'860 bytes
        MD5:a37d27fd80f28799fe2cf50835ee378e
        SHA1:408893905687147b6b047aa9a92ecec112cbd32f
        SHA256:5e29eae829adc404738eab84e9876c57164a4a1793598e24a87ceb622de0e7ee
        SHA512:34b1301b680a8e46e9299537ee3ee36b75071dfed8b5a64acaa78756f01d4247a7700608d9fa5505258854bb19c412092f3bd16cd39824d0af5bb1ff3c4345be
        SSDEEP:384:USxgmpiEAnfXJPa73bAjABApbQAgaOkC4Q0OolcYhymdGUop5hXY:jxgRfXRa+AKx4alxBNs3UozJY
        TLSH:8382C00061063563CB74CCB7FB6E9941A36356BCE1EA712D905447E86A8E11AA6741C7
        File Content Preview:.ELF...a..........(.........4...........4. ...(.....................7H..7H...............4..........................Q.td..............................CvUPX!....................q..........?.E.h;.}...^.......cP.e.v...0...%<...^..:f..U3..7.@.#5....H.*L1c....

        Static ELF Info

        ELF header

        Class:ELF32
        Data:2's complement, little endian
        Version:1 (current)
        Machine:ARM
        Version Number:0x1
        Type:EXEC (Executable file)
        OS/ABI:ARM - ABI
        ABI Version:0
        Entry Point Address:0xb688
        Flags:0x2
        ELF Header Size:52
        Program Header Offset:52
        Program Header Size:32
        Number of Program Headers:3
        Section Header Offset:0
        Section Header Size:40
        Number of Section Headers:0
        Header String Table Index:0

        Program Segments

        TypeOffsetVirtual AddressPhysical AddressFile SizeMemory SizeEntropyFlagsFlags DescriptionAlignProg InterpreterSection Mappings
        LOAD0x00x80000x80000x48370x48377.89580x5R E0x8000
        LOAD0x34080x1b4080x1b4080x00x00.00000x6RW 0x8000
        GNU_STACK0x00x00x00x00x00.00000x7RWE0x4

        Network Behavior

        ⊘No network behavior found

        System Behavior

        General

        Start time (UTC):17:09:21
        Start date (UTC):26/04/2025
        Path:/tmp/boatnet.arm5.elf
        Arguments:/tmp/boatnet.arm5.elf
        File size:4956856 bytes
        MD5 hash:5ebfcae4fe2471fcc5695c2394773ff1

        File Activities

        Process Activities

        System Activities