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Linux Analysis Report
arm5.elf

Overview

General Information

Sample name:	arm5.elf
Analysis ID:	1646381
MD5:	dcac020572e14c87842eeff2041824eb
SHA1:	eb6ba209d8bdf7cec04f387f38a526d90bb9df3b
SHA256:	8d7527e8f1773383d762079abe0c3df2d9274b05b70d989e3b2a2523f7b7fdb1
Tags:	elfuser-abuse_ch
Infos:

Detection

Mirai

Score:	60
Range:	0 - 100

Signatures

Multi AV Scanner detection for submitted file

Yara detected Mirai

Sample is packed with UPX

ELF contains segments with high entropy indicating compressed/encrypted content

Sample contains only a LOAD segment without any section mappings

Tries to connect to HTTP servers, but all servers are down (expired dropper behavior)

Uses the "uname" system call to query kernel version information (possible evasion)

Classification

General Information

Joe Sandbox version:	42.0.0 Malachite
Analysis ID:	1646381
Start date and time:	2025-03-24 00:18:01 +01:00
Joe Sandbox product:	CloudBasic
Overall analysis duration:	0h 4m 28s
Hypervisor based Inspection enabled:	false
Report type:	full
Cookbook file name:	defaultlinuxfilecookbook.jbs
Analysis system description:	Ubuntu Linux 20.04 x64 (Kernel 5.4.0-72, Firefox 91.0, Evince Document Viewer 3.36.10, LibreOffice 6.4.7.2, OpenJDK 11.0.11)
Analysis Mode:	default
Sample name:	arm5.elf
Detection:	MAL
Classification:	mal60.troj.evad.linELF@0/0@0/0

Runtime Messages

Command:	/tmp/arm5.elf
PID:	6229
Exit Code:	127
Exit Code Info:
Killed:	False
Standard Output:
Standard Error:

Process Tree

system is lnxubuntu20

arm5.elf (PID: 6229, Parent: 6144, MD5: 5ebfcae4fe2471fcc5695c2394773ff1) Arguments: /tmp/arm5.elf

cleanup

Malware Threat Intel

Provided by

Name	Description	Attribution	Blogpost URLs	Link
Mirai	Mirai is one of the first significant botnets targeting exposed networking devices running Linux. Found in August 2016 by MalwareMustDie, its name means "future" in Japanese. Nowadays it targets a wide range of networked embedded devices such as IP cameras, home routers (many vendors involved), and other IoT devices. Since the source code was published on "Hack Forums" many variants of the Mirai family appeared, infecting mostly home networks all around the world.	No Attribution	http://osint.bambenekconsulting.com/feeds/ http://www.simonroses.com/2016/10/mirai-ddos-botnet-source-code-binary-analysis/ https://blog.malwaremustdie.org/2020/02/mmd-0065-2021-linuxmirai-fbot-re.html https://blog.netlab.360.com/another-lilin-dvr-0-day-being-used-to-spread-mirai-en/ https://blog.netlab.360.com/mirai_ptea-botnet-is-exploiting-undisclosed-kguard-dvr-vulnerability-en/	https://malpedia.caad.fkie.fraunhofer.de/details/elf.mirai

Yara Signatures

Memory Dumps

Source	Rule	Description	Author	Strings
6229.1.00007f1284017000.00007f128401d000.r-x.sdmp	JoeSecurity_Mirai_6	Yara detected Mirai	Joe Security
Process Memory Space: arm5.elf PID: 6229	JoeSecurity_Mirai_6	Yara detected Mirai	Joe Security

Suricata Signatures

⊘No Suricata rule has matched

Joe Sandbox Signatures

• AV Detection
• Networking
• System Summary
• Data Obfuscation
• Hooking and other Techniques for Hiding and Protection
• Malware Analysis System Evasion
• Stealing of Sensitive Information
• Remote Access Functionality

Click to jump to signature section

Show All Signature Results

AV Detection

Multi AV Scanner detection for submitted file

Source: arm5.elf

ReversingLabs: Detection: 25%

Source: global traffic	TCP traffic: 192.168.2.23:43928 -> 91.189.91.42:443
Source: global traffic	TCP traffic: 192.168.2.23:42836 -> 91.189.91.43:443
Source: global traffic	TCP traffic: 192.168.2.23:42516 -> 109.202.202.202:80

Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.42
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.43
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 109.202.202.202
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.42
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.43
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 109.202.202.202
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.42

