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Linux Analysis Report
nshkarm6.elf

Overview

General Information

Sample name:	nshkarm6.elf
Analysis ID:	1579301
MD5:	63eab559d8137759c110d217252693b5
SHA1:	2bc4eef25d528af6cd12445ab7ebb088c3b51681
SHA256:	6909e368a368a2db97c130d7fc072053f6cbebae4f93988cf94366f309307522
Tags:	elfuser-abuse_ch
Infos:

Detection

Mirai

Score:	64
Range:	0 - 100
Whitelisted:	false

Signatures

Antivirus / Scanner detection for submitted sample

Multi AV Scanner detection for submitted file

Yara detected Mirai

Sample has stripped symbol table

Tries to connect to HTTP servers, but all servers are down (expired dropper behavior)

Uses the "uname" system call to query kernel version information (possible evasion)

Classification

General Information

Joe Sandbox version:	41.0.0 Charoite
Analysis ID:	1579301
Start date and time:	2024-12-21 14:21:08 +01:00
Joe Sandbox product:	CloudBasic
Overall analysis duration:	0h 4m 32s
Hypervisor based Inspection enabled:	false
Report type:	full
Cookbook file name:	defaultlinuxfilecookbook.jbs
Analysis system description:	Ubuntu Linux 20.04 x64 (Kernel 5.4.0-72, Firefox 91.0, Evince Document Viewer 3.36.10, LibreOffice 6.4.7.2, OpenJDK 11.0.11)
Analysis Mode:	default
Sample name:	nshkarm6.elf
Detection:	MAL
Classification:	mal64.troj.linELF@0/0@0/0

Runtime Messages

Command:	/tmp/nshkarm6.elf
PID:	6236
Exit Code:	139
Exit Code Info:	SIGSEGV (11) Segmentation fault invalid memory reference
Killed:	False
Standard Output:
Standard Error:	qemu: uncaught target signal 11 (Segmentation fault) - core dumped

Process Tree

system is lnxubuntu20

nshkarm6.elf (PID: 6236, Parent: 6160, MD5: 5ebfcae4fe2471fcc5695c2394773ff1) Arguments: /tmp/nshkarm6.elf

cleanup

Malware Threat Intel

Provided by

Name	Description	Attribution	Blogpost URLs	Link
Mirai	Mirai is one of the first significant botnets targeting exposed networking devices running Linux. Found in August 2016 by MalwareMustDie, its name means "future" in Japanese. Nowadays it targets a wide range of networked embedded devices such as IP cameras, home routers (many vendors involved), and other IoT devices. Since the source code was published on "Hack Forums" many variants of the Mirai family appeared, infecting mostly home networks all around the world.	No Attribution	http://osint.bambenekconsulting.com/feeds/ http://www.simonroses.com/2016/10/mirai-ddos-botnet-source-code-binary-analysis/ https://blog.malwaremustdie.org/2020/02/mmd-0065-2021-linuxmirai-fbot-re.html https://blog.netlab.360.com/another-lilin-dvr-0-day-being-used-to-spread-mirai-en/ https://blog.netlab.360.com/mirai_ptea-botnet-is-exploiting-undisclosed-kguard-dvr-vulnerability-en/	https://malpedia.caad.fkie.fraunhofer.de/details/elf.mirai

Yara Signatures

Initial Sample

Source	Rule	Description	Author	Strings
nshkarm6.elf	JoeSecurity_Mirai_8	Yara detected Mirai	Joe Security

Memory Dumps

Source	Rule	Description	Author	Strings
6236.1.00007fef8c017000.00007fef8c02b000.r-x.sdmp	JoeSecurity_Mirai_8	Yara detected Mirai	Joe Security

Suricata Signatures

⊘No Suricata rule has matched

Joe Sandbox Signatures

Click to jump to signature section

Show All Signature Results

AV Detection

Antivirus / Scanner detection for submitted sample

Source: nshkarm6.elf

Avira: detected

Multi AV Scanner detection for submitted file

Source: nshkarm6.elf	ReversingLabs: Detection: 36%
Source: nshkarm6.elf	Virustotal: Detection: 31%			Perma Link

Source: global traffic	TCP traffic: 192.168.2.23:43928 -> 91.189.91.42:443
Source: global traffic	TCP traffic: 192.168.2.23:42836 -> 91.189.91.43:443
Source: global traffic	TCP traffic: 192.168.2.23:42516 -> 109.202.202.202:80

Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.42
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.43
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 109.202.202.202
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.42
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.43
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 109.202.202.202
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.42

Source: unknown	Network traffic detected: HTTP traffic on port 43928 -> 443
Source: unknown	Network traffic detected: HTTP traffic on port 42836 -> 443

