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Linux Analysis Report
EdiAf.mips.elf

Overview

General Information

Sample name:	EdiAf.mips.elf
Analysis ID:	1641201
MD5:	709b152da1dd9df90f4416714974c598
SHA1:	6e4938e4962dd9f0acbb16755071e1e2a8b5bf5a
SHA256:	8c16c180651f454f90d065178fe17f3156d6c1ab6a7590aea648ca502978947a
Tags:	elfMiraiuser-abuse_ch
Infos:

Detection

Score:	52
Range:	0 - 100

Signatures

Multi AV Scanner detection for submitted file

Sample is packed with UPX

ELF contains segments with high entropy indicating compressed/encrypted content

Executes the "rm" command used to delete files or directories

Sample contains only a LOAD segment without any section mappings

Tries to connect to HTTP servers, but all servers are down (expired dropper behavior)

Uses the "uname" system call to query kernel version information (possible evasion)

Classification

General Information

Joe Sandbox version:	42.0.0 Malachite
Analysis ID:	1641201
Start date and time:	2025-03-18 04:16:57 +01:00
Joe Sandbox product:	CloudBasic
Overall analysis duration:	0h 4m 51s
Hypervisor based Inspection enabled:	false
Report type:	full
Cookbook file name:	defaultlinuxfilecookbook.jbs
Analysis system description:	Ubuntu Linux 20.04 x64 (Kernel 5.4.0-72, Firefox 91.0, Evince Document Viewer 3.36.10, LibreOffice 6.4.7.2, OpenJDK 11.0.11)
Analysis Mode:	default
Sample name:	EdiAf.mips.elf
Detection:	MAL
Classification:	mal52.evad.linELF@0/0@0/0

Runtime Messages

Command:	/tmp/EdiAf.mips.elf
PID:	6274
Exit Code:	133
Exit Code Info:
Killed:	False
Standard Output:
Standard Error:	qemu: uncaught target signal 5 (Trace/breakpoint trap) - core dumped

Process Tree

system is lnxubuntu20

dash New Fork (PID: 6264, Parent: 4331)

rm (PID: 6264, Parent: 4331, MD5: aa2b5496fdbfd88e38791ab81f90b95b) Arguments: rm -f /tmp/tmp.PXKpcls1Mg /tmp/tmp.y9ZONckIK1 /tmp/tmp.1XprJi8jC3

dash New Fork (PID: 6265, Parent: 4331)

rm (PID: 6265, Parent: 4331, MD5: aa2b5496fdbfd88e38791ab81f90b95b) Arguments: rm -f /tmp/tmp.PXKpcls1Mg /tmp/tmp.y9ZONckIK1 /tmp/tmp.1XprJi8jC3

EdiAf.mips.elf (PID: 6274, Parent: 6196, MD5: 0083f1f0e77be34ad27f849842bbb00c) Arguments: /tmp/EdiAf.mips.elf

cleanup

Yara Signatures

⊘No yara matches

Suricata Signatures

⊘No Suricata rule has matched

Joe Sandbox Signatures

• AV Detection
• Networking
• System Summary
• Data Obfuscation
• Persistence and Installation Behavior
• Hooking and other Techniques for Hiding and Protection
• Malware Analysis System Evasion

Click to jump to signature section

Show All Signature Results

AV Detection

Multi AV Scanner detection for submitted file

Source: EdiAf.mips.elf	Virustotal: Detection: 39%			Perma Link
Source: EdiAf.mips.elf	ReversingLabs: Detection: 38%

Source: global traffic	TCP traffic: 192.168.2.23:43928 -> 91.189.91.42:443
Source: global traffic	TCP traffic: 192.168.2.23:42836 -> 91.189.91.43:443
Source: global traffic	TCP traffic: 192.168.2.23:42516 -> 109.202.202.202:80

Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.42
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.43
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.42
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 109.202.202.202
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.43
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.42

Source: EdiAf.mips.elf

String found in binary or memory: http://upx.sf.net

Source: unknown	Network traffic detected: HTTP traffic on port 43928 -> 443
Source: unknown	Network traffic detected: HTTP traffic on port 42836 -> 443

