Joe Sandbox Cloud Basic Analysis Report
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Linux Analysis Report
loki.arm6.elf

Overview

General Information

Sample name:loki.arm6.elf
Analysis ID:1597871
MD5:80d7f08f7a9ff65dbc5d0b3ea34f41a5
SHA1:e6859e5736c2758fcdfe129f8c4da3e7aa1718ca
SHA256:1b237647f78db33e994b5798692423d05c6bf7c90113e81d02b67ddaca1a9b6c
Tags:elfuser-abuse_ch
Infos:

Detection

Mirai
Score:64
Range:0 - 100
Whitelisted:false

Signatures

Antivirus / Scanner detection for submitted sample
Multi AV Scanner detection for submitted file
Yara detected Mirai
Sample has stripped symbol table
Uses the "uname" system call to query kernel version information (possible evasion)

Classification

RansomwareSpreadingPhishingBankerTrojan / BotAdwareSpywareExploiterEvaderMinercleansuspiciousmalicious

General Information

Joe Sandbox version:42.0.0 Malachite
Analysis ID:1597871
Start date and time:2025-01-23 18:43:33 +01:00
Joe Sandbox product:CloudBasic
Overall analysis duration:0h 4m 39s
Hypervisor based Inspection enabled:false
Report type:full
Cookbook file name:defaultlinuxfilecookbook.jbs
Analysis system description:Ubuntu Linux 20.04 x64 (Kernel 5.4.0-72, Firefox 91.0, Evince Document Viewer 3.36.10, LibreOffice 6.4.7.2, OpenJDK 11.0.11)
Analysis Mode:default
Sample name:loki.arm6.elf
Detection:MAL
Classification:mal64.troj.linELF@0/0@2/0

Runtime Messages

Command:/tmp/loki.arm6.elf
PID:5581
Exit Code:139
Exit Code Info:SIGSEGV (11) Segmentation fault invalid memory reference
Killed:False
Standard Output:

Standard Error:qemu: uncaught target signal 11 (Segmentation fault) - core dumped

Process Tree

  • system is lnxubuntu20
  • loki.arm6.elf (PID: 5581, Parent: 5496, MD5: 5ebfcae4fe2471fcc5695c2394773ff1) Arguments: /tmp/loki.arm6.elf
  • cleanup

Malware Threat Intel

Provided by

NameDescriptionAttributionBlogpost URLsLink
MiraiMirai is one of the first significant botnets targeting exposed networking devices running Linux. Found in August 2016 by MalwareMustDie, its name means "future" in Japanese. Nowadays it targets a wide range of networked embedded devices such as IP cameras, home routers (many vendors involved), and other IoT devices. Since the source code was published on "Hack Forums" many variants of the Mirai family appeared, infecting mostly home networks all around the world.No Attributionhttps://malpedia.caad.fkie.fraunhofer.de/details/elf.mirai

Yara Signatures

Initial Sample

SourceRuleDescriptionAuthorStrings
loki.arm6.elfJoeSecurity_Mirai_9Yara detected MiraiJoe Security

    Memory Dumps

    SourceRuleDescriptionAuthorStrings
    5581.1.00007f0df4017000.00007f0df402a000.r-x.sdmpJoeSecurity_Mirai_9Yara detected MiraiJoe Security

      Suricata Signatures

      ⊘No Suricata rule has matched

      Joe Sandbox Signatures

      • • AV Detection
      • • Networking
      • • System Summary
      • • Malware Analysis System Evasion
      • • Stealing of Sensitive Information
      • • Remote Access Functionality

      Click to jump to signature section

      Show All Signature Results

      AV Detection

      barindex
      Source: loki.arm6.elfAvira: detected
      Source: loki.arm6.elfReversingLabs: Detection: 34%
      Source: global trafficDNS traffic detected: DNS query: daisy.ubuntu.com
      Source: ELF static info symbol of initial sample.symtab present: no
      Source: classification engineClassification label: mal64.troj.linELF@0/0@2/0
      Source: /tmp/loki.arm6.elf (PID: 5581)Queries kernel information via 'uname': Jump to behavior
      Source: loki.arm6.elf, 5581.1.00007fffa6a01000.00007fffa6a22000.rw-.sdmpBinary or memory string: Ax86_64/usr/bin/qemu-arm/tmp/loki.arm6.elfSUDO_USER=saturninoPATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/snap/binDISPLAY=:1.0XAUTHORITY=/run/user/1000/gdm/XauthoritySUDO_UID=1000TERM=xterm-256colorCOLORTERM=truecolorLOGNAME=rootUSER=rootLANG=en_US.UTF-8SUDO_COMMAND=/bin/bashHOME=/rootMAIL=/var/mail/rootSUDO_GID=1000SHELL=/bin/bash/tmp/loki.arm6.elf
      Source: loki.arm6.elf, 5581.1.000055b297815000.000055b297943000.rw-.sdmpBinary or memory string: U!/etc/qemu-binfmt/arm
      Source: loki.arm6.elf, 5581.1.000055b297815000.000055b297943000.rw-.sdmpBinary or memory string: /etc/qemu-binfmt/arm
      Source: loki.arm6.elf, 5581.1.00007fffa6a01000.00007fffa6a22000.rw-.sdmpBinary or memory string: /usr/bin/qemu-arm
      Source: loki.arm6.elf, 5581.1.00007fffa6a01000.00007fffa6a22000.rw-.sdmpBinary or memory string: qemu: uncaught target signal 11 (Segmentation fault) - core dumped

