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Linux Analysis Report
arc.elf

Overview

General Information

Sample name:	arc.elf
Analysis ID:	1647497
MD5:	ec56342462203efb473d5ea72a9c882b
SHA1:	0adf7ac613dfb58b274f6b15f50c61d4f63c5394
SHA256:	d966cea4d6c41eb8bfa2e1b730f6198b12d030f3dbc95d3c1e292476dc20b989
Tags:	elfuser-abuse_ch
Infos:
Errors No process behavior to analyse as no analysis process or sample was found

Detection

Mirai

Score:	48
Range:	0 - 100

Signatures

Yara detected Mirai

Found strings indicative of a multi-platform dropper

Sample has stripped symbol table

Tries to connect to HTTP servers, but all servers are down (expired dropper behavior)

Classification

General Information

Joe Sandbox version:	42.0.0 Malachite
Analysis ID:	1647497
Start date and time:	2025-03-24 22:18:14 +01:00
Joe Sandbox product:	CloudBasic
Overall analysis duration:	0h 4m 22s
Hypervisor based Inspection enabled:	false
Report type:	full
Cookbook file name:	defaultlinuxfilecookbook.jbs
Analysis system description:	Ubuntu Linux 20.04 x64 (Kernel 5.4.0-72, Firefox 91.0, Evince Document Viewer 3.36.10, LibreOffice 6.4.7.2, OpenJDK 11.0.11)
Analysis Mode:	default
Sample name:	arc.elf
Detection:	MAL
Classification:	mal48.troj.linELF@0/0@0/0

Errors

No process behavior to analyse as no analysis process or sample was found

Runtime Messages

Command:	/tmp/arc.elf
PID:	5432
Exit Code:	255
Exit Code Info:
Killed:	False
Standard Output:
Standard Error:

Malware Threat Intel

Provided by

Name	Description	Attribution	Blogpost URLs	Link
Mirai	Mirai is one of the first significant botnets targeting exposed networking devices running Linux. Found in August 2016 by MalwareMustDie, its name means "future" in Japanese. Nowadays it targets a wide range of networked embedded devices such as IP cameras, home routers (many vendors involved), and other IoT devices. Since the source code was published on "Hack Forums" many variants of the Mirai family appeared, infecting mostly home networks all around the world.	No Attribution	http://osint.bambenekconsulting.com/feeds/ http://www.simonroses.com/2016/10/mirai-ddos-botnet-source-code-binary-analysis/ https://blog.malwaremustdie.org/2020/02/mmd-0065-2021-linuxmirai-fbot-re.html https://blog.netlab.360.com/another-lilin-dvr-0-day-being-used-to-spread-mirai-en/ https://blog.netlab.360.com/mirai_ptea-botnet-is-exploiting-undisclosed-kguard-dvr-vulnerability-en/	https://malpedia.caad.fkie.fraunhofer.de/details/elf.mirai

Yara Signatures

Initial Sample

Source	Rule	Description	Author	Strings
arc.elf	JoeSecurity_Mirai_8	Yara detected Mirai	Joe Security

Joe Sandbox Signatures

• Spreading
• Networking
• System Summary
• Stealing of Sensitive Information
• Remote Access Functionality

Click to jump to signature section

Show All Signature Results

Source: arc.elf

String: /proc/%s/exe/proc/%s/cmdline/proc/%d/exe/proc/%d/cmdline/usr/bin/usr/sbin/system/mnt/mtd/app/org/z/zbin/home/app/dvr/bin/duksan/userfs/mnt/app/usr/etc/dvr/main/usr/local/var/bin/tmp/sqfs/z/bin/dvr/mnt/mtd/zconf/gm/bin/home/process/snap/usr/lib/wgettftpcurlftp

Source: global traffic

TCP traffic: 192.168.2.13:48202 -> 185.125.190.26:443

Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 185.125.190.26
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 185.125.190.26

