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Linux Analysis Report
nshkarm.elf

Overview

General Information

Sample name:	nshkarm.elf
Analysis ID:	1584545
MD5:	a336cffb592f9d1ba635b3a9f1fc5c3e
SHA1:	db439a34f10488204059ffe7b4ee1bbf4fc4d97c
SHA256:	fe144d26e628b5acc082229d2a61959de36042b9987e9267b22b37d755eced84
Tags:	elfuser-abuse_ch
Infos:

Detection

Score:	48
Range:	0 - 100
Whitelisted:	false

Signatures

Multi AV Scanner detection for submitted file

Executes the "rm" command used to delete files or directories

Sample has stripped symbol table

Uses the "uname" system call to query kernel version information (possible evasion)

Classification

General Information

Joe Sandbox version:	41.0.0 Charoite
Analysis ID:	1584545
Start date and time:	2025-01-05 20:12:05 +01:00
Joe Sandbox product:	CloudBasic
Overall analysis duration:	0h 4m 30s
Hypervisor based Inspection enabled:	false
Report type:	full
Cookbook file name:	defaultlinuxfilecookbook.jbs
Analysis system description:	Ubuntu Linux 20.04 x64 (Kernel 5.4.0-72, Firefox 91.0, Evince Document Viewer 3.36.10, LibreOffice 6.4.7.2, OpenJDK 11.0.11)
Analysis Mode:	default
Sample name:	nshkarm.elf
Detection:	MAL
Classification:	mal48.linELF@0/0@0/0

Warnings

VT rate limit hit for: nshkarm.elf

Runtime Messages

Command:	/tmp/nshkarm.elf
PID:	6230
Exit Code:	1
Exit Code Info:
Killed:	False
Standard Output:
Standard Error:

Process Tree

system is lnxubuntu20

nshkarm.elf (PID: 6230, Parent: 6155, MD5: 5ebfcae4fe2471fcc5695c2394773ff1) Arguments: /tmp/nshkarm.elf

dash New Fork (PID: 6237, Parent: 4333)

rm (PID: 6237, Parent: 4333, MD5: aa2b5496fdbfd88e38791ab81f90b95b) Arguments: rm -f /tmp/tmp.iMshOEVWFl /tmp/tmp.4HfFcXRlZn /tmp/tmp.0ItCWnN70d

dash New Fork (PID: 6238, Parent: 4333)

rm (PID: 6238, Parent: 4333, MD5: aa2b5496fdbfd88e38791ab81f90b95b) Arguments: rm -f /tmp/tmp.iMshOEVWFl /tmp/tmp.4HfFcXRlZn /tmp/tmp.0ItCWnN70d

cleanup

Yara Signatures

⊘No yara matches

Suricata Signatures

⊘No Suricata rule has matched

Joe Sandbox Signatures

Click to jump to signature section

Show All Signature Results

AV Detection

Multi AV Scanner detection for submitted file

Source: nshkarm.elf

ReversingLabs: Detection: 18%

Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 54.171.230.55
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.42
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.43
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 109.202.202.202
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.42
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.43
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 109.202.202.202
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.42

Source: unknown	Network traffic detected: HTTP traffic on port 443 -> 33606
Source: unknown	Network traffic detected: HTTP traffic on port 33606 -> 443
Source: unknown	Network traffic detected: HTTP traffic on port 43928 -> 443
Source: unknown	Network traffic detected: HTTP traffic on port 42836 -> 443

Source: ELF static info symbol of initial sample

.symtab present: no

Source: classification engine

Classification label: mal48.linELF@0/0@0/0

Source: /usr/bin/dash (PID: 6237)	Rm executable: /usr/bin/rm -> rm -f /tmp/tmp.iMshOEVWFl /tmp/tmp.4HfFcXRlZn /tmp/tmp.0ItCWnN70d			Jump to behavior
Source: /usr/bin/dash (PID: 6238)	Rm executable: /usr/bin/rm -> rm -f /tmp/tmp.iMshOEVWFl /tmp/tmp.4HfFcXRlZn /tmp/tmp.0ItCWnN70d			Jump to behavior

Source: /tmp/nshkarm.elf (PID: 6230)

Queries kernel information via 'uname':

Jump to behavior

Source: nshkarm.elf, 6230.1.00007ffe32bbd000.00007ffe32bde000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: x86_64/usr/bin/qemu-arm/tmp/nshkarm.elfSUDO_USER=saturninoPATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/snap/binDISPLAY=:1.0XAUTHORITY=/run/user/1000/gdm/XauthoritySUDO_UID=1000TERM=xterm-256colorCOLORTERM=truecolorLOGNAME=rootUSER=rootLANG=en_US.UTF-8SUDO_COMMAND=/bin/bashHOME=/rootMAIL=/var/mail/rootSUDO_GID=1000SHELL=/bin/bash/tmp/nshkarm.elf
Source: nshkarm.elf, 6230.1.000056034ae90000.000056034afbe000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: /etc/qemu-binfmt/arm
Source: nshkarm.elf, 6230.1.00007ffe32bbd000.00007ffe32bde000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: /usr/bin/qemu-arm
Source: nshkarm.elf, 6230.1.000056034ae90000.000056034afbe000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: V!/etc/qemu-binfmt/arm

