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Linux Analysis Report
bin.sh.elf

Overview

General Information

Sample name:bin.sh.elf
Analysis ID:1585701
MD5:fa758b70b7d823c79b433e267236078b
SHA1:0635bc498af6d0bf5da0d266c8730703b83c757d
SHA256:0f7dfe94f22cf0c741ce1a166a54c05a6bef22e32e42608b95fe345f46c69635
Tags:elfuser-abuse_ch
Infos:

Detection

Mirai
Score:76
Range:0 - 100
Whitelisted:false

Signatures

Antivirus / Scanner detection for submitted sample
Malicious sample detected (through community Yara rule)
Multi AV Scanner detection for submitted file
Yara detected Mirai
Sample is packed with UPX
ELF contains segments with high entropy indicating compressed/encrypted content
Executes the "rm" command used to delete files or directories
Sample contains only a LOAD segment without any section mappings
Uses the "uname" system call to query kernel version information (possible evasion)
Yara signature match

Classification

Joe Sandbox version:41.0.0 Charoite
Analysis ID:1585701
Start date and time:2025-01-08 04:11:06 +01:00
Joe Sandbox product:CloudBasic
Overall analysis duration:0h 4m 12s
Hypervisor based Inspection enabled:false
Report type:full
Cookbook file name:defaultlinuxfilecookbook.jbs
Analysis system description:Ubuntu Linux 20.04 x64 (Kernel 5.4.0-72, Firefox 91.0, Evince Document Viewer 3.36.10, LibreOffice 6.4.7.2, OpenJDK 11.0.11)
Analysis Mode:default
Sample name:bin.sh.elf
Detection:MAL
Classification:mal76.troj.evad.linELF@0/0@2/0
  • VT rate limit hit for: http://%s:%d/Mozi.a;chmod
  • VT rate limit hit for: http://%s:%d/Mozi.a;sh$
  • VT rate limit hit for: http://%s:%d/Mozi.m;$
  • VT rate limit hit for: http://%s:%d/Mozi.m;/tmp/Mozi.m
Command:/tmp/bin.sh.elf
PID:5426
Exit Code:133
Exit Code Info:
Killed:False
Standard Output:

Standard Error:qemu: uncaught target signal 5 (Trace/breakpoint trap) - core dumped
  • system is lnxubuntu20
  • dash New Fork (PID: 5411, Parent: 3580)
  • rm (PID: 5411, Parent: 3580, MD5: aa2b5496fdbfd88e38791ab81f90b95b) Arguments: rm -f /tmp/tmp.kuKrJniqdE /tmp/tmp.7dz1EeoFlM /tmp/tmp.GYLiPaGNNM
  • dash New Fork (PID: 5412, Parent: 3580)
  • rm (PID: 5412, Parent: 3580, MD5: aa2b5496fdbfd88e38791ab81f90b95b) Arguments: rm -f /tmp/tmp.kuKrJniqdE /tmp/tmp.7dz1EeoFlM /tmp/tmp.GYLiPaGNNM
  • bin.sh.elf (PID: 5426, Parent: 5347, MD5: 0083f1f0e77be34ad27f849842bbb00c) Arguments: /tmp/bin.sh.elf
  • cleanup
NameDescriptionAttributionBlogpost URLsLink
MiraiMirai is one of the first significant botnets targeting exposed networking devices running Linux. Found in August 2016 by MalwareMustDie, its name means "future" in Japanese. Nowadays it targets a wide range of networked embedded devices such as IP cameras, home routers (many vendors involved), and other IoT devices. Since the source code was published on "Hack Forums" many variants of the Mirai family appeared, infecting mostly home networks all around the world.No Attributionhttps://malpedia.caad.fkie.fraunhofer.de/details/elf.mirai
SourceRuleDescriptionAuthorStrings
bin.sh.elfJoeSecurity_Mirai_4Yara detected MiraiJoe Security
    bin.sh.elfLinux_Packer_Patched_UPX_62e11c64unknownunknown
    • 0x78:$a: 55 50 58 21 0A 58 0D 89 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
    SourceRuleDescriptionAuthorStrings
    5426.1.00007fee18400000.00007fee18422000.r-x.sdmpLinux_Packer_Patched_UPX_62e11c64unknownunknown
    • 0x78:$a: 55 50 58 21 0A 58 0D 89 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
    No Suricata rule has matched