Source: ELF static info symbol of initial sample

.symtab present: no

Source: classification engine

Classification label: mal64.troj.linELF@0/0@0/0

Source: /tmp/nshkarm6.elf (PID: 6236)

Queries kernel information via 'uname':

Jump to behavior

Source: nshkarm6.elf, 6236.1.00007ffc8cb45000.00007ffc8cb66000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: x86_64/usr/bin/qemu-arm/tmp/nshkarm6.elfSUDO_USER=saturninoPATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/snap/binDISPLAY=:1.0XAUTHORITY=/run/user/1000/gdm/XauthoritySUDO_UID=1000TERM=xterm-256colorCOLORTERM=truecolorLOGNAME=rootUSER=rootLANG=en_US.UTF-8SUDO_COMMAND=/bin/bashHOME=/rootMAIL=/var/mail/rootSUDO_GID=1000SHELL=/bin/bash/tmp/nshkarm6.elf
Source: nshkarm6.elf, 6236.1.000055c45d9b0000.000055c45dade000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: U!/etc/qemu-binfmt/arm
Source: nshkarm6.elf, 6236.1.000055c45d9b0000.000055c45dade000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: /etc/qemu-binfmt/arm
Source: nshkarm6.elf, 6236.1.00007ffc8cb45000.00007ffc8cb66000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: /usr/bin/qemu-arm
Source: nshkarm6.elf, 6236.1.00007ffc8cb45000.00007ffc8cb66000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: qemu: uncaught target signal 11 (Segmentation fault) - core dumped

Stealing of Sensitive Information

Yara detected Mirai

Source: Yara match	File source: nshkarm6.elf, type: SAMPLE
Source: Yara match	File source: 6236.1.00007fef8c017000.00007fef8c02b000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORY

Remote Access Functionality

Yara detected Mirai

Source: Yara match	File source: nshkarm6.elf, type: SAMPLE
Source: Yara match	File source: 6236.1.00007fef8c017000.00007fef8c02b000.r-x.sdmp, type: MEMORY

Mitre Att&ck Matrix

Reconnaissance	Resource Development	Initial Access	Execution	Persistence	Privilege Escalation	Defense Evasion	Credential Access	Discovery	Lateral Movement	Collection	Command and Control	Exfiltration	Impact
Gather Victim Identity Information	Acquire Infrastructure	Valid Accounts	Windows Management Instrumentation	Path Interception	Path Interception	Direct Volume Access	OS Credential Dumping	11 Security Software Discovery	Remote Services	Data from Local System	1 Encrypted Channel	Exfiltration Over Other Network Medium	Abuse Accessibility Features
Credentials	Domains	Default Accounts	Scheduled Task/Job	Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts	Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts	Rootkit	LSASS Memory	Application Window Discovery	Remote Desktop Protocol	Data from Removable Media	1 Application Layer Protocol	Exfiltration Over Bluetooth	Network Denial of Service

Malware Configuration

⊘No configs have been found

Behavior Graph

Hide Legend

Legend:

Process
Signature
Created File
DNS/IP Info
Is Dropped
Number of created Files
Is malicious
Internet

Antivirus, Machine Learning and Genetic Malware Detection

Initial Sample

Source	Detection	Scanner	Label	Link
nshkarm6.elf	37%	ReversingLabs	Linux.Backdoor.Mirai
nshkarm6.elf	32%	Virustotal		Browse
nshkarm6.elf	100%	Avira	EXP/ELF.Mirai.W

Dropped Files

⊘No Antivirus matches

Domains

⊘No Antivirus matches

URLs

⊘No Antivirus matches

Domains and IPs

Contacted Domains

⊘No contacted domains info

World Map of Contacted IPs

No. of IPs < 25%
25% < No. of IPs < 50%
50% < No. of IPs < 75%
75% < No. of IPs

Public IPs

IP	Domain	Country	ASN	ASN Name	Malicious
109.202.202.202	unknown	Switzerland	13030	INIT7CH	false
91.189.91.43	unknown	United Kingdom	41231	CANONICAL-ASGB	false
91.189.91.42	unknown	United Kingdom	41231	CANONICAL-ASGB	false

Joe Sandbox View / Context

IPs

Match	Associated Sample Name / URL	SHA 256	Detection	Threat Name	Link	Context
109.202.202.202	kpLwzBouH4.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	ch.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/f/firefox/firefox_92.0%2bbuild3-0ubuntu0.20.04.1_amd64.deb
91.189.91.43	m68k.nn.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai, Okiru	Browse
	dlr.arm.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	arm6.nn.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai, Okiru	Browse
	arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	Mozi.m.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	dlr.arm7.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	dlr.mips.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	m68k.nn.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai, Okiru	Browse
	dlr.arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	mips.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
91.189.91.42	m68k.nn.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai, Okiru	Browse
	dlr.arm.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	arm6.nn.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai, Okiru	Browse
	arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	Mozi.m.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	dlr.arm7.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	dlr.mips.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse
	m68k.nn.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai, Okiru	Browse
	dlr.arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	mips.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse

Domains

⊘No context

ASNs

Match	Associated Sample Name / URL	SHA 256	Detection	Threat Name	Link	Context
CANONICAL-ASGB	m68k.nn.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai, Okiru	Browse	91.189.91.42
	dlr.arm.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	arm6.nn.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai, Okiru	Browse	91.189.91.42
	arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	91.189.91.42
	Mozi.m.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	dlr.arm7.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	91.189.91.42
	dlr.mips.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	91.189.91.42
	m68k.nn.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai, Okiru	Browse	91.189.91.42
	dlr.arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	mips.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	91.189.91.42
CANONICAL-ASGB	m68k.nn.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai, Okiru	Browse	91.189.91.42
	dlr.arm.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	arm6.nn.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai, Okiru	Browse	91.189.91.42
	arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	91.189.91.42
	Mozi.m.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	dlr.arm7.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	91.189.91.42
	dlr.mips.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	91.189.91.42
	m68k.nn.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai, Okiru	Browse	91.189.91.42
	dlr.arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	mips.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	91.189.91.42
INIT7CH	m68k.nn.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai, Okiru	Browse	109.202.202.202
	dlr.arm.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202
	sparc.nn.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai, Okiru	Browse	195.8.210.207
	arm6.nn.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai, Okiru	Browse	109.202.202.202
	arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	109.202.202.202
	Mozi.m.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202
	dlr.arm7.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	109.202.202.202
	dlr.mips.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai	Browse	109.202.202.202
	m68k.nn.elf	Get hash	malicious	Mirai, Okiru	Browse	109.202.202.202
	dlr.arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202

JA3 Fingerprints

⊘No context

Dropped Files

⊘No context

Created / dropped Files

⊘No created / dropped files found

Static File Info

General

File type:	ELF 32-bit LSB executable, ARM, EABI4 version 1 (SYSV), statically linked, stripped
Entropy (8bit):	6.068796704573297
TrID:	ELF Executable and Linkable format (generic) (4004/1) 100.00%
File name:	nshkarm6.elf
File size:	83'368 bytes
MD5:	63eab559d8137759c110d217252693b5
SHA1:	2bc4eef25d528af6cd12445ab7ebb088c3b51681
SHA256:	6909e368a368a2db97c130d7fc072053f6cbebae4f93988cf94366f309307522
SHA512:	c4aec44c9e0c3fb01bd0e6072de8c84340461ce4d9b16126e42edf8d4f32e217881aaafb8c9d06b0bba5baadbd1862b1839a4ad688394c89b4aed42e6536debb
SSDEEP:	1536:YEnHC6/xHZsICYwHzgI31tr2XGJb9aZFeqnsMYi3ZWUoCIG77T5QYlzA:CYZsRXHzr7rUGJb9aZZZWUoCIG/Tu+zA
TLSH:	6383075AB9C19F11D5C112BAFE1E118E331317BCE3DE72129D24AB24778B96B0E7B805
File Content Preview:	.ELF..............(.....T...4....C......4. ...(.....................\|8..\|8...............@...@...@..T...............Q.td..................................-...L..................@-.,@...0....S..... 0....S.........../..0...0...@..../.TC.......@....-.@0....S

Static ELF Info

ELF header
Class:	ELF32
Data:	2's complement, little endian
Version:	1 (current)
Machine:	ARM
Version Number:	0x1
Type:	EXEC (Executable file)
OS/ABI:	UNIX - System V
ABI Version:	0
Entry Point Address:	0x8154
Flags:	0x4000002
ELF Header Size:	52
Program Header Offset:	52
Program Header Size:	32
Number of Program Headers:	3
Section Header Offset:	82888
Section Header Size:	40
Number of Section Headers:	12
Header String Table Index:	11