Mitre Att&ck Matrix

Reconnaissance	Resource Development	Initial Access	Execution	Persistence	Privilege Escalation	Defense Evasion	Credential Access	Discovery	Lateral Movement	Collection	Command and Control	Exfiltration	Impact
Gather Victim Identity Information	Acquire Infrastructure	Valid Accounts	Windows Management Instrumentation	Path Interception	Path Interception	1 File Deletion	OS Credential Dumping	11 Security Software Discovery	Remote Services	Data from Local System	1 Encrypted Channel	Exfiltration Over Other Network Medium	Abuse Accessibility Features
Credentials	Domains	Default Accounts	Scheduled Task/Job	Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts	Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts	Rootkit	LSASS Memory	Application Window Discovery	Remote Desktop Protocol	Data from Removable Media	1 Application Layer Protocol	Exfiltration Over Bluetooth	Network Denial of Service

Malware Configuration

⊘No configs have been found

Behavior Graph

Hide Legend

Legend:

Process
Signature
Created File
DNS/IP Info
Is Dropped
Number of created Files
Is malicious
Internet

Antivirus, Machine Learning and Genetic Malware Detection

Initial Sample

Source	Detection	Scanner	Label	Link
nshkarm.elf	18%	ReversingLabs	Linux.Backdoor.Mirai

Dropped Files

⊘No Antivirus matches

Domains

⊘No Antivirus matches

URLs

⊘No Antivirus matches

Domains and IPs

Contacted Domains

⊘No contacted domains info

World Map of Contacted IPs

No. of IPs < 25%
25% < No. of IPs < 50%
50% < No. of IPs < 75%
75% < No. of IPs

Public IPs

IP	Domain	Country	ASN	ASN Name	Malicious
54.171.230.55	unknown	United States	16509	AMAZON-02US	false
109.202.202.202	unknown	Switzerland	13030	INIT7CH	false
91.189.91.43	unknown	United Kingdom	41231	CANONICAL-ASGB	false
91.189.91.42	unknown	United Kingdom	41231	CANONICAL-ASGB	false

Joe Sandbox View / Context

IPs

Match	Associated Sample Name / URL	SHA 256	Detection	Threat Name	Link	Context
54.171.230.55	arm7.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	Fantazy.arc.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	main.mpsl.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	Space.arm.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	fuckunix.arm.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	fuckunix.mpsl.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	fenty.arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	Mozi.m.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	byte.mpsl.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	Space.m68k.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
109.202.202.202	kpLwzBouH4.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	ch.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/f/firefox/firefox_92.0%2bbuild3-0ubuntu0.20.04.1_amd64.deb
91.189.91.43	Space.mpsl.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	main_m68k.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	arm.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	mips.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	nshkarm7.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	nsharm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	Space.arc.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	arm7.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	arm5.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	ppc.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse

Domains

⊘No context

ASNs

Match	Associated Sample Name / URL	SHA 256	Detection	Threat Name	Link	Context
CANONICAL-ASGB	Space.mpsl.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	main_m68k.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	91.189.91.42
	arm.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	mips.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	nshkarm7.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	nsharm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	Space.arc.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	91.189.91.42
	arm7.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	arm5.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	ppc.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
CANONICAL-ASGB	Space.mpsl.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	main_m68k.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	91.189.91.42
	arm.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	mips.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	nshkarm7.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	nsharm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	Space.arc.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	91.189.91.42
	arm7.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	arm5.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	ppc.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
AMAZON-02US	Space.mpsl.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	34.249.145.219
	arm7.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	54.171.230.55
	Fantazy.arc.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	54.171.230.55
	Fantazy.arm7.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	54.122.159.229
	momo.arm.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	54.72.82.151
	unix.arm5.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	34.249.145.219
	momo.arm7.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	13.238.96.56
	main.mpsl.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	54.171.230.55
	z0r0.m68k.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	18.198.87.236
	z0r0.spc.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	52.37.124.183
INIT7CH	Space.mpsl.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202
	main_m68k.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	109.202.202.202
	arm.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202
	mips.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202
	nshkarm7.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202
	nsharm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202
	Space.arc.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	109.202.202.202
	arm7.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202
	arm5.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202
	ppc.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202