    Click to jump to signature section

    Show All Signature Results

    AV Detection

    barindex
    Source: bin.sh.elfAvira: detected
    Source: bin.sh.elfVirustotal: Detection: 61%Perma Link
    Source: bin.sh.elfReversingLabs: Detection: 57%
    Source: unknownUDP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 1.1.1.1
    Source: unknownUDP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 1.1.1.1
    Source: global trafficDNS traffic detected: DNS query: daisy.ubuntu.com
    Source: bin.sh.elfString found in binary or memory: http://%s:%d/Mozi.a;chmod
    Source: bin.sh.elfString found in binary or memory: http://%s:%d/Mozi.a;sh$
    Source: bin.sh.elfString found in binary or memory: http://%s:%d/Mozi.m;$
    Source: bin.sh.elfString found in binary or memory: http://%s:%d/Mozi.m;/tmp/Mozi.m
    Source: bin.sh.elfString found in binary or memory: http://purenetworks.com/HNAP1/
    Source: bin.sh.elfString found in binary or memory: http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/
    Source: bin.sh.elfString found in binary or memory: http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/
    Source: bin.sh.elfString found in binary or memory: http://upx.sf.net

    System Summary

    barindex
    Source: bin.sh.elf, type: SAMPLEMatched rule: Linux_Packer_Patched_UPX_62e11c64 Author: unknown
    Source: 5426.1.00007fee18400000.00007fee18422000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORYMatched rule: Linux_Packer_Patched_UPX_62e11c64 Author: unknown
    Source: LOAD without section mappingsProgram segment: 0x400000
    Source: bin.sh.elf, type: SAMPLEMatched rule: Linux_Packer_Patched_UPX_62e11c64 reference_sample = 02f81a1e1edcb9032a1d7256a002b11e1e864b2e9989f5d24ea1c9b507895669, os = linux, severity = x86, creation_date = 2021-06-08, scan_context = file, reference = https://cujo.com/upx-anti-unpacking-techniques-in-iot-malware/, license = Elastic License v2, threat_name = Linux.Packer.Patched_UPX, fingerprint = 3297b5c63e70c557e71b739428b453039b142e1e04c2ab15eea4627d023b686d, id = 62e11c64-fc7d-4a0a-9d72-ad53ec3987ff, last_modified = 2021-07-28
    Source: 5426.1.00007fee18400000.00007fee18422000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORYMatched rule: Linux_Packer_Patched_UPX_62e11c64 reference_sample = 02f81a1e1edcb9032a1d7256a002b11e1e864b2e9989f5d24ea1c9b507895669, os = linux, severity = x86, creation_date = 2021-06-08, scan_context = file, reference = https://cujo.com/upx-anti-unpacking-techniques-in-iot-malware/, license = Elastic License v2, threat_name = Linux.Packer.Patched_UPX, fingerprint = 3297b5c63e70c557e71b739428b453039b142e1e04c2ab15eea4627d023b686d, id = 62e11c64-fc7d-4a0a-9d72-ad53ec3987ff, last_modified = 2021-07-28
    Source: classification engineClassification label: mal76.troj.evad.linELF@0/0@2/0

