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Linux Analysis Report
arm5.elf

Overview

General Information

Sample name:	arm5.elf
Analysis ID:	1644294
MD5:	dc23dd9f93cb6fae3e8a04a09ef787c7
SHA1:	225f05cf42febb3fd93a426eb80082fdf32e5df2
SHA256:	f63c91b9438dca7f6536404b3404a6019aa8be95e89e63f75c493d5f16db890d
Tags:	elfMiraiuser-abuse_ch
Infos:

Detection

Score:	56
Range:	0 - 100

Signatures

Antivirus / Scanner detection for submitted sample

Multi AV Scanner detection for submitted file

ELF contains segments with high entropy indicating compressed/encrypted content

Executes the "rm" command used to delete files or directories

Sample contains only a LOAD segment without any section mappings

Uses the "uname" system call to query kernel version information (possible evasion)

Classification

General Information

Joe Sandbox version:	42.0.0 Malachite
Analysis ID:	1644294
Start date and time:	2025-03-20 14:24:03 +01:00
Joe Sandbox product:	CloudBasic
Overall analysis duration:	0h 4m 22s
Hypervisor based Inspection enabled:	false
Report type:	full
Cookbook file name:	defaultlinuxfilecookbook.jbs
Analysis system description:	Ubuntu Linux 20.04 x64 (Kernel 5.4.0-72, Firefox 91.0, Evince Document Viewer 3.36.10, LibreOffice 6.4.7.2, OpenJDK 11.0.11)
Analysis Mode:	default
Sample name:	arm5.elf
Detection:	MAL
Classification:	mal56.linELF@0/0@2/0

Runtime Messages

Command:	/tmp/arm5.elf
PID:	5421
Exit Code:	139
Exit Code Info:	SIGSEGV (11) Segmentation fault invalid memory reference
Killed:	False
Standard Output:
Standard Error:	qemu: uncaught target signal 11 (Segmentation fault) - core dumped

Process Tree

system is lnxubuntu20

arm5.elf (PID: 5421, Parent: 5342, MD5: 5ebfcae4fe2471fcc5695c2394773ff1) Arguments: /tmp/arm5.elf

dash New Fork (PID: 5509, Parent: 3589)

rm (PID: 5509, Parent: 3589, MD5: aa2b5496fdbfd88e38791ab81f90b95b) Arguments: rm -f /tmp/tmp.vzlfepkIjS /tmp/tmp.kPG5a446x2 /tmp/tmp.d1EHPtTiJK

dash New Fork (PID: 5510, Parent: 3589)

rm (PID: 5510, Parent: 3589, MD5: aa2b5496fdbfd88e38791ab81f90b95b) Arguments: rm -f /tmp/tmp.vzlfepkIjS /tmp/tmp.kPG5a446x2 /tmp/tmp.d1EHPtTiJK

cleanup

Yara Signatures

⊘No yara matches

Suricata Signatures

⊘No Suricata rule has matched

Joe Sandbox Signatures

• AV Detection
• Networking
• System Summary
• Persistence and Installation Behavior
• Hooking and other Techniques for Hiding and Protection
• Malware Analysis System Evasion

Click to jump to signature section

Show All Signature Results

AV Detection

Antivirus / Scanner detection for submitted sample

Source: arm5.elf

Avira: detected

Multi AV Scanner detection for submitted file

Source: arm5.elf	Virustotal: Detection: 53%			Perma Link
Source: arm5.elf	ReversingLabs: Detection: 44%

Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 54.171.230.55
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 54.171.230.55
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 54.171.230.55
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 54.171.230.55
Source: unknown	UDP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 1.1.1.1
Source: unknown	UDP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 1.1.1.1

Source: global traffic

DNS traffic detected: DNS query: daisy.ubuntu.com

Source: unknown	Network traffic detected: HTTP traffic on port 443 -> 58876
Source: unknown	Network traffic detected: HTTP traffic on port 58876 -> 443

Source: LOAD without section mappings

Program segment: 0x8000

Source: classification engine

Classification label: mal56.linELF@0/0@2/0

Source: /usr/bin/dash (PID: 5509)	Rm executable: /usr/bin/rm -> rm -f /tmp/tmp.vzlfepkIjS /tmp/tmp.kPG5a446x2 /tmp/tmp.d1EHPtTiJK			Jump to behavior
Source: /usr/bin/dash (PID: 5510)	Rm executable: /usr/bin/rm -> rm -f /tmp/tmp.vzlfepkIjS /tmp/tmp.kPG5a446x2 /tmp/tmp.d1EHPtTiJK			Jump to behavior