Source: unknown

Network traffic detected: HTTP traffic on port 48202 -> 443

Source: ELF static info symbol of initial sample

.symtab present: no

Source: classification engine

Classification label: mal48.troj.linELF@0/0@0/0

Stealing of Sensitive Information

Yara detected Mirai

Source: Yara match

File source: arc.elf, type: SAMPLE

Remote Access Functionality

Yara detected Mirai

Source: Yara match

File source: arc.elf, type: SAMPLE

Mitre Att&ck Matrix

Reconnaissance	Resource Development	Initial Access	Execution	Persistence	Privilege Escalation	Defense Evasion	Credential Access	Discovery	Lateral Movement	Collection	Command and Control	Exfiltration	Impact
Gather Victim Identity Information	1 Scripting	Valid Accounts	Windows Management Instrumentation	1 Scripting	Path Interception	Direct Volume Access	OS Credential Dumping	System Service Discovery	Remote Services	Data from Local System	1 Encrypted Channel	Exfiltration Over Other Network Medium	Abuse Accessibility Features
Credentials	Domains	Default Accounts	Scheduled Task/Job	Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts	Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts	Rootkit	LSASS Memory	Application Window Discovery	Remote Desktop Protocol	Data from Removable Media	1 Application Layer Protocol	Exfiltration Over Bluetooth	Network Denial of Service

Malware Configuration

⊘No configs have been found

Behavior Graph

Hide Legend

Legend:

Process
Signature
Created File
DNS/IP Info
Is Dropped
Number of created Files
Is malicious
Internet

Antivirus, Machine Learning and Genetic Malware Detection

Initial Sample

⊘No Antivirus matches

Dropped Files

⊘No Antivirus matches

Domains

⊘No Antivirus matches

URLs

⊘No Antivirus matches

Domains and IPs

Download Network PCAP: filtered – full

Contacted Domains

⊘No contacted domains info

World Map of Contacted IPs

No. of IPs < 25%
25% < No. of IPs < 50%
50% < No. of IPs < 75%
75% < No. of IPs

Public IPs

IP	Domain	Country	Flag	ASN	ASN Name	Malicious
185.125.190.26	unknown	United Kingdom		41231	CANONICAL-ASGB	false

Joe Sandbox View / Context

IPs

Match	Associated Sample Name / URL	SHA 256	Detection	Threat Name	Link
185.125.190.26	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse
	bot.mips.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai, Gafgyt, Okiru	Browse
	bot.arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai, Okiru	Browse
	arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	arm.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	arm.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse
	morte.x86.elf	Get hash	malicious	Okiru	Browse

Domains

⊘No context

ASNs

Match	Associated Sample Name / URL	SHA 256	Detection	Threat Name	Link	Context
CANONICAL-ASGB	aarch64.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	91.189.91.42
	arm5.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	sh4.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse	91.189.91.42
	arm.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	91.189.91.42
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse	91.189.91.42
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse	91.189.91.42
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse	91.189.91.42
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse	91.189.91.42
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse	91.189.91.42

JA3 Fingerprints

⊘No context

Dropped Files

⊘No context

Created / dropped Files

⊘No created / dropped files found

Static File Info

General

File type:	ELF 32-bit LSB executable, Synopsys ARCompact ARC700 cores, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked, stripped
Entropy (8bit):	6.41715883541963
TrID:	ELF Executable and Linkable format (generic) (4004/1) 98.45% Lumena CEL bitmap (63/63) 1.55%
File name:	arc.elf
File size:	116'116 bytes
MD5:	ec56342462203efb473d5ea72a9c882b
SHA1:	0adf7ac613dfb58b274f6b15f50c61d4f63c5394
SHA256:	d966cea4d6c41eb8bfa2e1b730f6198b12d030f3dbc95d3c1e292476dc20b989
SHA512:	68eaf2f24ffada357117a46d87e134d88cdcd3e4380b174f467b5ec99a5d9cbd3dacf44b5de00c78fe479bafb127bce32e09c7faf0b9e3acf12b7944e9439302
SSDEEP:	3072:P6Evf85AvwJsf80EzpbQQqUVaflokDmgFnVq:P6gI/0ggf/Dq
TLSH:	6AB3AEDBB24B5860C42247F407D78BDE3E6322419E27C9E36D0E557E38B91DB190A7C2
File Content Preview:	.ELF..............].....4...4...d.......4. ...(.................................. .......................~....... .............................................................................................................................................