    Data Obfuscation

    barindex
    Source: initial sampleString containing UPX found: $Info: This file is packed with the UPX executable packer http://upx.sf.net $
    Source: initial sampleString containing UPX found: $Info: This file is packed with the UPX executable packer http://upx.sf.net $
    Source: initial sampleString containing UPX found: $Id: UPX 3.95 Copyright (C) 1996-2018 the UPX Team. All Rights Reserved. $
    Source: /usr/bin/dash (PID: 5411)Rm executable: /usr/bin/rm -> rm -f /tmp/tmp.kuKrJniqdE /tmp/tmp.7dz1EeoFlM /tmp/tmp.GYLiPaGNNMJump to behavior
    Source: /usr/bin/dash (PID: 5412)Rm executable: /usr/bin/rm -> rm -f /tmp/tmp.kuKrJniqdE /tmp/tmp.7dz1EeoFlM /tmp/tmp.GYLiPaGNNMJump to behavior
    Source: bin.sh.elfSubmission file: segment LOAD with 7.8156 entropy (max. 8.0)
    Source: /tmp/bin.sh.elf (PID: 5426)Queries kernel information via 'uname': Jump to behavior
    Source: bin.sh.elf, 5426.1.00007ffcbc078000.00007ffcbc099000.rw-.sdmpBinary or memory string: 5x86_64/usr/bin/qemu-mips/tmp/bin.sh.elfSUDO_USER=saturninoPATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/snap/binDISPLAY=:1.0XAUTHORITY=/run/user/1000/gdm/XauthoritySUDO_UID=1000TERM=xterm-256colorCOLORTERM=truecolorLOGNAME=rootUSER=rootLANG=en_US.UTF-8SUDO_COMMAND=/bin/bashHOME=/rootMAIL=/var/mail/rootSUDO_GID=1000SHELL=/bin/bash/tmp/bin.sh.elf
    Source: bin.sh.elf, 5426.1.000055f12d0ec000.000055f12d173000.rw-.sdmpBinary or memory string: U!/etc/qemu-binfmt/mips
    Source: bin.sh.elf, 5426.1.000055f12d0ec000.000055f12d173000.rw-.sdmpBinary or memory string: /etc/qemu-binfmt/mips
    Source: bin.sh.elf, 5426.1.00007ffcbc078000.00007ffcbc099000.rw-.sdmpBinary or memory string: /usr/bin/qemu-mips
    Source: bin.sh.elf, 5426.1.00007ffcbc078000.00007ffcbc099000.rw-.sdmpBinary or memory string: qemu: uncaught target signal 5 (Trace/breakpoint trap) - core dumped

    Stealing of Sensitive Information

    barindex
    Source: Yara matchFile source: bin.sh.elf, type: SAMPLE

    Remote Access Functionality

    barindex
    Source: Yara matchFile source: bin.sh.elf, type: SAMPLE
    ReconnaissanceResource DevelopmentInitial AccessExecutionPersistencePrivilege EscalationDefense EvasionCredential AccessDiscoveryLateral MovementCollectionCommand and ControlExfiltrationImpact
    Gather Victim Identity InformationAcquire InfrastructureValid AccountsWindows Management InstrumentationPath InterceptionPath Interception11
    Obfuscated Files or Information
    OS Credential Dumping11
    Security Software Discovery
    Remote ServicesData from Local System1
    Non-Application Layer Protocol
    Exfiltration Over Other Network MediumAbuse Accessibility Features
    CredentialsDomainsDefault AccountsScheduled Task/JobBoot or Logon Initialization ScriptsBoot or Logon Initialization Scripts1
    File Deletion
    LSASS MemoryApplication Window DiscoveryRemote Desktop ProtocolData from Removable Media1
    Application Layer Protocol
    Exfiltration Over BluetoothNetwork Denial of Service
    No configs have been found
    Hide Legend

    Legend:

    • Process
    • Signature
    • Created File
    • DNS/IP Info
    • Is Dropped
    • Number of created Files
    • Is malicious
    • Internet

    This section contains all screenshots as thumbnails, including those not shown in the slideshow.