JA3 Fingerprints

⊘No context

Dropped Files

⊘No context

Created / dropped Files

⊘No created / dropped files found

Static File Info

General

File type:	ELF 32-bit LSB executable, ARM, version 1 (ARM), statically linked, stripped
Entropy (8bit):	6.101288296107246
TrID:	ELF Executable and Linkable format (generic) (4004/1) 100.00%
File name:	nshkarm.elf
File size:	71'624 bytes
MD5:	a336cffb592f9d1ba635b3a9f1fc5c3e
SHA1:	db439a34f10488204059ffe7b4ee1bbf4fc4d97c
SHA256:	fe144d26e628b5acc082229d2a61959de36042b9987e9267b22b37d755eced84
SHA512:	34127a83fb5056a90573bb8fbf82deb5c84f3213b978569fea4326afde32eeb62a07ebe2586c937c888879354e66341ad9f5705f65e212aa8517eeb84967e38e
SSDEEP:	1536:bSP7wGJiESvnxfy7jXGahF6p2J5mOG1vVV:bSjwGJP4xfojXGahRwVV
TLSH:	B8635B81BD815B12C6D122BBFB6E428D371613A8D3EE7203DD256F21778792B0E7B641
File Content Preview:	.ELF...a..........(.........4...8.......4. ...(.....................`...`...............d...d...d........S..........Q.td..................................-...L."....>..........0@-.\P...0....S.0...P@...0... ....R......0...0...........0... ....R..... 0....S

Static ELF Info

ELF header
Class:	ELF32
Data:	2's complement, little endian
Version:	1 (current)
Machine:	ARM
Version Number:	0x1
Type:	EXEC (Executable file)
OS/ABI:	ARM - ABI
ABI Version:	0
Entry Point Address:	0x8190
Flags:	0x202
ELF Header Size:	52
Program Header Offset:	52
Program Header Size:	32
Number of Program Headers:	3
Section Header Offset:	71224
Section Header Size:	40
Number of Section Headers:	10
Header String Table Index:	9

Sections

Name	Type	Address	Offset	Size	EntSize	Flags	Flags Description	Align
	NULL	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0		0
.init	PROGBITS	0x8094	0x94	0x18	0x0	0x6	AX	4
.text	PROGBITS	0x80b0	0xb0	0xfbc0	0x0	0x6	AX	16
.fini	PROGBITS	0x17c70	0xfc70	0x14	0x0	0x6	AX	4
.rodata	PROGBITS	0x17c84	0xfc84	0x15dc	0x0	0x2	A	4
.ctors	PROGBITS	0x21264	0x11264	0x8	0x0	0x3	WA	4
.dtors	PROGBITS	0x2126c	0x1126c	0x8	0x0	0x3	WA	4
.data	PROGBITS	0x21278	0x11278	0x380	0x0	0x3	WA	4
.bss	NOBITS	0x215f8	0x115f8	0x5060	0x0	0x3	WA	4
.shstrtab	STRTAB	0x0	0x115f8	0x3e	0x0	0x0		1

Program Segments

Type	Offset	Virtual Address	Physical Address	File Size	Memory Size	Entropy	Flags	Flags Description	Align	Section Mappings
LOAD	0x0	0x8000	0x8000	0x11260	0x11260	6.1329	0x5	R E	0x8000	.init .text .fini .rodata
LOAD	0x11264	0x21264	0x21264	0x394	0x53f4	2.8849	0x6	RW	0x8000	.ctors .dtors .data .bss
GNU_STACK	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0	0.0000	0x7	RWE	0x4

Network Behavior

Network Port Distribution

TCP Packets

Timestamp	Source Port	Dest Port	Source IP	Dest IP
Jan 5, 2025 20:12:47.898998022 CET	443	33606	54.171.230.55	192.168.2.23
Jan 5, 2025 20:12:47.899358988 CET	33606	443	192.168.2.23	54.171.230.55
Jan 5, 2025 20:12:47.904237032 CET	443	33606	54.171.230.55	192.168.2.23
Jan 5, 2025 20:12:49.794708967 CET	43928	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.42
Jan 5, 2025 20:12:55.170031071 CET	42836	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.43
Jan 5, 2025 20:12:56.961780071 CET	42516	80	192.168.2.23	109.202.202.202
Jan 5, 2025 20:13:10.015959978 CET	43928	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.42
Jan 5, 2025 20:13:22.302295923 CET	42836	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.43
Jan 5, 2025 20:13:26.397594929 CET	42516	80	192.168.2.23	109.202.202.202
Jan 5, 2025 20:13:50.970314026 CET	43928	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.42