Static ELF Info

ELF header
Class:	ELF32
Data:	2's complement, little endian
Version:	1 (current)
Machine:	<unknown>
Version Number:	0x1
Type:	EXEC (Executable file)
OS/ABI:	UNIX - System V
ABI Version:	0
Entry Point Address:	0x10a34
Flags:	0x403
ELF Header Size:	52
Program Header Offset:	52
Program Header Size:	32
Number of Program Headers:	5
Section Header Offset:	115556
Section Header Size:	40
Number of Section Headers:	14
Header String Table Index:	13

Sections

Name	Type	Address	Offset	Size	EntSize	Flags	Flags Description	Align
	NULL	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0		0
.init	PROGBITS	0x10114	0x114	0x22	0x0	0x6	AX	1
.text	PROGBITS	0x10138	0x138	0x12204	0x0	0x6	AX	4
.fini	PROGBITS	0x2233c	0x1233c	0x16	0x0	0x6	AX	1
.rodata	PROGBITS	0x22354	0x12354	0x8850	0x0	0x2	A	4
.tbss	NOBITS	0x2dfe0	0x1bfe0	0x8	0x0	0x403	WAT	4
.fini_array	FINI_ARRAY	0x2dfe0	0x1bfe0	0x4	0x4	0x3	WA	4
.ctors	PROGBITS	0x2dfe4	0x1bfe4	0x8	0x0	0x3	WA	4
.dtors	PROGBITS	0x2dfec	0x1bfec	0x8	0x0	0x3	WA	4
.got	PROGBITS	0x2dff4	0x1bff4	0x8	0x0	0x3	WA	4
.data	PROGBITS	0x2e008	0x1c008	0x2c4	0x0	0x3	WA	4
.bss	NOBITS	0x2e2cc	0x1c2cc	0x7bf0	0x0	0x3	WA	4
.ARC.attributes	<unknown>	0x0	0x1c2cc	0x32	0x0	0x0		1
.shstrtab	STRTAB	0x0	0x1c2fe	0x65	0x0	0x0		1

Program Segments

Type	Offset	Virtual Address	Physical Address	File Size	Memory Size	Entropy	Flags	Flags Description	Align	Section Mappings
LOAD	0x0	0x10000	0x10000	0x1aba4	0x1aba4	6.6305	0x5	R E	0x2000	.init .text .fini .rodata
LOAD	0x1bfe0	0x2dfe0	0x2dfe0	0x2ec	0x7edc	4.0843	0x6	RW	0x2000	.tbss .fini_array .ctors .dtors .got .data .bss
DYNAMIC	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0	0.0000	0x4	R	0x4
DYNAMIC	0x1bfe0	0x2dfe0	0x2dfe0	0x0	0x8	0.0000	0x4	R	0x4
DYNAMIC	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0	0.0000	0x6	RW	0x4

Network Behavior

Download Network PCAP: filtered – full

TCP Packets

Timestamp	Source Port	Dest Port	Source IP	Dest IP
Mar 24, 2025 22:19:11.890852928 CET	48202	443	192.168.2.13	185.125.190.26
Mar 24, 2025 22:19:42.626302004 CET	48202	443	192.168.2.13	185.125.190.26

Description:	This technique has been deprecated. Please use Command and Scripting Interpreter where appropriate.
Tactics:	Defense Evasion, Execution
Data Sources:
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may employ a known encryption algorithm to conceal command and control traffic rather than relying on any inherent protections provided by a communication protocol. Despite the use of a secure algorithm, these implementations may be vulnerable to reverse engineering if secret keys are encoded and/or generated within malware samples/configuration files.
Tactics:	Command and Control
Data Sources:	Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may communicate using OSI application layer protocols to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic. Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server.
Tactics:	Command and Control
Data Sources:	Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Behavior Section

Behavior Chronological

Disassembly

Uncategorized

Graph

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Linux Analysis Report arc.elf

Overview

General Information

Detection

Signatures

Classification

General Information

Errors

Runtime Messages

Malware Threat Intel

Yara Signatures

Initial Sample

Suricata Signatures

Joe Sandbox Signatures

Spreading

Networking

System Summary

Stealing of Sensitive Information

Remote Access Functionality

Mitre Att&ck Matrix

Malware Configuration

Behavior Graph

Antivirus, Machine Learning and Genetic Malware Detection

Initial Sample

Dropped Files

Domains

URLs

Domains and IPs

Contacted Domains

World Map of Contacted IPs

Public IPs

Joe Sandbox View / Context

IPs

Domains

ASNs

JA3 Fingerprints

Dropped Files

Created / dropped Files

Static File Info

General

Static ELF Info

ELF header

Sections

Program Segments

Network Behavior

TCP Packets

System Behavior

Linux Analysis Report
arc.elf