      Stealing of Sensitive Information

      barindex
      Source: Yara matchFile source: loki.arm6.elf, type: SAMPLE
      Source: Yara matchFile source: 5581.1.00007f0df4017000.00007f0df402a000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORY

      Remote Access Functionality

      barindex
      Source: Yara matchFile source: loki.arm6.elf, type: SAMPLE
      Source: Yara matchFile source: 5581.1.00007f0df4017000.00007f0df402a000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORY

      Mitre Att&ck Matrix

      ReconnaissanceResource DevelopmentInitial AccessExecutionPersistencePrivilege EscalationDefense EvasionCredential AccessDiscoveryLateral MovementCollectionCommand and ControlExfiltrationImpact
      Gather Victim Identity InformationAcquire InfrastructureValid AccountsWindows Management InstrumentationPath InterceptionPath InterceptionDirect Volume AccessOS Credential Dumping11
      Security Software Discovery      		Remote ServicesData from Local System1
      Non-Application Layer Protocol      		Exfiltration Over Other Network MediumAbuse Accessibility Features
      CredentialsDomainsDefault AccountsScheduled Task/JobBoot or Logon Initialization ScriptsBoot or Logon Initialization ScriptsRootkitLSASS MemoryApplication Window DiscoveryRemote Desktop ProtocolData from Removable Media1
      Application Layer Protocol      		Exfiltration Over BluetoothNetwork Denial of Service

      Malware Configuration

      ⊘No configs have been found

      Behavior Graph

      Hide Legend

      Legend:

      • Process
      • Signature
      • Created File
      • DNS/IP Info
      • Is Dropped
      • Number of created Files
      • Is malicious
      • Internet
      behaviorgraph top1 dnsIp2 2 Behavior Graph ID: 1597871 Sample: loki.arm6.elf Startdate: 23/01/2025 Architecture: LINUX Score: 64 8 daisy.ubuntu.com 2->8 10 Antivirus / Scanner detection for submitted sample 2->10 12 Multi AV Scanner detection for submitted file 2->12 14 Yara detected Mirai 2->14 6 loki.arm6.elf 2->6         started        signatures3 process4

      Antivirus, Machine Learning and Genetic Malware Detection

      Initial Sample

      SourceDetectionScannerLabelLink
      loki.arm6.elf34%ReversingLabsLinux.Backdoor.Mirai
      loki.arm6.elf100%AviraEXP/ELF.Mirai.W

      Dropped Files

      ⊘No Antivirus matches

      Domains

      ⊘No Antivirus matches

      URLs

      ⊘No Antivirus matches

      Domains and IPs

      Download Network PCAP: filtered – full

      Contacted Domains

      NameIPActiveMaliciousAntivirus DetectionReputation
      daisy.ubuntu.com
      		162.213.35.24
      		truefalse
        		high

        World Map of Contacted IPs

        ⊘No contacted IP infos

        Joe Sandbox View / Context

        IPs

        ⊘No context

        Domains

        MatchAssociated Sample Name / URLSHA 256DetectionThreat NameLinkContext
        daisy.ubuntu.comKloki.arm6.elfGet hashmaliciousMiraiBrowse
        • 162.213.35.24
        arm6.elfGet hashmaliciousMoobotBrowse
        • 162.213.35.24
        arm5.elfGet hashmaliciousMoobotBrowse
        • 162.213.35.25
        telnet.mips.elfGet hashmaliciousUnknownBrowse
        • 162.213.35.25
        telnet.arm5.elfGet hashmaliciousUnknownBrowse
        • 162.213.35.24
        telnet.arm6.elfGet hashmaliciousUnknownBrowse
        • 162.213.35.25
        armv4l.elfGet hashmaliciousGafgyt, MiraiBrowse
        • 162.213.35.25
        telnet.arm7.elfGet hashmaliciousUnknownBrowse
        • 162.213.35.24
        m68k.elfGet hashmaliciousGafgyt, MiraiBrowse
        • 162.213.35.25
        powerpc.elfGet hashmaliciousGafgyt, MiraiBrowse
        • 162.213.35.24