Source: arm5.elf, 6229.1.00007f1284017000.00007f128401d000.r-x.sdmp	String found in binary or memory: http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/
Source: arm5.elf, 6229.1.00007f1284017000.00007f128401d000.r-x.sdmp	String found in binary or memory: http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/
Source: arm5.elf	String found in binary or memory: http://upx.sf.net

Source: unknown	Network traffic detected: HTTP traffic on port 43928 -> 443
Source: unknown	Network traffic detected: HTTP traffic on port 42836 -> 443

Source: LOAD without section mappings

Program segment: 0x8000

Source: classification engine

Classification label: mal60.troj.evad.linELF@0/0@0/0

Data Obfuscation

Sample is packed with UPX

Source: initial sample	String containing UPX found: $Info: This file is packed with the UPX executable packer http://upx.sf.net $
Source: initial sample	String containing UPX found: $Info: This file is packed with the UPX executable packer http://upx.sf.net $
Source: initial sample	String containing UPX found: $Id: UPX 3.94 Copyright (C) 1996-2017 the UPX Team. All Rights Reserved. $

Source: arm5.elf

Submission file: segment LOAD with 7.727 entropy (max. 8.0)

Source: /tmp/arm5.elf (PID: 6229)

Queries kernel information via 'uname':

Jump to behavior

Source: arm5.elf, 6229.1.00007ffe57e67000.00007ffe57e88000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: x86_64/usr/bin/qemu-arm/tmp/arm5.elfSUDO_USER=saturninoPATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/snap/binDISPLAY=:1.0XAUTHORITY=/run/user/1000/gdm/XauthoritySUDO_UID=1000TERM=xterm-256colorCOLORTERM=truecolorLOGNAME=rootUSER=rootLANG=en_US.UTF-8SUDO_COMMAND=/bin/bashHOME=/rootMAIL=/var/mail/rootSUDO_GID=1000SHELL=/bin/bash/tmp/arm5.elf
Source: arm5.elf, 6229.1.000055fd9c56d000.000055fd9c73b000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: U!/etc/qemu-binfmt/arm
Source: arm5.elf, 6229.1.000055fd9c56d000.000055fd9c73b000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: /etc/qemu-binfmt/arm
Source: arm5.elf, 6229.1.00007ffe57e67000.00007ffe57e88000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: /usr/bin/qemu-arm

Stealing of Sensitive Information

Yara detected Mirai

Source: Yara match	File source: 6229.1.00007f1284017000.00007f128401d000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORY
Source: Yara match	File source: Process Memory Space: arm5.elf PID: 6229, type: MEMORYSTR

Remote Access Functionality

Yara detected Mirai

Source: Yara match	File source: 6229.1.00007f1284017000.00007f128401d000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORY
Source: Yara match	File source: Process Memory Space: arm5.elf PID: 6229, type: MEMORYSTR

Mitre Att&ck Matrix

Reconnaissance	Resource Development	Initial Access	Execution	Persistence	Privilege Escalation	Defense Evasion	Credential Access	Discovery	Lateral Movement	Collection	Command and Control	Exfiltration	Impact
Gather Victim Identity Information	Acquire Infrastructure	Valid Accounts	Windows Management Instrumentation	Path Interception	Path Interception	11 Obfuscated Files or Information	OS Credential Dumping	11 Security Software Discovery	Remote Services	Data from Local System	1 Encrypted Channel	Exfiltration Over Other Network Medium	Abuse Accessibility Features
Credentials	Domains	Default Accounts	Scheduled Task/Job	Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts	Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts	Rootkit	LSASS Memory	Application Window Discovery	Remote Desktop Protocol	Data from Removable Media	1 Application Layer Protocol	Exfiltration Over Bluetooth	Network Denial of Service

Malware Configuration

⊘No configs have been found

Behavior Graph

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Legend:

Process
Signature
Created File
DNS/IP Info
Is Dropped
Number of created Files
Is malicious
Internet

Screenshots

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Thumbnails

This section contains all screenshots as thumbnails, including those not shown in the slideshow.