System Behavior

Analysis Process: nshkarm.elf PID: 6230, Parent PID: 6155

General

Start time (UTC):	19:12:46
Start date (UTC):	05/01/2025
Path:	/tmp/nshkarm.elf
Arguments:	/tmp/nshkarm.elf
File size:	4956856 bytes
MD5 hash:	5ebfcae4fe2471fcc5695c2394773ff1

Chronological Activities

Analysis Process: dash PID: 6237, Parent PID: 4333

General

Start time (UTC):	19:12:47
Start date (UTC):	05/01/2025
Path:	/usr/bin/dash
Arguments:	-
File size:	129816 bytes
MD5 hash:	1e6b1c887c59a315edb7eb9a315fc84c

Chronological Activities

Analysis Process: rm PID: 6237, Parent PID: 4333

General

Start time (UTC):	19:12:47
Start date (UTC):	05/01/2025
Path:	/usr/bin/rm
Arguments:	rm -f /tmp/tmp.iMshOEVWFl /tmp/tmp.4HfFcXRlZn /tmp/tmp.0ItCWnN70d
File size:	72056 bytes
MD5 hash:	aa2b5496fdbfd88e38791ab81f90b95b

Chronological Activities

Analysis Process: dash PID: 6238, Parent PID: 4333

General

Start time (UTC):	19:12:47
Start date (UTC):	05/01/2025
Path:	/usr/bin/dash
Arguments:	-
File size:	129816 bytes
MD5 hash:	1e6b1c887c59a315edb7eb9a315fc84c

Chronological Activities

Analysis Process: rm PID: 6238, Parent PID: 4333

General

Start time (UTC):	19:12:47
Start date (UTC):	05/01/2025
Path:	/usr/bin/rm
Arguments:	rm -f /tmp/tmp.iMshOEVWFl /tmp/tmp.4HfFcXRlZn /tmp/tmp.0ItCWnN70d
File size:	72056 bytes
MD5 hash:	aa2b5496fdbfd88e38791ab81f90b95b

Description:	Adversaries may delete files left behind by the actions of their intrusion activity. Malware, tools, or other non-native files dropped or created on a system by an adversary (ex: Ingress Tool Transfer ) may leave traces to indicate to what was done within a network and how. Removal of these files can occur during an intrusion, or as part of a post-intrusion process to minimize the adversary's footprint.
Tactics:	Defense Evasion
Data Sources:	Command: Command Execution, File: File Deletion
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of security software, configurations, defensive tools, and sensors that are installed on a system or in a cloud environment. This may include things such as firewall rules and anti-virus. Adversaries may use the information from Security Software Discovery during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether or not the adversary fully infects the target and/or attempts specific actions.
Tactics:	Discovery
Data Sources:	Command: Command Execution, Firewall: Firewall Enumeration, Firewall: Firewall Metadata, Process: OS API Execution, Process: Process Creation
Platforms:	Azure AD, Google Workspace, IaaS, Linux, macOS, Office 365, SaaS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may employ a known encryption algorithm to conceal command and control traffic rather than relying on any inherent protections provided by a communication protocol. Despite the use of a secure algorithm, these implementations may be vulnerable to reverse engineering if secret keys are encoded and/or generated within malware samples/configuration files.
Tactics:	Command and Control
Data Sources:	Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may communicate using OSI application layer protocols to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic. Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server.
Tactics:	Command and Control
Data Sources:	Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Behavior Section

Behavior Chronological

Disassembly

Uncategorized

Graph

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Warning!

Linux Analysis Report nshkarm.elf

Overview

General Information

Detection

Signatures

Classification

General Information

Warnings

Runtime Messages

Process Tree

Yara Signatures

Suricata Signatures

Joe Sandbox Signatures

AV Detection

Networking

System Summary

Persistence and Installation Behavior

Malware Analysis System Evasion

Mitre Att&ck Matrix

Malware Configuration

Behavior Graph

Antivirus, Machine Learning and Genetic Malware Detection

Initial Sample

Dropped Files

Domains

URLs

Domains and IPs

Contacted Domains

World Map of Contacted IPs

Public IPs

Joe Sandbox View / Context

IPs

Domains

ASNs

JA3 Fingerprints

Dropped Files

Created / dropped Files

Static File Info

General

Static ELF Info

ELF header

Sections

Program Segments

Network Behavior

Network Port Distribution

TCP Packets

System Behavior

Analysis Process: nshkarm.elf PID: 6230, Parent PID: 6155

General

Chronological Activities

Analysis Process: dash PID: 6237, Parent PID: 4333

General

Chronological Activities

Analysis Process: rm PID: 6237, Parent PID: 4333

General

Chronological Activities

Analysis Process: dash PID: 6238, Parent PID: 4333

General

Chronological Activities

Analysis Process: rm PID: 6238, Parent PID: 4333

General

Chronological Activities

Linux Analysis Report
nshkarm.elf