Source: arm5.elf

Submission file: segment LOAD with 7.9615 entropy (max. 8.0)

Source: /tmp/arm5.elf (PID: 5421)

Queries kernel information via 'uname':

Jump to behavior

Source: arm5.elf, 5421.1.00007ffd0268b000.00007ffd026ac000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: x86_64/usr/bin/qemu-arm/tmp/arm5.elfSUDO_USER=saturninoPATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/snap/binDISPLAY=:1.0XAUTHORITY=/run/user/1000/gdm/XauthoritySUDO_UID=1000TERM=xterm-256colorCOLORTERM=truecolorLOGNAME=rootUSER=rootLANG=en_US.UTF-8SUDO_COMMAND=/bin/bashHOME=/rootMAIL=/var/mail/rootSUDO_GID=1000SHELL=/bin/bash/tmp/arm5.elf
Source: arm5.elf, 5421.1.0000563a7e218000.0000563a7e346000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: /etc/qemu-binfmt/arm
Source: arm5.elf, 5421.1.00007ffd0268b000.00007ffd026ac000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: /usr/bin/qemu-arm
Source: arm5.elf, 5421.1.0000563a7e218000.0000563a7e346000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: "~:V!/etc/qemu-binfmt/arm
Source: arm5.elf, 5421.1.00007ffd0268b000.00007ffd026ac000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: qemu: uncaught target signal 11 (Segmentation fault) - core dumped

Mitre Att&ck Matrix

Reconnaissance	Resource Development	Initial Access	Execution	Persistence	Privilege Escalation	Defense Evasion	Credential Access	Discovery	Lateral Movement	Collection	Command and Control	Exfiltration	Impact
Gather Victim Identity Information	Acquire Infrastructure	Valid Accounts	Windows Management Instrumentation	Path Interception	Path Interception	1 Obfuscated Files or Information	OS Credential Dumping	11 Security Software Discovery	Remote Services	Data from Local System	1 Encrypted Channel	Exfiltration Over Other Network Medium	Abuse Accessibility Features
Credentials	Domains	Default Accounts	Scheduled Task/Job	Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts	Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts	1 File Deletion	LSASS Memory	Application Window Discovery	Remote Desktop Protocol	Data from Removable Media	1 Non-Application Layer Protocol	Exfiltration Over Bluetooth	Network Denial of Service
Email Addresses	DNS Server	Domain Accounts	At	Logon Script (Windows)	Logon Script (Windows)	Obfuscated Files or Information	Security Account Manager	Query Registry	SMB/Windows Admin Shares	Data from Network Shared Drive	2 Application Layer Protocol	Automated Exfiltration	Data Encrypted for Impact

Malware Configuration

⊘No configs have been found

Behavior Graph

Hide Legend

Legend:

Process
Signature
Created File
DNS/IP Info
Is Dropped
Number of created Files
Is malicious
Internet

Antivirus, Machine Learning and Genetic Malware Detection

Initial Sample

Source	Detection	Scanner	Label	Link
arm5.elf	53%	Virustotal		Browse
arm5.elf	44%	ReversingLabs	Linux.Trojan.Mirai
arm5.elf	100%	Avira	EXP/ELF.Agent.F.14

Dropped Files

⊘No Antivirus matches

Domains

⊘No Antivirus matches

URLs

⊘No Antivirus matches

Domains and IPs

Download Network PCAP: filtered – full

Contacted Domains

Name	IP	Active	Malicious	Antivirus Detection	Reputation
daisy.ubuntu.com	162.213.35.24	true	false		high

World Map of Contacted IPs

No. of IPs < 25%
25% < No. of IPs < 50%
50% < No. of IPs < 75%
75% < No. of IPs

Public IPs

IP	Domain	Country	Flag	ASN	ASN Name	Malicious
54.171.230.55	unknown	United States		16509	AMAZON-02US	false

