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Linux Analysis Report
boatnet.arc.elf

Overview

General Information

Sample name:	boatnet.arc.elf
Analysis ID:	1582870
MD5:	23435f7e070c12ce0b97b115230c9900
SHA1:	917c701a3688e794150976e514948b5bc1a1b8fa
SHA256:	b5c4b737970486a804906e7d6df5a81f4aaf8947f229cdaf0dcfaa6a8d4e64f4
Tags:	elfuser-abuse_ch
Infos:
Errors No process behavior to analyse as no analysis process or sample was found

Detection

Mirai

Score:	64
Range:	0 - 100
Whitelisted:	false

Signatures

Antivirus / Scanner detection for submitted sample

Malicious sample detected (through community Yara rule)

Yara detected Mirai

Sample has stripped symbol table

Tries to connect to HTTP servers, but all servers are down (expired dropper behavior)

Yara signature match

Classification

General Information

Joe Sandbox version:	41.0.0 Charoite
Analysis ID:	1582870
Start date and time:	2024-12-31 17:36:17 +01:00
Joe Sandbox product:	CloudBasic
Overall analysis duration:	0h 4m 23s
Hypervisor based Inspection enabled:	false
Report type:	full
Cookbook file name:	defaultlinuxfilecookbook.jbs
Analysis system description:	Ubuntu Linux 20.04 x64 (Kernel 5.4.0-72, Firefox 91.0, Evince Document Viewer 3.36.10, LibreOffice 6.4.7.2, OpenJDK 11.0.11)
Analysis Mode:	default
Sample name:	boatnet.arc.elf
Detection:	MAL
Classification:	mal64.troj.linELF@0/0@0/0

Errors

No process behavior to analyse as no analysis process or sample was found

Warnings

VT rate limit hit for: boatnet.arc.elf

Runtime Messages

Command:	/tmp/boatnet.arc.elf
PID:	6242
Exit Code:	255
Exit Code Info:
Killed:	False
Standard Output:
Standard Error:

Malware Threat Intel

Provided by

Name	Description	Attribution	Blogpost URLs	Link
Mirai	Mirai is one of the first significant botnets targeting exposed networking devices running Linux. Found in August 2016 by MalwareMustDie, its name means "future" in Japanese. Nowadays it targets a wide range of networked embedded devices such as IP cameras, home routers (many vendors involved), and other IoT devices. Since the source code was published on "Hack Forums" many variants of the Mirai family appeared, infecting mostly home networks all around the world.	No Attribution	http://osint.bambenekconsulting.com/feeds/ http://www.simonroses.com/2016/10/mirai-ddos-botnet-source-code-binary-analysis/ https://blog.malwaremustdie.org/2020/02/mmd-0065-2021-linuxmirai-fbot-re.html https://blog.netlab.360.com/another-lilin-dvr-0-day-being-used-to-spread-mirai-en/ https://blog.netlab.360.com/mirai_ptea-botnet-is-exploiting-undisclosed-kguard-dvr-vulnerability-en/	https://malpedia.caad.fkie.fraunhofer.de/details/elf.mirai

Yara Signatures

Initial Sample

Source	Rule	Description	Author	Strings
boatnet.arc.elf	JoeSecurity_Mirai_8	Yara detected Mirai	Joe Security
boatnet.arc.elf	Linux_Trojan_Gafgyt_28a2fe0c	unknown	unknown	0x11148:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 0x1115c:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 0x11170:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 0x11184:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 0x11198:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 0x111ac:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 0x111c0:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 0x111d4:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 0x111e8:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 0x111fc:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 0x11210:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 0x11224:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 0x11238:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 0x1124c:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 0x11260:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 0x11274:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 0x11288:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 0x1129c:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 0x112b0:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 0x112c4:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 0x112d8:$a: 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F 78 39 33 2F 78 49 44 2F 78 39 41 2F 78 33 38 2F 78 46 4A 2F
boatnet.arc.elf	Linux_Trojan_Gafgyt_ea92cca8	unknown	unknown	0x110f8:$a: 53 65 6C 66 20 52 65 70 20 46 75 63 6B 69 6E 67 20 4E 65 54 69 53 20 61 6E 64

Suricata Signatures

⊘No Suricata rule has matched

Joe Sandbox Signatures

Click to jump to signature section

Show All Signature Results

AV Detection

Antivirus / Scanner detection for submitted sample

Source: boatnet.arc.elf

Avira: detected

Source: global traffic	TCP traffic: 192.168.2.23:43928 -> 91.189.91.42:443
Source: global traffic	TCP traffic: 192.168.2.23:42836 -> 91.189.91.43:443
Source: global traffic	TCP traffic: 192.168.2.23:42516 -> 109.202.202.202:80

Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.42
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.43
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 109.202.202.202
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.42
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.43
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 109.202.202.202
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.42

Source: unknown	Network traffic detected: HTTP traffic on port 43928 -> 443
Source: unknown	Network traffic detected: HTTP traffic on port 42836 -> 443

System Summary

Malicious sample detected (through community Yara rule)

Source: boatnet.arc.elf, type: SAMPLE	Matched rule: Linux_Trojan_Gafgyt_28a2fe0c Author: unknown
Source: boatnet.arc.elf, type: SAMPLE	Matched rule: Linux_Trojan_Gafgyt_ea92cca8 Author: unknown

Source: ELF static info symbol of initial sample

.symtab present: no

Source: boatnet.arc.elf, type: SAMPLE	Matched rule: Linux_Trojan_Gafgyt_28a2fe0c os = linux, severity = x86, creation_date = 2021-01-12, scan_context = file, memory, license = Elastic License v2, threat_name = Linux.Trojan.Gafgyt, fingerprint = a2c6beaec18ca876e8487c11bcc7a29279669588aacb7d3027d8d8df8f5bcead, id = 28a2fe0c-eed5-4c79-81e6-3b11b73a4ebd, last_modified = 2021-09-16
Source: boatnet.arc.elf, type: SAMPLE	Matched rule: Linux_Trojan_Gafgyt_ea92cca8 os = linux, severity = x86, creation_date = 2021-01-12, scan_context = file, memory, license = Elastic License v2, threat_name = Linux.Trojan.Gafgyt, fingerprint = aa4aee9f3d6bedd8234eaf8778895a0f5d71c42b21f2a428f01f121e85704e8e, id = ea92cca8-bba7-4a1c-9b88-a2d051ad0021, last_modified = 2021-09-16

Source: classification engine

Classification label: mal64.troj.linELF@0/0@0/0

Stealing of Sensitive Information

Yara detected Mirai

Source: Yara match

File source: boatnet.arc.elf, type: SAMPLE

Remote Access Functionality

Yara detected Mirai

Source: Yara match

File source: boatnet.arc.elf, type: SAMPLE

Mitre Att&ck Matrix

Reconnaissance	Resource Development	Initial Access	Execution	Persistence	Privilege Escalation	Defense Evasion	Credential Access	Discovery	Lateral Movement	Collection	Command and Control	Exfiltration	Impact
Gather Victim Identity Information	Acquire Infrastructure	Valid Accounts	Windows Management Instrumentation	Path Interception	Path Interception	Direct Volume Access	OS Credential Dumping	System Service Discovery	Remote Services	Data from Local System	1 Encrypted Channel	Exfiltration Over Other Network Medium	Abuse Accessibility Features
Credentials	Domains	Default Accounts	Scheduled Task/Job	Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts	Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts	Rootkit	LSASS Memory	Application Window Discovery	Remote Desktop Protocol	Data from Removable Media	1 Application Layer Protocol	Exfiltration Over Bluetooth	Network Denial of Service

Malware Configuration

⊘No configs have been found

Behavior Graph

Hide Legend

Legend:

Process
Signature
Created File
DNS/IP Info
Is Dropped
Number of created Files
Is malicious
Internet

Antivirus, Machine Learning and Genetic Malware Detection

Initial Sample

Source	Detection	Scanner	Label	Link
boatnet.arc.elf	100%	Avira	EXP/ELF.Mirai.Z.A

Dropped Files

⊘No Antivirus matches

Domains

⊘No Antivirus matches

URLs

⊘No Antivirus matches

Domains and IPs

Contacted Domains

⊘No contacted domains info

World Map of Contacted IPs

No. of IPs < 25%
25% < No. of IPs < 50%
50% < No. of IPs < 75%
75% < No. of IPs

Public IPs

IP	Domain	Country	ASN	ASN Name	Malicious
109.202.202.202	unknown	Switzerland	13030	INIT7CH	false
91.189.91.43	unknown	United Kingdom	41231	CANONICAL-ASGB	false
91.189.91.42	unknown	United Kingdom	41231	CANONICAL-ASGB	false