Antivirus, Machine Learning and Genetic Malware Detection

Initial Sample

Source	Detection	Scanner	Label	Link
arm5.elf	25%	ReversingLabs	Linux.Trojan.Mirai

Dropped Files

⊘No Antivirus matches

Domains

⊘No Antivirus matches

URLs

⊘No Antivirus matches

Domains and IPs

Download Network PCAP: filtered – full

Contacted Domains

⊘No contacted domains info

URLs from Memory and Binaries

Name	Source	Malicious	Reputation
http://upx.sf.net	arm5.elf	false	high
http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/	arm5.elf, 6229.1.00007f1284017000.00007f128401d000.r-x.sdmp	false	high
http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/	arm5.elf, 6229.1.00007f1284017000.00007f128401d000.r-x.sdmp	false	high

World Map of Contacted IPs

No. of IPs < 25%
25% < No. of IPs < 50%
50% < No. of IPs < 75%
75% < No. of IPs

Public IPs

IP	Domain	Country	ASN	ASN Name	Malicious
109.202.202.202	unknown	Switzerland	13030	INIT7CH	false
91.189.91.43	unknown	United Kingdom	41231	CANONICAL-ASGB	false
91.189.91.42	unknown	United Kingdom	41231	CANONICAL-ASGB	false

Joe Sandbox View / Context

IPs

Match	Associated Sample Name / URL	SHA 256	Detection	Threat Name	Link	Context
109.202.202.202	kpLwzBouH4.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	ch.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/f/firefox/firefox_92.0%2bbuild3-0ubuntu0.20.04.1_amd64.deb
91.189.91.43	gigab.x86.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse
	ixXoLDt5pH.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse
	powerpc.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	m68k.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	x86_64.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	mips.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	mipsel.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	bot.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
91.189.91.42	gigab.x86.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse
	ixXoLDt5pH.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse
	powerpc.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	m68k.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	x86_64.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	mips.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	mipsel.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	bot.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse

Domains

⊘No context

ASNs

Match	Associated Sample Name / URL	SHA 256	Detection	Threat Name	Link	Context
CANONICAL-ASGB	gigab.x86.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse	91.189.91.42
	ixXoLDt5pH.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse	91.189.91.42
	powerpc.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	91.189.91.42
	m68k.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	91.189.91.42
	x86_64.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	91.189.91.42
	mips.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	91.189.91.42
	mipsel.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	91.189.91.42
	owari.arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	185.125.190.26
CANONICAL-ASGB	gigab.x86.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse	91.189.91.42
	ixXoLDt5pH.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse	91.189.91.42
	powerpc.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	91.189.91.42
	m68k.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	91.189.91.42
	x86_64.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	91.189.91.42
	mips.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	91.189.91.42
	mipsel.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	91.189.91.42
	owari.arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	185.125.190.26
INIT7CH	gigab.x86.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse	109.202.202.202
	ixXoLDt5pH.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse	109.202.202.202
	powerpc.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	109.202.202.202
	m68k.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	109.202.202.202
	x86_64.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	109.202.202.202
	mips.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	109.202.202.202
	mipsel.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	109.202.202.202
	bot.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202

JA3 Fingerprints

⊘No context

Dropped Files

⊘No context

Created / dropped Files

⊘No created / dropped files found

Static File Info

General

File type:	ELF 32-bit LSB executable, ARM, version 1 (ARM), statically linked, no section header
Entropy (8bit):	7.719900126913264
TrID:	ELF Executable and Linkable format (generic) (4004/1) 100.00%
File name:	arm5.elf
File size:	16'044 bytes
MD5:	dcac020572e14c87842eeff2041824eb
SHA1:	eb6ba209d8bdf7cec04f387f38a526d90bb9df3b
SHA256:	8d7527e8f1773383d762079abe0c3df2d9274b05b70d989e3b2a2523f7b7fdb1
SHA512:	6e696c6a3011880a601243ee64f07484252a29b3fefa0e2f51595232b2809afd9b0a2fe7227ff39559c314b1b9ec9fd579f6e42d6066f68ab126b135276fd5bb
SSDEEP:	384:W30dwljSuuhpbQnJCP0k3XNoccMtrR6RBQWyeAk/hTp/ftBi:dUipbQnJwTXNogtrGBByeAk/dRi
TLSH:	D772C0BAA561DB1BFAC9C737DC4E28D49303393A41938062FF1AAE2152172CD5908F9C
File Content Preview:	.ELF...a..........(.........4...........4. ...(......................=...=..............4...4...4...................Q.td................................UPX!X........`...`......{.........ELF.ra....(....d...4...^... ........{.......s.M..4...y..9........\|[o?