    windows-stand
    SourceDetectionScannerLabelLink
    bin.sh.elf62%VirustotalBrowse
    bin.sh.elf58%ReversingLabsLinux.Trojan.Dakkatoni
    bin.sh.elf100%AviraEXP/ELF.Agent.L.26
    No Antivirus matches
    No Antivirus matches
    No Antivirus matches
    NameIPActiveMaliciousAntivirus DetectionReputation
    daisy.ubuntu.com
    162.213.35.24
    truefalse
      high
      NameSourceMaliciousAntivirus DetectionReputation
      http://upx.sf.netbin.sh.elffalse
        high
        http://%s:%d/Mozi.a;sh$bin.sh.elffalse
          unknown
          http://%s:%d/Mozi.a;chmodbin.sh.elffalse
            unknown
            http://%s:%d/Mozi.m;/tmp/Mozi.mbin.sh.elffalse
              unknown
              http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/bin.sh.elffalse
                high
                http://purenetworks.com/HNAP1/bin.sh.elffalse
                  high
                  http://%s:%d/Mozi.m;$bin.sh.elffalse
                    unknown
                    http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/bin.sh.elffalse
                      high
                      No contacted IP infos
                      No context
                      MatchAssociated Sample Name / URLSHA 256DetectionThreat NameLinkContext
                      daisy.ubuntu.comi686.elfGet hashmaliciousMiraiBrowse
                      • 162.213.35.25
                      la.bot.arm7.elfGet hashmaliciousMiraiBrowse
                      • 162.213.35.24
                      mips.elfGet hashmaliciousMiraiBrowse
                      • 162.213.35.25
                      arm.elfGet hashmaliciousMiraiBrowse
                      • 162.213.35.25
                      i686.elfGet hashmaliciousMiraiBrowse
                      • 162.213.35.24
                      ppc.elfGet hashmaliciousMiraiBrowse
                      • 162.213.35.25
                      Aqua.m68k.elfGet hashmaliciousMiraiBrowse
                      • 162.213.35.24
                      arm6.elfGet hashmaliciousMiraiBrowse
                      • 162.213.35.24
                      mips.elfGet hashmaliciousMiraiBrowse
                      • 162.213.35.25
                      arm7.elfGet hashmaliciousMiraiBrowse
                      • 162.213.35.24
                      No context
                      No context
                      No context
                      No created / dropped files found
                      File type:ELF 32-bit MSB executable, MIPS, MIPS-I version 1 (SYSV), statically linked, no section header
                      Entropy (8bit):4.5013354384544595
                      TrID:
                      • ELF Executable and Linkable format (Linux) (4029/14) 50.16%
                      • ELF Executable and Linkable format (generic) (4004/1) 49.84%
                      File name:bin.sh.elf
                      File size:307'960 bytes
                      MD5:fa758b70b7d823c79b433e267236078b
                      SHA1:0635bc498af6d0bf5da0d266c8730703b83c757d
                      SHA256:0f7dfe94f22cf0c741ce1a166a54c05a6bef22e32e42608b95fe345f46c69635
                      SHA512:5239f9cd6bc80ca2df31c488bdee023a857a20f1b36fc3ced0f1b1e2bf7de7e0021222bfc3933bddd7806c9f52c5f961c015f23a6387d8c495287b5bb91a3fca
                      SSDEEP:3072:phNlHuBafLeBtfCzpta8xlBIOdVo3/4sxLJ10xio:p3lOYoaja8xzx/0wsxzSi
                      TLSH:37640287EB36BC1FCE001AF225DB4B9D986C675F82C7E0A5B9C0814F17A21857AD2295
                      File Content Preview:.ELF.....................B.....4.........4. ...(.............@...@...........................C...C......../..........*.*UPX!.X.....................^....|.$..ELF..........@.`....4...0... ...(......<...@......[v......H...`.t..;_...dt.Q.....].M..............