        ASNs

        ⊘No context

        JA3 Fingerprints

        ⊘No context

        Dropped Files

        ⊘No context

        Created / dropped Files

        ⊘No created / dropped files found

        Static File Info

        General

        File type:ELF 32-bit LSB executable, ARM, EABI4 version 1 (SYSV), statically linked, stripped
        Entropy (8bit):6.069325353165738
        TrID:
        • ELF Executable and Linkable format (generic) (4004/1) 100.00%
        File name:loki.arm6.elf
        File size:79'196 bytes
        MD5:80d7f08f7a9ff65dbc5d0b3ea34f41a5
        SHA1:e6859e5736c2758fcdfe129f8c4da3e7aa1718ca
        SHA256:1b237647f78db33e994b5798692423d05c6bf7c90113e81d02b67ddaca1a9b6c
        SHA512:a4d976b5bc0dfa8813d5146e3704e03e61827ce3468cbaf6d6b92de4c884a971fd093716119ed92bf1fc076311efd50331a8645c353e64b7ec7106263785a951
        SSDEEP:1536:EAn40WnTj0RN4H9r6yCVgdgPMKBF3JcsIvintxcYzTCamnK5txYin:18TWq9r/Vy0ItxcYzTCagKzxPn
        TLSH:7E732A55BC819B12C5D512BAFA2E118E3313277CE3DFB3129D106F25778A96B0E7BA01
        File Content Preview:.ELF..............(.....T...4...|3......4. ...(......................,...,...............0...0...0..................Q.td..................................-...L..................@-.,@...0....S..... 0....S.........../..0...0...@..../..3.......0....-.@0....S

        Static ELF Info

        ELF header

        Class:ELF32
        Data:2's complement, little endian
        Version:1 (current)
        Machine:ARM
        Version Number:0x1
        Type:EXEC (Executable file)
        OS/ABI:UNIX - System V
        ABI Version:0
        Entry Point Address:0x8154
        Flags:0x4000002
        ELF Header Size:52
        Program Header Offset:52
        Program Header Size:32
        Number of Program Headers:3
        Section Header Offset:78716
        Section Header Size:40
        Number of Section Headers:12
        Header String Table Index:11

        Sections

        NameTypeAddressOffsetSizeEntSizeFlagsFlags DescriptionLinkInfoAlign
        NULL0x00x00x00x00x0000
        .initPROGBITS0x80940x940x100x00x6AX004
        .textPROGBITS0x80b00xb00x118c80x00x6AX0016
        .finiPROGBITS0x199780x119780x100x00x6AX004
        .rodataPROGBITS0x199880x119880x13600x00x2A008
        .init_arrayINIT_ARRAY0x230040x130080x40x00x3WA004
        .fini_arrayFINI_ARRAY0x230080x1300c0x40x00x3WA004
        .gotPROGBITS0x230100x130140x780x40x3WA004
        .dataPROGBITS0x230880x1308c0x2800x00x3WA004
        .bssNOBITS0x233080x1330c0x34940x00x3WA004
        .ARM.attributesARM_ATTRIBUTES0x00x1330c0x100x00x0001
        .shstrtabSTRTAB0x00x1331c0x5d0x00x0001

        Program Segments

        TypeOffsetVirtual AddressPhysical AddressFile SizeMemory SizeEntropyFlagsFlags DescriptionAlignProg InterpreterSection Mappings
        LOAD0x00x80000x80000x12ce80x12ce86.12400x5R E0x8000.init .text .fini .rodata
        LOAD0x130040x230040x230000x3080xb7983.87250x6RW 0x8000.init_array .fini_array .got .data .bss
        GNU_STACK0x00x00x00x00x00.00000x7RWE0x4

        Network Behavior

        Download Network PCAP: filtered – full

        TimestampSource PortDest PortSource IPDest IP
        Jan 23, 2025 18:44:38.486318111 CET3312653192.168.2.148.8.8.8
        Jan 23, 2025 18:44:38.486318111 CET4382653192.168.2.148.8.8.8
        Jan 23, 2025 18:44:38.492855072 CET53438268.8.8.8192.168.2.14
        Jan 23, 2025 18:44:38.493068933 CET53331268.8.8.8192.168.2.14

        DNS Queries

        TimestampSource IPDest IPTrans IDOP CodeNameTypeClassDNS over HTTPS
        Jan 23, 2025 18:44:38.486318111 CET192.168.2.148.8.8.80xfb28Standard query (0)daisy.ubuntu.comA (IP address)IN (0x0001)false
        Jan 23, 2025 18:44:38.486318111 CET192.168.2.148.8.8.80x82b9Standard query (0)daisy.ubuntu.com28IN (0x0001)false

        DNS Answers

        TimestampSource IPDest IPTrans IDReply CodeNameCNameAddressTypeClassDNS over HTTPS
        Jan 23, 2025 18:44:38.493068933 CET8.8.8.8192.168.2.140xfb28No error (0)daisy.ubuntu.com162.213.35.24A (IP address)IN (0x0001)false
        Jan 23, 2025 18:44:38.493068933 CET8.8.8.8192.168.2.140xfb28No error (0)daisy.ubuntu.com162.213.35.25A (IP address)IN (0x0001)false

        System Behavior

        General

        Start time (UTC):17:44:36
        Start date (UTC):23/01/2025
        Path:/tmp/loki.arm6.elf
        Arguments:/tmp/loki.arm6.elf
        File size:4956856 bytes
        MD5 hash:5ebfcae4fe2471fcc5695c2394773ff1

        File Activities

        Process Activities

        System Activities