Joe Sandbox View / Context

IPs

Match	Associated Sample Name / URL	SHA 256	Detection	Threat Name	Link	Context
109.202.202.202	kpLwzBouH4.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	ch.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/f/firefox/firefox_92.0%2bbuild3-0ubuntu0.20.04.1_amd64.deb
91.189.91.43	arm5.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	boatnet.x86.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	89.250.72.36-mipsel-2024-12-31T13_33_09.elf	Get hash	malicious	Gafgyt	Browse
	Aqua.arm7.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	mpsl.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	Aqua.i686.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	Aqua.arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	boatnet.arc.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	boatnet.arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	boatnet.mpsl.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
91.189.91.42	arm5.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	boatnet.x86.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	89.250.72.36-mipsel-2024-12-31T13_33_09.elf	Get hash	malicious	Gafgyt	Browse
	Aqua.arm7.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	mpsl.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	Aqua.i686.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	Aqua.arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	boatnet.arc.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	boatnet.arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	boatnet.mpsl.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse

Domains

⊘No context

ASNs

Match	Associated Sample Name / URL	SHA 256	Detection	Threat Name	Link	Context
CANONICAL-ASGB	arm5.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	boatnet.x86.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	91.189.91.42
	89.250.72.36-mipsel-2024-12-31T13_33_09.elf	Get hash	malicious	Gafgyt	Browse	91.189.91.42
	boatnet.arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	185.125.190.26
	Aqua.arm7.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	91.189.91.42
	mpsl.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	Aqua.i686.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	Aqua.arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	boatnet.arc.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	91.189.91.42
	boatnet.sh4.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	185.125.190.26
CANONICAL-ASGB	arm5.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	boatnet.x86.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	91.189.91.42
	89.250.72.36-mipsel-2024-12-31T13_33_09.elf	Get hash	malicious	Gafgyt	Browse	91.189.91.42
	boatnet.arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	185.125.190.26
	Aqua.arm7.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	91.189.91.42
	mpsl.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	Aqua.i686.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	Aqua.arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	boatnet.arc.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	91.189.91.42
	boatnet.sh4.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	185.125.190.26
INIT7CH	arm5.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202
	boatnet.x86.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	109.202.202.202
	89.250.72.36-mipsel-2024-12-31T13_33_09.elf	Get hash	malicious	Gafgyt	Browse	109.202.202.202
	Aqua.arm7.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	109.202.202.202
	mpsl.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202
	Aqua.i686.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202
	Aqua.arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202
	boatnet.arc.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	109.202.202.202
	boatnet.arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	109.202.202.202
	boatnet.mpsl.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	109.202.202.202

JA3 Fingerprints

⊘No context

Dropped Files

⊘No context

Created / dropped Files

⊘No created / dropped files found

Static File Info

General

File type:	ELF 32-bit LSB executable, Synopsys ARCompact ARC700 cores, version 1 (SYSV), statically linked, stripped
Entropy (8bit):	6.587652309180008
TrID:	ELF Executable and Linkable format (generic) (4004/1) 100.00%
File name:	boatnet.arc.elf
File size:	107'800 bytes
MD5:	23435f7e070c12ce0b97b115230c9900
SHA1:	917c701a3688e794150976e514948b5bc1a1b8fa
SHA256:	b5c4b737970486a804906e7d6df5a81f4aaf8947f229cdaf0dcfaa6a8d4e64f4
SHA512:	fd89013bc38ad9de958e6c5dc98512fb7591508cfc6a8f4505fb17df2b1ae711a8840a796ecf2dbeb911145f5b9528d56d99006b9dab33130bef05dbc79dfe38
SSDEEP:	1536:XMxbx9bhq4WRbC0ZROgP9rjHktnCN7jDgKPO/LWU:8xdq4GbC8RXxjERCN7jDgKPOq
TLSH:	E7B38CDBF34700A1C85346F007CB8BDE3E6322815E2799E76C6D253A68791DF8906F92
File Content Preview:	.ELF..............].....p...4...........4. ...(.................................. ..................p....>....... ..................................................................Q.td.......................................................................