                      ELF header

                      Class:ELF32
                      Data:2's complement, big endian
                      Version:1 (current)
                      Machine:MIPS R3000
                      Version Number:0x1
                      Type:EXEC (Executable file)
                      OS/ABI:UNIX - System V
                      ABI Version:0
                      Entry Point Address:0x4206a8
                      Flags:0x1007
                      ELF Header Size:52
                      Program Header Offset:52
                      Program Header Size:32
                      Number of Program Headers:2
                      Section Header Offset:0
                      Section Header Size:40
                      Number of Section Headers:0
                      Header String Table Index:0
                      TypeOffsetVirtual AddressPhysical AddressFile SizeMemory SizeEntropyFlagsFlags DescriptionAlignProg InterpreterSection Mappings
                      LOAD0x00x4000000x4000000x210f20x210f27.81560x5R E0x10000
                      LOAD0x00x4300000x4300000x00x92fd80.00000x6RW 0x10000
                      TimestampSource PortDest PortSource IPDest IP
                      Jan 8, 2025 04:11:46.886919022 CET4520353192.168.2.131.1.1.1
                      Jan 8, 2025 04:11:46.886965036 CET5479753192.168.2.131.1.1.1
                      Jan 8, 2025 04:11:46.893590927 CET53547971.1.1.1192.168.2.13
                      Jan 8, 2025 04:11:46.893659115 CET53452031.1.1.1192.168.2.13
                      TimestampSource IPDest IPTrans IDOP CodeNameTypeClassDNS over HTTPS
                      Jan 8, 2025 04:11:46.886919022 CET192.168.2.131.1.1.10x863fStandard query (0)daisy.ubuntu.comA (IP address)IN (0x0001)false
                      Jan 8, 2025 04:11:46.886965036 CET192.168.2.131.1.1.10x97f2Standard query (0)daisy.ubuntu.com28IN (0x0001)false
                      TimestampSource IPDest IPTrans IDReply CodeNameCNameAddressTypeClassDNS over HTTPS
                      Jan 8, 2025 04:11:46.893659115 CET1.1.1.1192.168.2.130x863fNo error (0)daisy.ubuntu.com162.213.35.24A (IP address)IN (0x0001)false
                      Jan 8, 2025 04:11:46.893659115 CET1.1.1.1192.168.2.130x863fNo error (0)daisy.ubuntu.com162.213.35.25A (IP address)IN (0x0001)false

                      System Behavior

                      Start time (UTC):03:11:36
                      Start date (UTC):08/01/2025
                      Path:/usr/bin/dash
                      Arguments:-
                      File size:129816 bytes
                      MD5 hash:1e6b1c887c59a315edb7eb9a315fc84c

                      Start time (UTC):03:11:36
                      Start date (UTC):08/01/2025
                      Path:/usr/bin/rm
                      Arguments:rm -f /tmp/tmp.kuKrJniqdE /tmp/tmp.7dz1EeoFlM /tmp/tmp.GYLiPaGNNM
                      File size:72056 bytes
                      MD5 hash:aa2b5496fdbfd88e38791ab81f90b95b

                      Start time (UTC):03:11:36
                      Start date (UTC):08/01/2025
                      Path:/usr/bin/dash
                      Arguments:-
                      File size:129816 bytes
                      MD5 hash:1e6b1c887c59a315edb7eb9a315fc84c

                      Start time (UTC):03:11:36
                      Start date (UTC):08/01/2025
                      Path:/usr/bin/rm
                      Arguments:rm -f /tmp/tmp.kuKrJniqdE /tmp/tmp.7dz1EeoFlM /tmp/tmp.GYLiPaGNNM
                      File size:72056 bytes
                      MD5 hash:aa2b5496fdbfd88e38791ab81f90b95b

                      Start time (UTC):03:11:45
                      Start date (UTC):08/01/2025
                      Path:/tmp/bin.sh.elf
                      Arguments:/tmp/bin.sh.elf
                      File size:5777432 bytes
                      MD5 hash:0083f1f0e77be34ad27f849842bbb00c