Static ELF Info

ELF header
Class:	ELF32
Data:	2's complement, little endian
Version:	1 (current)
Machine:	ARM
Version Number:	0x1
Type:	EXEC (Executable file)
OS/ABI:	ARM - ABI
ABI Version:	0
Entry Point Address:	0xb3d0
Flags:	0x2
ELF Header Size:	52
Program Header Offset:	52
Program Header Size:	32
Number of Program Headers:	3
Section Header Offset:	0
Section Header Size:	40
Number of Section Headers:	0
Header String Table Index:	0

Program Segments

Type	Offset	Virtual Address	Physical Address	File Size	Memory Size	Entropy	Flags	Flags Description	Align
LOAD	0x0	0x8000	0x8000	0x3d0b	0x3d0b	7.7270	0x5	R E	0x8000
LOAD	0xd34	0x18d34	0x18d34	0x0	0x0	0.0000	0x6	RW	0x8000
GNU_STACK	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0	0.0000	0x7	RWE	0x4

Network Behavior

Download Network PCAP: filtered – full

Network Port Distribution

Total Packets: 7
• 443 (HTTPS)
• 80 (HTTP)

TCP Packets

Timestamp	Source Port	Dest Port	Source IP	Dest IP
Mar 24, 2025 00:18:41.550153971 CET	43928	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.42
Mar 24, 2025 00:18:47.181238890 CET	42836	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.43
Mar 24, 2025 00:18:48.461078882 CET	42516	80	192.168.2.23	109.202.202.202
Mar 24, 2025 00:19:01.771440983 CET	43928	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.42
Mar 24, 2025 00:19:14.057851076 CET	42836	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.43
Mar 24, 2025 00:19:18.153028011 CET	42516	80	192.168.2.23	109.202.202.202
Mar 24, 2025 00:19:42.725831985 CET	43928	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.42

System Behavior

Analysis Process: arm5.elf PID: 6229, Parent PID: 6144

General

Start time (UTC):	23:18:39
Start date (UTC):	23/03/2025
Path:	/tmp/arm5.elf
Arguments:	/tmp/arm5.elf
File size:	4956856 bytes
MD5 hash:	5ebfcae4fe2471fcc5695c2394773ff1

Description:	Adversaries may attempt to make an executable or file difficult to discover or analyze by encrypting, encoding, or otherwise obfuscating its contents on the system or in transit. This is common behavior that can be used across different platforms and the network to evade defenses.
Tactics:	Defense Evasion
Data Sources:	Command: Command Execution, File: File Creation, File: File Metadata, Module: Module Load, Process: OS API Execution, Process: Process Creation, Script: Script Execution, WMI: WMI Creation, Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Creation
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of security software, configurations, defensive tools, and sensors that are installed on a system or in a cloud environment. This may include things such as firewall rules and anti-virus. Adversaries may use the information from Security Software Discovery during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether or not the adversary fully infects the target and/or attempts specific actions.
Tactics:	Discovery
Data Sources:	Command: Command Execution, Firewall: Firewall Enumeration, Firewall: Firewall Metadata, Process: OS API Execution, Process: Process Creation
Platforms:	Azure AD, Google Workspace, IaaS, Linux, macOS, Office 365, SaaS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may employ a known encryption algorithm to conceal command and control traffic rather than relying on any inherent protections provided by a communication protocol. Despite the use of a secure algorithm, these implementations may be vulnerable to reverse engineering if secret keys are encoded and/or generated within malware samples/configuration files.
Tactics:	Command and Control
Data Sources:	Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may communicate using OSI application layer protocols to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic. Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server.
Tactics:	Command and Control
Data Sources:	Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Behavior Section

Behavior Chronological

Disassembly

Uncategorized

Graph

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Warning!

Linux Analysis Report arm5.elf

Overview

General Information

Detection

Signatures

Classification

General Information

Runtime Messages

Process Tree

Malware Threat Intel

Yara Signatures

Memory Dumps

Suricata Signatures

Joe Sandbox Signatures

AV Detection

Networking

System Summary

Data Obfuscation

Hooking and other Techniques for Hiding and Protection

Malware Analysis System Evasion

Stealing of Sensitive Information

Remote Access Functionality

Mitre Att&ck Matrix

Malware Configuration

Behavior Graph

Screenshots

Thumbnails

Antivirus, Machine Learning and Genetic Malware Detection

Initial Sample

Dropped Files

Domains

URLs

Domains and IPs

Contacted Domains

URLs from Memory and Binaries

World Map of Contacted IPs

Public IPs

Joe Sandbox View / Context

IPs

Domains

ASNs

JA3 Fingerprints

Dropped Files

Created / dropped Files

Static File Info

General

Static ELF Info

ELF header

Program Segments

Network Behavior

Network Port Distribution

TCP Packets

System Behavior

Analysis Process: arm5.elf PID: 6229, Parent PID: 6144

General

File Activities

File Opened

File Read

Process Activities

Thread Sleep

System Activities

Query System Information (uname)

Chronological Activities

Linux Analysis Report
arm5.elf