Sections

Name	Type	Address	Offset	Size	EntSize	Flags	Flags Description	Align
	NULL	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0		0
.init	PROGBITS	0x8094	0x94	0x10	0x0	0x6	AX	4
.text	PROGBITS	0x80b0	0xb0	0x12234	0x0	0x6	AX	16
.fini	PROGBITS	0x1a2e4	0x122e4	0x10	0x0	0x6	AX	4
.rodata	PROGBITS	0x1a2f8	0x122f8	0x1584	0x0	0x2	A	8
.init_array	INIT_ARRAY	0x24004	0x14008	0x4	0x0	0x3	WA	4
.fini_array	FINI_ARRAY	0x24008	0x1400c	0x4	0x0	0x3	WA	4
.got	PROGBITS	0x24010	0x14014	0x74	0x4	0x3	WA	4
.data	PROGBITS	0x24084	0x14088	0x2d0	0x0	0x3	WA	4
.bss	NOBITS	0x24354	0x14358	0x546c	0x0	0x3	WA	4
.ARM.attributes	ARM_ATTRIBUTES	0x0	0x14358	0x10	0x0	0x0		1
.shstrtab	STRTAB	0x0	0x14368	0x5d	0x0	0x0		1

Program Segments

Type	Offset	Virtual Address	Physical Address	File Size	Memory Size	Entropy	Flags	Flags Description	Align	Section Mappings
LOAD	0x0	0x8000	0x8000	0x1387c	0x1387c	6.1675	0x5	R E	0x8000	.init .text .fini .rodata
LOAD	0x14004	0x24004	0x24000	0x354	0xd7bc	4.3903	0x6	RW	0x8000	.init_array .fini_array .got .data .bss
GNU_STACK	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0	0.0000	0x7	RWE	0x4

Network Behavior

Network Port Distribution

TCP Packets

Timestamp	Source Port	Dest Port	Source IP	Dest IP
Dec 21, 2024 14:21:53.601649046 CET	43928	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.42
Dec 21, 2024 14:21:59.232991934 CET	42836	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.43
Dec 21, 2024 14:22:00.512762070 CET	42516	80	192.168.2.23	109.202.202.202
Dec 21, 2024 14:22:15.358962059 CET	43928	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.42
Dec 21, 2024 14:22:25.597405910 CET	42836	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.43
Dec 21, 2024 14:22:31.740540028 CET	42516	80	192.168.2.23	109.202.202.202
Dec 21, 2024 14:22:56.313190937 CET	43928	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.42

System Behavior

Analysis Process: nshkarm6.elf PID: 6236, Parent PID: 6160

General

Start time (UTC):	13:21:51
Start date (UTC):	21/12/2024
Path:	/tmp/nshkarm6.elf
Arguments:	/tmp/nshkarm6.elf
File size:	4956856 bytes
MD5 hash:	5ebfcae4fe2471fcc5695c2394773ff1

Description:	Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of security software, configurations, defensive tools, and sensors that are installed on a system or in a cloud environment. This may include things such as firewall rules and anti-virus. Adversaries may use the information from Security Software Discovery during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether or not the adversary fully infects the target and/or attempts specific actions.
Tactics:	Discovery
Data Sources:	Command: Command Execution, Firewall: Firewall Enumeration, Firewall: Firewall Metadata, Process: OS API Execution, Process: Process Creation
Platforms:	Azure AD, Google Workspace, IaaS, Linux, macOS, Office 365, SaaS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may employ a known encryption algorithm to conceal command and control traffic rather than relying on any inherent protections provided by a communication protocol. Despite the use of a secure algorithm, these implementations may be vulnerable to reverse engineering if secret keys are encoded and/or generated within malware samples/configuration files.
Tactics:	Command and Control
Data Sources:	Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may communicate using OSI application layer protocols to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic. Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server.
Tactics:	Command and Control
Data Sources:	Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Behavior Section

Behavior Chronological

Disassembly

Uncategorized

Graph

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Warning!

Linux Analysis Report nshkarm6.elf

Overview

General Information

Detection

Signatures

Classification

General Information

Runtime Messages

Process Tree

Malware Threat Intel

Yara Signatures

Initial Sample

Memory Dumps

Suricata Signatures

Joe Sandbox Signatures

AV Detection

Networking

System Summary

Malware Analysis System Evasion

Stealing of Sensitive Information

Remote Access Functionality

Mitre Att&ck Matrix

Malware Configuration

Behavior Graph

Antivirus, Machine Learning and Genetic Malware Detection

Initial Sample

Dropped Files

Domains

URLs

Domains and IPs

Contacted Domains

World Map of Contacted IPs

Public IPs

Joe Sandbox View / Context

IPs

Domains

ASNs

JA3 Fingerprints

Dropped Files

Created / dropped Files

Static File Info

General

Static ELF Info

ELF header

Sections

Program Segments

Network Behavior

Network Port Distribution

TCP Packets

System Behavior

Analysis Process: nshkarm6.elf PID: 6236, Parent PID: 6160

General

Chronological Activities

Linux Analysis Report
nshkarm6.elf