Source: LOAD without section mappings

Program segment: 0x400000

Source: classification engine

Classification label: mal52.evad.linELF@0/0@0/0

Data Obfuscation

Sample is packed with UPX

Source: initial sample	String containing UPX found: $Info: This file is packed with the UPX executable packer http://upx.sf.net $
Source: initial sample	String containing UPX found: $Info: This file is packed with the UPX executable packer http://upx.sf.net $
Source: initial sample	String containing UPX found: $Id: UPX 3.95 Copyright (C) 1996-2018 the UPX Team. All Rights Reserved. $

Source: /usr/bin/dash (PID: 6264)	Rm executable: /usr/bin/rm -> rm -f /tmp/tmp.PXKpcls1Mg /tmp/tmp.y9ZONckIK1 /tmp/tmp.1XprJi8jC3			Jump to behavior
Source: /usr/bin/dash (PID: 6265)	Rm executable: /usr/bin/rm -> rm -f /tmp/tmp.PXKpcls1Mg /tmp/tmp.y9ZONckIK1 /tmp/tmp.1XprJi8jC3			Jump to behavior

Source: EdiAf.mips.elf

Submission file: segment LOAD with 7.9156 entropy (max. 8.0)

Source: /tmp/EdiAf.mips.elf (PID: 6274)

Queries kernel information via 'uname':

Jump to behavior

Source: EdiAf.mips.elf, 6274.1.00007ffc5d816000.00007ffc5d837000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: x86_64/usr/bin/qemu-mips/tmp/EdiAf.mips.elfSUDO_USER=saturninoPATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/snap/binDISPLAY=:1.0XAUTHORITY=/run/user/1000/gdm/XauthoritySUDO_UID=1000TERM=xterm-256colorCOLORTERM=truecolorLOGNAME=rootUSER=rootLANG=en_US.UTF-8SUDO_COMMAND=/bin/bashHOME=/rootMAIL=/var/mail/rootSUDO_GID=1000SHELL=/bin/bash/tmp/EdiAf.mips.elf
Source: EdiAf.mips.elf, 6274.1.0000563e6572c000.0000563e657b3000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: /etc/qemu-binfmt/mips
Source: EdiAf.mips.elf, 6274.1.0000563e6572c000.0000563e657b3000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: te>V!/etc/qemu-binfmt/mips
Source: EdiAf.mips.elf, 6274.1.00007ffc5d816000.00007ffc5d837000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: /usr/bin/qemu-mips
Source: EdiAf.mips.elf, 6274.1.00007ffc5d816000.00007ffc5d837000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: qemu: uncaught target signal 5 (Trace/breakpoint trap) - core dumped

Mitre Att&ck Matrix

Reconnaissance	Resource Development	Initial Access	Execution	Persistence	Privilege Escalation	Defense Evasion	Credential Access	Discovery	Lateral Movement	Collection	Command and Control	Exfiltration	Impact
Gather Victim Identity Information	Acquire Infrastructure	Valid Accounts	Windows Management Instrumentation	Path Interception	Path Interception	11 Obfuscated Files or Information	OS Credential Dumping	11 Security Software Discovery	Remote Services	Data from Local System	1 Encrypted Channel	Exfiltration Over Other Network Medium	Abuse Accessibility Features
Credentials	Domains	Default Accounts	Scheduled Task/Job	Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts	Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts	1 File Deletion	LSASS Memory	Application Window Discovery	Remote Desktop Protocol	Data from Removable Media	1 Application Layer Protocol	Exfiltration Over Bluetooth	Network Denial of Service

Malware Configuration

⊘No configs have been found

Behavior Graph

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Legend:

Process
Signature
Created File
DNS/IP Info
Is Dropped
Number of created Files
Is malicious
Internet

Screenshots

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Thumbnails

This section contains all screenshots as thumbnails, including those not shown in the slideshow.

