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Linux Analysis Report
boatnet.arm5.elf

Overview

General Information

Sample name:boatnet.arm5.elf
Analysis ID:1582889
MD5:d059e5437c997defa5d0f5d6f832e415
SHA1:199ac302e75dbe09fc00fa39f739039d0c83d536
SHA256:f5458dd43e8cdaf444cf1fd1b14bc534c26073e95e3edc85cc50776b8dd10f98
Tags:elfuser-abuse_ch
Infos:

Detection

Mirai
Score:68
Range:0 - 100
Whitelisted:false

Signatures

Malicious sample detected (through community Yara rule)
Multi AV Scanner detection for submitted file
Yara detected Mirai
Sample is packed with UPX
ELF contains segments with high entropy indicating compressed/encrypted content
Sample contains only a LOAD segment without any section mappings
Tries to connect to HTTP servers, but all servers are down (expired dropper behavior)
Uses the "uname" system call to query kernel version information (possible evasion)
Yara signature match

Classification

Joe Sandbox version:41.0.0 Charoite
Analysis ID:1582889
Start date and time:2024-12-31 18:51:15 +01:00
Joe Sandbox product:CloudBasic
Overall analysis duration:0h 4m 29s
Hypervisor based Inspection enabled:false
Report type:full
Cookbook file name:defaultlinuxfilecookbook.jbs
Analysis system description:Ubuntu Linux 20.04 x64 (Kernel 5.4.0-72, Firefox 91.0, Evince Document Viewer 3.36.10, LibreOffice 6.4.7.2, OpenJDK 11.0.11)
Analysis Mode:default
Sample name:boatnet.arm5.elf
Detection:MAL
Classification:mal68.troj.evad.linELF@0/0@0/0
  • VT rate limit hit for: boatnet.arm5.elf
Command:/tmp/boatnet.arm5.elf
PID:6237
Exit Code:127
Exit Code Info:
Killed:False
Standard Output:

Standard Error:
  • system is lnxubuntu20
  • boatnet.arm5.elf (PID: 6237, Parent: 6158, MD5: 5ebfcae4fe2471fcc5695c2394773ff1) Arguments: /tmp/boatnet.arm5.elf
  • cleanup
NameDescriptionAttributionBlogpost URLsLink
MiraiMirai is one of the first significant botnets targeting exposed networking devices running Linux. Found in August 2016 by MalwareMustDie, its name means "future" in Japanese. Nowadays it targets a wide range of networked embedded devices such as IP cameras, home routers (many vendors involved), and other IoT devices. Since the source code was published on "Hack Forums" many variants of the Mirai family appeared, infecting mostly home networks all around the world.No Attributionhttps://malpedia.caad.fkie.fraunhofer.de/details/elf.mirai
SourceRuleDescriptionAuthorStrings
6237.1.00007f3810017000.00007f3810023000.r-x.sdmpJoeSecurity_Mirai_8Yara detected MiraiJoe Security
    6237.1.00007f3810017000.00007f3810023000.r-x.sdmpLinux_Trojan_Gafgyt_28a2fe0cunknownunknown
    • 0xa8a0:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
    • 0xa8b4:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
    • 0xa8c8:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
    • 0xa8dc:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
    • 0xa8f0:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
    • 0xa904:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
    • 0xa918:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
    • 0xa92c:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
    • 0xa940:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
    • 0xa954:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
    • 0xa968:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
    • 0xa97c:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
    • 0xa990:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
    • 0xa9a4:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
    • 0xa9b8:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
    • 0xa9cc:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
    • 0xa9e0:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
    • 0xa9f4:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
    • 0xaa08:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
    • 0xaa1c:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
    • 0xaa30:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
    6237.1.00007f3810017000.00007f3810023000.r-x.sdmpLinux_Trojan_Gafgyt_ea92cca8unknownunknown
    • 0xadf8:$a: 53 65 6C 66 20 52 65 70 20 46 75 63 6B 69 6E 67 20 4E 65 54 69 53 20 61 6E 64
    No Suricata rule has matched

    Click to jump to signature section

    Show All Signature Results

    AV Detection

    barindex
    Source: boatnet.arm5.elfReversingLabs: Detection: 32%
    Source: global trafficTCP traffic: 192.168.2.23:43928 -> 91.189.91.42:443
    Source: global trafficTCP traffic: 192.168.2.23:42836 -> 91.189.91.43:443
    Source: global trafficTCP traffic: 192.168.2.23:42516 -> 109.202.202.202:80
    Source: unknownTCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.42
    Source: unknownTCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.43
    Source: unknownTCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 109.202.202.202
    Source: unknownTCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.42
    Source: unknownTCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.43
    Source: unknownTCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 109.202.202.202
    Source: unknownTCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.42
    Source: boatnet.arm5.elfString found in binary or memory: http://upx.sf.net
    Source: unknownNetwork traffic detected: HTTP traffic on port 43928 -> 443
    Source: unknownNetwork traffic detected: HTTP traffic on port 42836 -> 443