Joe Sandbox View / Context

IPs

Match	Associated Sample Name / URL	SHA 256	Detection	Threat Name	Link
54.171.230.55	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse
	hoho.powerpc.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	Space.arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	smips.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	psmips.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	yakuza.mpsl.elf	Get hash	malicious	Gafgyt, Mirai	Browse
	main_mpsl.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	i.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	arc.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	aarch64.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse

Domains

Match	Associated Sample Name / URL	SHA 256	Detection	Threat Name	Link	Context
daisy.ubuntu.com	hoho.m68k.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	162.213.35.24
	hoho.mipsel.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	162.213.35.25
	hoho.armv7l.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	162.213.35.24
	miner.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	162.213.35.24
	hoho.i586.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	162.213.35.24
	hoho.i686.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	162.213.35.24
	sshd.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	162.213.35.24
	Space.spc.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	162.213.35.25
	Nyx4r.arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Okiru	Browse	162.213.35.24
	Nyx4r.m68k.elf	Get hash	malicious	Okiru	Browse	162.213.35.25

ASNs

Match	Associated Sample Name / URL	SHA 256	Detection	Threat Name	Link	Context
AMAZON-02US	hoho.x86.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	54.119.141.49
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse	54.255.164.76
	hoho.armv4l.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	35.157.3.245
	hoho.armv6l.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	34.249.145.219
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse	34.243.160.129
	miner.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	34.243.160.129
	hoho.powerpc.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	54.171.230.55
	hoho.sparc.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	52.35.74.180
	hoho.sh4.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	52.222.196.136
	Space.ppc.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	34.249.145.219

JA3 Fingerprints

⊘No context

Dropped Files

⊘No context

Created / dropped Files

⊘No created / dropped files found

Static File Info

General

File type:	ELF 32-bit LSB executable, ARM, version 1 (ARM), statically linked, no section header
Entropy (8bit):	7.959363221743005
TrID:	ELF Executable and Linkable format (generic) (4004/1) 100.00%
File name:	arm5.elf
File size:	35'324 bytes
MD5:	dc23dd9f93cb6fae3e8a04a09ef787c7
SHA1:	225f05cf42febb3fd93a426eb80082fdf32e5df2
SHA256:	f63c91b9438dca7f6536404b3404a6019aa8be95e89e63f75c493d5f16db890d
SHA512:	3269269f34a171bd2e5204ac19a1a405b95890fc991e10625ebbb538eaffae54c847192184625064bd6d26cdaf5ffccd1acb049b3e7d227f2064af4c1c37214b
SSDEEP:	768:InA87gQNdIgTpk7mVPRVxxgDqlhqR7CmTIS+90mzKU+8BAh3Uo:IwQNugTCYPRfx169tIS80mS2+
TLSH:	C3F2F1B1FB85E1F182E28C7684EC06C83339D9F1D98B343E9B2C62EA504155762C5A67
File Content Preview:	.ELF...a..........(.........4...........4. ...(.....................................................................Q.td..............................q.YTS.@.......x%..x%......R..........?.E.h;.}...^..........fQ.B.1...........7.....5$.Ud....2..6Th..."....

Static ELF Info

ELF header
Class:	ELF32
Data:	2's complement, little endian
Version:	1 (current)
Machine:	ARM
Version Number:	0x1
Type:	EXEC (Executable file)
OS/ABI:	ARM - ABI
ABI Version:	0
Entry Point Address:	0xf7d4
Flags:	0x2
ELF Header Size:	52
Program Header Offset:	52
Program Header Size:	32
Number of Program Headers:	3
Section Header Offset:	0
Section Header Size:	40
Number of Section Headers:	0
Header String Table Index:	0

Program Segments

Type	Offset	Virtual Address	Physical Address	File Size	Memory Size	Entropy	Flags	Flags Description	Align
LOAD	0x0	0x8000	0x8000	0x8908	0x8908	7.9615	0x5	R E	0x8000
LOAD	0x0	0x18000	0x18000	0x0	0x10888	0.0000	0x6	RW	0x8000
GNU_STACK	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0	0.0000	0x7	RWE	0x4

Network Behavior

Download Network PCAP: filtered – full

Network Port Distribution

Total Packets: 6
• 443 (HTTPS)
• 53 (DNS)