Antivirus, Machine Learning and Genetic Malware Detection

Initial Sample

Source	Detection	Scanner	Label	Link
EdiAf.mips.elf	40%	Virustotal		Browse
EdiAf.mips.elf	39%	ReversingLabs	Linux.Trojan.Mirai

Dropped Files

⊘No Antivirus matches

Domains

⊘No Antivirus matches

URLs

⊘No Antivirus matches

Domains and IPs

Download Network PCAP: filtered – full

Contacted Domains

⊘No contacted domains info

URLs from Memory and Binaries

Name	Source	Malicious	Antivirus Detection	Reputation
http://upx.sf.net	EdiAf.mips.elf	false		high

World Map of Contacted IPs

No. of IPs < 25%
25% < No. of IPs < 50%
50% < No. of IPs < 75%
75% < No. of IPs

Public IPs

IP	Domain	Country	ASN	ASN Name	Malicious
109.202.202.202	unknown	Switzerland	13030	INIT7CH	false
91.189.91.43	unknown	United Kingdom	41231	CANONICAL-ASGB	false
91.189.91.42	unknown	United Kingdom	41231	CANONICAL-ASGB	false

Joe Sandbox View / Context

IPs

Match	Associated Sample Name / URL	SHA 256	Detection	Threat Name	Link	Context
109.202.202.202	kpLwzBouH4.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	ch.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/f/firefox/firefox_92.0%2bbuild3-0ubuntu0.20.04.1_amd64.deb
91.189.91.43	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse
	hgfs.arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	kaizen.sh4.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	boatnet.m68k.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	boatnet.arc.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	sync.arm5.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	sync.x86_64.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	sync.x86.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	sync.mipsel.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	sync.arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
91.189.91.42	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse
	hgfs.arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	kaizen.sh4.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	boatnet.m68k.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	boatnet.arc.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	sync.arm7.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	sync.arm5.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse

Domains

⊘No context

ASNs

Match	Associated Sample Name / URL	SHA 256	Detection	Threat Name	Link	Context
CANONICAL-ASGB	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse	91.189.91.42
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse	91.189.91.42
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse	91.189.91.42
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse	91.189.91.42
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse	185.125.190.26
	hgfs.arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	kaizen.sh4.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	91.189.91.42
	boatnet.arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	185.125.190.26
	boatnet.m68k.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	91.189.91.42
	boatnet.sh4.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	185.125.190.26
CANONICAL-ASGB	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse	91.189.91.42
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse	91.189.91.42
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse	91.189.91.42
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse	91.189.91.42
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse	185.125.190.26
	hgfs.arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	kaizen.sh4.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	91.189.91.42
	boatnet.arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	185.125.190.26
	boatnet.m68k.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	91.189.91.42
	boatnet.sh4.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	185.125.190.26
INIT7CH	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse	109.202.202.202
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse	109.202.202.202
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse	109.202.202.202
	na.elf	Get hash	malicious	Prometei	Browse	109.202.202.202
	hgfs.arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202
	kaizen.sh4.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	109.202.202.202
	boatnet.m68k.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	109.202.202.202
	boatnet.arc.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	109.202.202.202
	sync.arm7.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202
	sync.arm5.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202

JA3 Fingerprints

⊘No context

Dropped Files

⊘No context

Created / dropped Files

⊘No created / dropped files found

Static File Info

General

File type:	ELF 32-bit MSB executable, MIPS, MIPS-I version 1 (SYSV), statically linked, no section header
Entropy (8bit):	7.912329965225993
TrID:	ELF Executable and Linkable format (Linux) (4029/14) 50.16% ELF Executable and Linkable format (generic) (4004/1) 49.84%
File name:	EdiAf.mips.elf
File size:	34'516 bytes
MD5:	709b152da1dd9df90f4416714974c598
SHA1:	6e4938e4962dd9f0acbb16755071e1e2a8b5bf5a
SHA256:	8c16c180651f454f90d065178fe17f3156d6c1ab6a7590aea648ca502978947a
SHA512:	e055647f6c3e6c0df5bb0d12517426f6596d498f615bc183af83844d7773bf06c678af90b489efafc9690f201814b334fb97c339c90e1a9a69d876502f7a4ae7
SSDEEP:	768:Dn4ix6rNOUWcSYTQPTAu20XDw7CXnNSjiizfFJJgGlzDpUYsbp:DRxwdXC/Bzw7pGizBVqYYp
TLSH:	95F2E17E1702287DFE1B703903E917661F964FADA293CC46649BE0D24B6843532B7AC9
File Content Preview:	.ELF.....................@q....4.........4. ...(.............@...@...........................A...A.........8.........#..UPX!..........{p..{p.......U.......?.E.h4...@b..) ..]....E..>...l..*Y>]....x...r..5/NLH...........G...6.s.._=\p.fg.....j\|..l...........