Static ELF Info

ELF header
Class:	ELF32
Data:	2's complement, little endian
Version:	1 (current)
Machine:	<unknown>
Version Number:	0x1
Type:	EXEC (Executable file)
OS/ABI:	UNIX - System V
ABI Version:	0
Entry Point Address:	0x10670
Flags:	0x403
ELF Header Size:	52
Program Header Offset:	52
Program Header Size:	32
Number of Program Headers:	5
Section Header Offset:	107240
Section Header Size:	40
Number of Section Headers:	14
Header String Table Index:	13

Sections

Name	Type	Address	Offset	Size	EntSize	Flags	Flags Description	Align
	NULL	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0		0
.init	PROGBITS	0x10114	0x114	0x22	0x0	0x6	AX	1
.text	PROGBITS	0x10138	0x138	0x10968	0x0	0x6	AX	4
.fini	PROGBITS	0x20aa0	0x10aa0	0x16	0x0	0x6	AX	1
.rodata	PROGBITS	0x20ab8	0x10ab8	0x9330	0x0	0x2	A	4
.tbss	NOBITS	0x2dfe0	0x19fe0	0x8	0x0	0x403	WAT	4
.fini_array	FINI_ARRAY	0x2dfe0	0x19fe0	0x4	0x4	0x3	WA	4
.ctors	PROGBITS	0x2dfe4	0x19fe4	0x8	0x0	0x3	WA	4
.dtors	PROGBITS	0x2dfec	0x19fec	0x8	0x0	0x3	WA	4
.got	PROGBITS	0x2dff4	0x19ff4	0x8	0x0	0x3	WA	4
.data	PROGBITS	0x2e008	0x1a008	0x248	0x0	0x3	WA	4
.bss	NOBITS	0x2e250	0x1a250	0x3c34	0x0	0x3	WA	4
.ARC.attributes	<unknown>	0x0	0x1a250	0x32	0x0	0x0		1
.shstrtab	STRTAB	0x0	0x1a282	0x65	0x0	0x0		1

Program Segments

Type	Offset	Virtual Address	Physical Address	File Size	Memory Size	Entropy	Flags	Flags Description	Align	Section Mappings
LOAD	0x0	0x10000	0x10000	0x19de8	0x19de8	6.6309	0x5	R E	0x2000	.init .text .fini .rodata
LOAD	0x19fe0	0x2dfe0	0x2dfe0	0x270	0x3ea4	3.7819	0x6	RW	0x2000	.tbss .fini_array .ctors .dtors .got .data .bss
NOTE	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0	0.0000	0x4	R	0x4
TLS	0x19fe0	0x2dfe0	0x2dfe0	0x0	0x8	0.0000	0x4	R	0x4	.tbss
GNU_STACK	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0	0.0000	0x6	RW	0x4

Network Behavior

Network Port Distribution

TCP Packets

Timestamp	Source Port	Dest Port	Source IP	Dest IP
Dec 31, 2024 17:37:02.544289112 CET	43928	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.42
Dec 31, 2024 17:37:07.919621944 CET	42836	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.43
Dec 31, 2024 17:37:09.711352110 CET	42516	80	192.168.2.23	109.202.202.202
Dec 31, 2024 17:37:22.765466928 CET	43928	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.42
Dec 31, 2024 17:37:35.051847935 CET	42836	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.43
Dec 31, 2024 17:37:39.147274971 CET	42516	80	192.168.2.23	109.202.202.202
Dec 31, 2024 17:38:03.719857931 CET	43928	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.42

Description:	Adversaries may employ a known encryption algorithm to conceal command and control traffic rather than relying on any inherent protections provided by a communication protocol. Despite the use of a secure algorithm, these implementations may be vulnerable to reverse engineering if secret keys are encoded and/or generated within malware samples/configuration files.
Tactics:	Command and Control
Data Sources:	Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may communicate using OSI application layer protocols to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic. Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server.
Tactics:	Command and Control
Data Sources:	Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Behavior Section

Behavior Chronological

Disassembly

Uncategorized

Graph

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Warning!

Linux Analysis Report boatnet.arc.elf

Overview

General Information

Detection

Signatures

Classification

General Information

Errors

Warnings

Runtime Messages

Malware Threat Intel

Yara Signatures

Initial Sample

Suricata Signatures

Joe Sandbox Signatures

AV Detection

Networking

System Summary

Stealing of Sensitive Information

Remote Access Functionality

Mitre Att&ck Matrix

Malware Configuration

Behavior Graph

Antivirus, Machine Learning and Genetic Malware Detection

Initial Sample

Dropped Files

Domains

URLs

Domains and IPs

Contacted Domains

World Map of Contacted IPs

Public IPs

Joe Sandbox View / Context

IPs

Domains

ASNs

JA3 Fingerprints

Dropped Files

Created / dropped Files

Static File Info

General

Static ELF Info

ELF header

Sections

Program Segments

Network Behavior

Network Port Distribution

TCP Packets

System Behavior

Linux Analysis Report
boatnet.arc.elf