TCP Packets

Timestamp	Source Port	Dest Port	Source IP	Dest IP
Mar 20, 2025 14:25:11.054430008 CET	58876	443	192.168.2.13	54.171.230.55
Mar 20, 2025 14:25:11.054470062 CET	443	58876	54.171.230.55	192.168.2.13
Mar 20, 2025 14:25:11.054610968 CET	58876	443	192.168.2.13	54.171.230.55
Mar 20, 2025 14:25:11.056737900 CET	58876	443	192.168.2.13	54.171.230.55
Mar 20, 2025 14:25:11.056756973 CET	443	58876	54.171.230.55	192.168.2.13
Mar 20, 2025 14:26:11.054718971 CET	58876	443	192.168.2.13	54.171.230.55
Mar 20, 2025 14:26:11.096323967 CET	443	58876	54.171.230.55	192.168.2.13
Mar 20, 2025 14:26:47.502278090 CET	443	58876	54.171.230.55	192.168.2.13

UDP Packets

Timestamp	Source Port	Dest Port	Source IP	Dest IP
Mar 20, 2025 14:24:46.384062052 CET	45748	53	192.168.2.13	1.1.1.1
Mar 20, 2025 14:24:46.384114027 CET	48825	53	192.168.2.13	1.1.1.1
Mar 20, 2025 14:24:46.482556105 CET	53	48825	1.1.1.1	192.168.2.13
Mar 20, 2025 14:24:46.553894997 CET	53	45748	1.1.1.1	192.168.2.13

DNS Queries

Timestamp	Source IP	Dest IP	Trans ID	OP Code	Name	Type	Class	DNS over HTTPS
Mar 20, 2025 14:24:46.384062052 CET	192.168.2.13	1.1.1.1	0xecec	Standard query (0)	daisy.ubuntu.com	A (IP address)	IN (0x0001)	false
Mar 20, 2025 14:24:46.384114027 CET	192.168.2.13	1.1.1.1	0x9346	Standard query (0)	daisy.ubuntu.com	28	IN (0x0001)	false

DNS Answers

Timestamp	Source IP	Dest IP	Trans ID	Reply Code	Name	CName	Address	Type	Class	DNS over HTTPS
Mar 20, 2025 14:24:46.553894997 CET	1.1.1.1	192.168.2.13	0xecec	No error (0)	daisy.ubuntu.com		162.213.35.24	A (IP address)	IN (0x0001)	false
Mar 20, 2025 14:24:46.553894997 CET	1.1.1.1	192.168.2.13	0xecec	No error (0)	daisy.ubuntu.com		162.213.35.25	A (IP address)	IN (0x0001)	false

System Behavior

Analysis Process: arm5.elf PID: 5421, Parent PID: 5342

General

Start time (UTC):	13:24:43
Start date (UTC):	20/03/2025
Path:	/tmp/arm5.elf
Arguments:	/tmp/arm5.elf
File size:	4956856 bytes
MD5 hash:	5ebfcae4fe2471fcc5695c2394773ff1

File Activities

File Opened

File Read

Process Activities

Signal Sent

Thread Sleep

System Activities

Query System Information (uname)

Chronological Activities

Analysis Process: dash PID: 5509, Parent PID: 3589

General

Start time (UTC):	13:26:10
Start date (UTC):	20/03/2025
Path:	/usr/bin/dash
Arguments:	-
File size:	129816 bytes
MD5 hash:	1e6b1c887c59a315edb7eb9a315fc84c

Process Activities

Process Overlayed (Exec)

Chronological Activities

Analysis Process: rm PID: 5509, Parent PID: 3589

General

Start time (UTC):	13:26:10
Start date (UTC):	20/03/2025
Path:	/usr/bin/rm
Arguments:	rm -f /tmp/tmp.vzlfepkIjS /tmp/tmp.kPG5a446x2 /tmp/tmp.d1EHPtTiJK
File size:	72056 bytes
MD5 hash:	aa2b5496fdbfd88e38791ab81f90b95b

File Activities

File Opened

File Deleted

File Read

Chronological Activities

Analysis Process: dash PID: 5510, Parent PID: 3589

General

Start time (UTC):	13:26:10
Start date (UTC):	20/03/2025
Path:	/usr/bin/dash
Arguments:	-
File size:	129816 bytes
MD5 hash:	1e6b1c887c59a315edb7eb9a315fc84c

Process Activities

Process Overlayed (Exec)