Static ELF Info

ELF header
Class:	ELF32
Data:	2's complement, big endian
Version:	1 (current)
Machine:	MIPS R3000
Version Number:	0x1
Type:	EXEC (Executable file)
OS/ABI:	UNIX - System V
ABI Version:	0
Entry Point Address:	0x407198
Flags:	0x1007
ELF Header Size:	52
Program Header Offset:	52
Program Header Size:	32
Number of Program Headers:	2
Section Header Offset:	0
Section Header Size:	40
Number of Section Headers:	0
Header String Table Index:	0

Program Segments

Type	Offset	Virtual Address	Physical Address	File Size	Memory Size	Entropy	Flags	Flags Description	Align	Prog Interpreter	Section Mappings
LOAD	0x0	0x400000	0x400000	0x85a6	0x85a6	7.9156	0x5	R E	0x10000
LOAD	0x0	0x410000	0x410000	0x0	0x49d38	0.0000	0x6	RW	0x10000

Network Behavior

Download Network PCAP: filtered – full

Network Port Distribution

Total Packets: 6
• 443 (HTTPS)
• 80 (HTTP)

TCP Packets

Timestamp	Source Port	Dest Port	Source IP	Dest IP
Mar 18, 2025 04:18:05.416104078 CET	43928	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.42
Mar 18, 2025 04:18:10.791404009 CET	42836	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.43
Mar 18, 2025 04:18:25.637247086 CET	43928	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.42
Mar 18, 2025 04:18:29.732774973 CET	42516	80	192.168.2.23	109.202.202.202
Mar 18, 2025 04:18:37.923388004 CET	42836	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.43
Mar 18, 2025 04:19:06.591212988 CET	43928	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.42

System Behavior

Analysis Process: dash PID: 6264, Parent PID: 4331

General

Start time (UTC):	03:17:56
Start date (UTC):	18/03/2025
Path:	/usr/bin/dash
Arguments:	-
File size:	129816 bytes
MD5 hash:	1e6b1c887c59a315edb7eb9a315fc84c

Process Activities

Process Overlayed (Exec)

Chronological Activities

Analysis Process: rm PID: 6264, Parent PID: 4331

General

Start time (UTC):	03:17:56
Start date (UTC):	18/03/2025
Path:	/usr/bin/rm
Arguments:	rm -f /tmp/tmp.PXKpcls1Mg /tmp/tmp.y9ZONckIK1 /tmp/tmp.1XprJi8jC3
File size:	72056 bytes
MD5 hash:	aa2b5496fdbfd88e38791ab81f90b95b

File Activities

File Opened

File Deleted

File Read

Chronological Activities

Analysis Process: dash PID: 6265, Parent PID: 4331

General

Start time (UTC):	03:17:56
Start date (UTC):	18/03/2025
Path:	/usr/bin/dash
Arguments:	-
File size:	129816 bytes
MD5 hash:	1e6b1c887c59a315edb7eb9a315fc84c

Process Activities

Process Overlayed (Exec)

Chronological Activities

Analysis Process: rm PID: 6265, Parent PID: 4331

General

Start time (UTC):	03:17:56
Start date (UTC):	18/03/2025
Path:	/usr/bin/rm
Arguments:	rm -f /tmp/tmp.PXKpcls1Mg /tmp/tmp.y9ZONckIK1 /tmp/tmp.1XprJi8jC3
File size:	72056 bytes
MD5 hash:	aa2b5496fdbfd88e38791ab81f90b95b