    System Summary

    barindex
    Source: 6237.1.00007f3810017000.00007f3810023000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORYMatched rule: Linux_Trojan_Gafgyt_28a2fe0c Author: unknown
    Source: 6237.1.00007f3810017000.00007f3810023000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORYMatched rule: Linux_Trojan_Gafgyt_ea92cca8 Author: unknown
    Source: LOAD without section mappingsProgram segment: 0x8000
    Source: 6237.1.00007f3810017000.00007f3810023000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORYMatched rule: Linux_Trojan_Gafgyt_28a2fe0c os = linux, severity = x86, creation_date = 2021-01-12, scan_context = file, memory, license = Elastic License v2, threat_name = Linux.Trojan.Gafgyt, fingerprint = a2c6beaec18ca876e8487c11bcc7a29279669588aacb7d3027d8d8df8f5bcead, id = 28a2fe0c-eed5-4c79-81e6-3b11b73a4ebd, last_modified = 2021-09-16
    Source: 6237.1.00007f3810017000.00007f3810023000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORYMatched rule: Linux_Trojan_Gafgyt_ea92cca8 os = linux, severity = x86, creation_date = 2021-01-12, scan_context = file, memory, license = Elastic License v2, threat_name = Linux.Trojan.Gafgyt, fingerprint = aa4aee9f3d6bedd8234eaf8778895a0f5d71c42b21f2a428f01f121e85704e8e, id = ea92cca8-bba7-4a1c-9b88-a2d051ad0021, last_modified = 2021-09-16
    Source: classification engineClassification label: mal68.troj.evad.linELF@0/0@0/0

    Data Obfuscation

    barindex
    Source: initial sampleString containing UPX found: $Info: This file is packed with the UPX executable packer http://upx.sf.net $
    Source: initial sampleString containing UPX found: $Info: This file is packed with the UPX executable packer http://upx.sf.net $
    Source: initial sampleString containing UPX found: $Id: UPX 3.94 Copyright (C) 1996-2017 the UPX Team. All Rights Reserved. $
    Source: boatnet.arm5.elfSubmission file: segment LOAD with 7.8906 entropy (max. 8.0)
    Source: /tmp/boatnet.arm5.elf (PID: 6237)Queries kernel information via 'uname': Jump to behavior
    Source: boatnet.arm5.elf, 6237.1.00007fffd8e4c000.00007fffd8e6d000.rw-.sdmpBinary or memory string: _x86_64/usr/bin/qemu-arm/tmp/boatnet.arm5.elfSUDO_USER=saturninoPATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/snap/binDISPLAY=:1.0XAUTHORITY=/run/user/1000/gdm/XauthoritySUDO_UID=1000TERM=xterm-256colorCOLORTERM=truecolorLOGNAME=rootUSER=rootLANG=en_US.UTF-8SUDO_COMMAND=/bin/bashHOME=/rootMAIL=/var/mail/rootSUDO_GID=1000SHELL=/bin/bash/tmp/boatnet.arm5.elf
    Source: boatnet.arm5.elf, 6237.1.00005631685c2000.0000563168730000.rw-.sdmpBinary or memory string: ]h1V!/etc/qemu-binfmt/arm
    Source: boatnet.arm5.elf, 6237.1.00005631685c2000.0000563168730000.rw-.sdmpBinary or memory string: /etc/qemu-binfmt/arm
    Source: boatnet.arm5.elf, 6237.1.00007fffd8e4c000.00007fffd8e6d000.rw-.sdmpBinary or memory string: /usr/bin/qemu-arm

    Stealing of Sensitive Information

    barindex
    Source: Yara matchFile source: 6237.1.00007f3810017000.00007f3810023000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORY

    Remote Access Functionality

    barindex
    Source: Yara matchFile source: 6237.1.00007f3810017000.00007f3810023000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORY
    ReconnaissanceResource DevelopmentInitial AccessExecutionPersistencePrivilege EscalationDefense EvasionCredential AccessDiscoveryLateral MovementCollectionCommand and ControlExfiltrationImpact
    Gather Victim Identity InformationAcquire InfrastructureValid AccountsWindows Management InstrumentationPath InterceptionPath Interception11
    Obfuscated Files or Information
    OS Credential Dumping11
    Security Software Discovery
    Remote ServicesData from Local System1
    Encrypted Channel
    Exfiltration Over Other Network MediumAbuse Accessibility Features
    CredentialsDomainsDefault AccountsScheduled Task/JobBoot or Logon Initialization ScriptsBoot or Logon Initialization ScriptsRootkitLSASS MemoryApplication Window DiscoveryRemote Desktop ProtocolData from Removable Media1
    Application Layer Protocol
    Exfiltration Over BluetoothNetwork Denial of Service
    No configs have been found
    SourceDetectionScannerLabelLink
    boatnet.arm5.elf32%ReversingLabsLinux.Trojan.Mirai
    No Antivirus matches
    No Antivirus matches
    No Antivirus matches
    No contacted domains info
    NameSourceMaliciousAntivirus DetectionReputation
    http://upx.sf.netboatnet.arm5.elffalse
      high
      • No. of IPs < 25%
      • 25% < No. of IPs < 50%
      • 50% < No. of IPs < 75%
      • 75% < No. of IPs
      IPDomainCountryFlagASNASN NameMalicious
      109.202.202.202
      unknownSwitzerland
      13030INIT7CHfalse
      91.189.91.43
      unknownUnited Kingdom
      41231CANONICAL-ASGBfalse
      91.189.91.42
      unknownUnited Kingdom
      41231CANONICAL-ASGBfalse
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                                              No context
                                              No context
                                              No created / dropped files found
                                              File type:ELF 32-bit LSB executable, ARM, version 1 (ARM), statically linked, no section header
                                              Entropy (8bit):7.8872172148683575
                                              TrID:
                                              • ELF Executable and Linkable format (generic) (4004/1) 100.00%
                                              File name:boatnet.arm5.elf
                                              File size:18'772 bytes
                                              MD5:d059e5437c997defa5d0f5d6f832e415
                                              SHA1:199ac302e75dbe09fc00fa39f739039d0c83d536
                                              SHA256:f5458dd43e8cdaf444cf1fd1b14bc534c26073e95e3edc85cc50776b8dd10f98
                                              SHA512:5c745cd9b61aa3016f31c923ed29a04067fc63fe20af68972d148c8118fbb560b538a3982f6ea157ca69749a0905583d6e94de90b9ed72dde3936e49a067264d
                                              SSDEEP:384:H5jZW/hCkb0c0kKz00hEzquDCLqmtP4CJ1hymdGUop5htl:ZjGhCoYnz00hLu+u0X1s3UozLl
                                              TLSH:4182BFA0019ABC71C5B0443AEA79C547238B89FCD2DA71339129235CF6DEA462BB45E7
                                              File Content Preview:.ELF...a..........(.....0...4...........4. ...(......................G...G...............:..........................Q.td..............................CvUPX!....................q..........?.E.h;.}...^........m..)....&.S]....bqt`3L....Lb...\j......b..).....

                                              ELF header

                                              Class:ELF32
                                              Data:2's complement, little endian
                                              Version:1 (current)
                                              Machine:ARM
                                              Version Number:0x1
                                              Type:EXEC (Executable file)
                                              OS/ABI:ARM - ABI
                                              ABI Version:0
                                              Entry Point Address:0xb630
                                              Flags:0x2
                                              ELF Header Size:52
                                              Program Header Offset:52
                                              Program Header Size:32
                                              Number of Program Headers:3
                                              Section Header Offset:0
                                              Section Header Size:40
                                              Number of Section Headers:0
                                              Header String Table Index:0
                                              TypeOffsetVirtual AddressPhysical AddressFile SizeMemory SizeEntropyFlagsFlags DescriptionAlignProg InterpreterSection Mappings
                                              LOAD0x00x80000x80000x47df0x47df7.89060x5R E0x8000
                                              LOAD0x3ab80x1bab80x1bab80x00x00.00000x6RW 0x8000
                                              GNU_STACK0x00x00x00x00x00.00000x7RWE0x4
                                              TimestampSource PortDest PortSource IPDest IP
                                              Dec 31, 2024 18:52:03.770297050 CET43928443192.168.2.2391.189.91.42
                                              Dec 31, 2024 18:52:09.145529032 CET42836443192.168.2.2391.189.91.43
                                              Dec 31, 2024 18:52:10.425254107 CET4251680192.168.2.23109.202.202.202
                                              Dec 31, 2024 18:52:23.991434097 CET43928443192.168.2.2391.189.91.42
                                              Dec 31, 2024 18:52:36.277632952 CET42836443192.168.2.2391.189.91.43
                                              Dec 31, 2024 18:52:40.373172998 CET4251680192.168.2.23109.202.202.202
                                              Dec 31, 2024 18:53:04.945672989 CET43928443192.168.2.2391.189.91.42

                                              System Behavior

                                              Start time (UTC):17:52:02
                                              Start date (UTC):31/12/2024
                                              Path:/tmp/boatnet.arm5.elf
                                              Arguments:/tmp/boatnet.arm5.elf
                                              File size:4956856 bytes
                                              MD5 hash:5ebfcae4fe2471fcc5695c2394773ff1