Chronological Activities

Analysis Process: rm PID: 5510, Parent PID: 3589

General

Start time (UTC):	13:26:10
Start date (UTC):	20/03/2025
Path:	/usr/bin/rm
Arguments:	rm -f /tmp/tmp.vzlfepkIjS /tmp/tmp.kPG5a446x2 /tmp/tmp.d1EHPtTiJK
File size:	72056 bytes
MD5 hash:	aa2b5496fdbfd88e38791ab81f90b95b

Description:	Adversaries may attempt to make an executable or file difficult to discover or analyze by encrypting, encoding, or otherwise obfuscating its contents on the system or in transit. This is common behavior that can be used across different platforms and the network to evade defenses.
Tactics:	Defense Evasion
Data Sources:	Command: Command Execution, File: File Creation, File: File Metadata, Module: Module Load, Process: OS API Execution, Process: Process Creation, Script: Script Execution, WMI: WMI Creation, Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Creation
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may delete files left behind by the actions of their intrusion activity. Malware, tools, or other non-native files dropped or created on a system by an adversary (ex: Ingress Tool Transfer ) may leave traces to indicate to what was done within a network and how. Removal of these files can occur during an intrusion, or as part of a post-intrusion process to minimize the adversary's footprint.
Tactics:	Defense Evasion
Data Sources:	Command: Command Execution, File: File Deletion
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of security software, configurations, defensive tools, and sensors that are installed on a system or in a cloud environment. This may include things such as firewall rules and anti-virus. Adversaries may use the information from Security Software Discovery during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether or not the adversary fully infects the target and/or attempts specific actions.
Tactics:	Discovery
Data Sources:	Command: Command Execution, Firewall: Firewall Enumeration, Firewall: Firewall Metadata, Process: OS API Execution, Process: Process Creation
Platforms:	Azure AD, Google Workspace, IaaS, Linux, macOS, Office 365, SaaS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may employ a known encryption algorithm to conceal command and control traffic rather than relying on any inherent protections provided by a communication protocol. Despite the use of a secure algorithm, these implementations may be vulnerable to reverse engineering if secret keys are encoded and/or generated within malware samples/configuration files.
Tactics:	Command and Control
Data Sources:	Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may use an OSI non-application layer protocol for communication between host and C2 server or among infected hosts within a network. The list of possible protocols is extensive.Specific examples include use of network layer protocols, such as the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP), transport layer protocols, such as the User Datagram Protocol (UDP), session layer protocols, such as Socket Secure (SOCKS), as well as redirected/tunneled protocols, such as Serial over LAN (SOL).
Tactics:	Command and Control
Data Sources:	Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Network, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may communicate using OSI application layer protocols to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic. Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server.
Tactics:	Command and Control
Data Sources:	Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Behavior Section

Behavior Chronological

Disassembly

Uncategorized

Graph

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Warning!

Linux Analysis Report arm5.elf

Overview

General Information

Detection

Signatures

Classification

General Information

Runtime Messages

Process Tree

Yara Signatures

Suricata Signatures

Joe Sandbox Signatures

AV Detection

Networking

System Summary

Persistence and Installation Behavior

Hooking and other Techniques for Hiding and Protection

Malware Analysis System Evasion

Mitre Att&ck Matrix

Malware Configuration

Behavior Graph

Antivirus, Machine Learning and Genetic Malware Detection

Initial Sample

Dropped Files

Domains

URLs

Domains and IPs

Contacted Domains

World Map of Contacted IPs

Public IPs

Joe Sandbox View / Context

IPs

Domains

ASNs

JA3 Fingerprints

Dropped Files

Created / dropped Files

Static File Info

General

Static ELF Info

ELF header

Program Segments

Network Behavior

Network Port Distribution

TCP Packets

UDP Packets

DNS Queries

DNS Answers

System Behavior

Analysis Process: arm5.elf PID: 5421, Parent PID: 5342

General

File Activities

File Opened

File Read

Process Activities

Signal Sent

Thread Sleep

System Activities

Query System Information (uname)

Chronological Activities

Analysis Process: dash PID: 5509, Parent PID: 3589

General

Process Activities

Process Overlayed (Exec)

Chronological Activities

Analysis Process: rm PID: 5509, Parent PID: 3589

General

File Activities

File Opened

File Deleted

File Read

Chronological Activities

Analysis Process: dash PID: 5510, Parent PID: 3589

Linux Analysis Report
arm5.elf