File Activities

File Opened

File Deleted

File Read

Chronological Activities

Analysis Process: EdiAf.mips.elf PID: 6274, Parent PID: 6196

General

Start time (UTC):	03:18:03
Start date (UTC):	18/03/2025
Path:	/tmp/EdiAf.mips.elf
Arguments:	/tmp/EdiAf.mips.elf
File size:	5777432 bytes
MD5 hash:	0083f1f0e77be34ad27f849842bbb00c

Description:	Adversaries may attempt to make an executable or file difficult to discover or analyze by encrypting, encoding, or otherwise obfuscating its contents on the system or in transit. This is common behavior that can be used across different platforms and the network to evade defenses.
Tactics:	Defense Evasion
Data Sources:	Command: Command Execution, File: File Creation, File: File Metadata, Module: Module Load, Process: OS API Execution, Process: Process Creation, Script: Script Execution, WMI: WMI Creation, Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Creation
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may delete files left behind by the actions of their intrusion activity. Malware, tools, or other non-native files dropped or created on a system by an adversary (ex: Ingress Tool Transfer ) may leave traces to indicate to what was done within a network and how. Removal of these files can occur during an intrusion, or as part of a post-intrusion process to minimize the adversary's footprint.
Tactics:	Defense Evasion
Data Sources:	Command: Command Execution, File: File Deletion
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of security software, configurations, defensive tools, and sensors that are installed on a system or in a cloud environment. This may include things such as firewall rules and anti-virus. Adversaries may use the information from Security Software Discovery during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether or not the adversary fully infects the target and/or attempts specific actions.
Tactics:	Discovery
Data Sources:	Command: Command Execution, Firewall: Firewall Enumeration, Firewall: Firewall Metadata, Process: OS API Execution, Process: Process Creation
Platforms:	Azure AD, Google Workspace, IaaS, Linux, macOS, Office 365, SaaS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may employ a known encryption algorithm to conceal command and control traffic rather than relying on any inherent protections provided by a communication protocol. Despite the use of a secure algorithm, these implementations may be vulnerable to reverse engineering if secret keys are encoded and/or generated within malware samples/configuration files.
Tactics:	Command and Control
Data Sources:	Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may communicate using OSI application layer protocols to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic. Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server.
Tactics:	Command and Control
Data Sources:	Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Behavior Section

Behavior Chronological

Disassembly

Uncategorized

Graph

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Warning!

Linux Analysis Report EdiAf.mips.elf

Overview

General Information

Detection

Signatures

Classification

General Information

Runtime Messages

Process Tree

Yara Signatures

Suricata Signatures

Joe Sandbox Signatures

AV Detection

Networking

System Summary

Data Obfuscation

Persistence and Installation Behavior

Hooking and other Techniques for Hiding and Protection

Malware Analysis System Evasion

Mitre Att&ck Matrix

Malware Configuration

Behavior Graph

Screenshots

Thumbnails

Antivirus, Machine Learning and Genetic Malware Detection

Initial Sample

Dropped Files

Domains

URLs

Domains and IPs

Contacted Domains

URLs from Memory and Binaries

World Map of Contacted IPs

Public IPs

Joe Sandbox View / Context

IPs

Domains

ASNs

JA3 Fingerprints

Dropped Files

Created / dropped Files

Static File Info

General

Static ELF Info

ELF header

Program Segments

Network Behavior

Network Port Distribution

TCP Packets

System Behavior

Analysis Process: dash PID: 6264, Parent PID: 4331

General

Process Activities

Process Overlayed (Exec)

Chronological Activities

Analysis Process: rm PID: 6264, Parent PID: 4331

General

File Activities

File Opened

File Deleted

File Read

Chronological Activities

Analysis Process: dash PID: 6265, Parent PID: 4331

General

Process Activities

Process Overlayed (Exec)

Chronological Activities

Analysis Process: rm PID: 6265, Parent PID: 4331

General

File Activities

File Opened

File Deleted

File Read

Linux Analysis Report
EdiAf.mips.elf