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Linux Analysis Report
zone.mipsle.elf

Overview

General Information

Sample name:	zone.mipsle.elf
Analysis ID:	1546534
MD5:	30306bfdae62fe894424db8341e4e6de
SHA1:	8def8238fc887b3ae76a2c328a3acdc27fe074ff
SHA256:	4a1eabbc6b2f0b5e7de440e2e0fb25f6c54f48e97302e8660736dd09d119a4a7
Tags:	elfuser-abuse_ch
Infos:

Detection

Score:	22
Range:	0 - 100
Whitelisted:	false

Signatures

Sample is packed with UPX

ELF contains segments with high entropy indicating compressed/encrypted content

Sample contains only a LOAD segment without any section mappings

Tries to connect to HTTP servers, but all servers are down (expired dropper behavior)

Uses the "uname" system call to query kernel version information (possible evasion)

Classification

General Information

Joe Sandbox version:	41.0.0 Charoite
Analysis ID:	1546534
Start date and time:	2024-11-01 04:47:05 +01:00
Joe Sandbox product:	CloudBasic
Overall analysis duration:	0h 4m 27s
Hypervisor based Inspection enabled:	false
Report type:	full
Cookbook file name:	defaultlinuxfilecookbook.jbs
Analysis system description:	Ubuntu Linux 20.04 x64 (Kernel 5.4.0-72, Firefox 91.0, Evince Document Viewer 3.36.10, LibreOffice 6.4.7.2, OpenJDK 11.0.11)
Analysis Mode:	default
Sample name:	zone.mipsle.elf
Detection:	SUS
Classification:	sus22.evad.linELF@0/0@0/0

Runtime Messages

Command:	/tmp/zone.mipsle.elf
PID:	6204
Exit Code:	2
Exit Code Info:
Killed:	False
Standard Output:
Standard Error:	fatal error: sigaction failed runtime stack: runtime.throw({0x649ea1, 0x10}) runtime/panic.go:1077 +0x54 fp=0x7fffece4 sp=0x7fffecd0 pc=0x5b298 runtime.sysSigaction.func1() runtime/os_linux.go:560 +0x4c fp=0x7fffecf0 sp=0x7fffece4 pc=0x97df8 runtime.sysSigaction(0x41, 0x7fffed18, 0x0) runtime/os_linux.go:559 +0x7c fp=0x7fffed08 sp=0x7fffecf0 pc=0x57938 runtime.sigaction(...) runtime/sigaction.go:15 runtime.setsig(0x41, 0x7a090) runtime/os_linux.go:507 +0xbc fp=0x7fffed34 sp=0x7fffed08 pc=0x57804 runtime.initsig(0x0) runtime/signal_unix.go:148 +0x2c0 fp=0x7fffed70 sp=0x7fffed34 pc=0x795d4 runtime.mstartm0() runtime/proc.go:1624 +0x70 fp=0x7fffed78 sp=0x7fffed70 pc=0x6321c runtime.mstart1() runtime/proc.go:1596 +0x94 fp=0x7fffed88 sp=0x7fffed78 pc=0x63114 runtime.mstart0() runtime/proc.go:1557 +0x7c fp=0x7fffed9c sp=0x7fffed88 pc=0x63060 runtime.mstart() runtime/MqXnKZWrxk.s:89 +0x14 fp=0x7fffeda0 sp=0x7fffed9c pc=0x9fe68 goroutine 1 [runnable]: runtime.main() runtime/proc.go:144 fp=0x10287ec sp=0x10287ec pc=0x5f194 runtime.goexit() runtime/MqXnKZWrxk.s:641 +0x4 fp=0x10287ec sp=0x10287ec pc=0xa229c

Process Tree

system is lnxubuntu20

zone.mipsle.elf (PID: 6204, Parent: 6121, MD5: 0d6f61f82cf2f781c6eb0661071d42d9) Arguments: /tmp/zone.mipsle.elf

cleanup

Yara Signatures

⊘No yara matches

Suricata Signatures

⊘No Suricata rule has matched

Joe Sandbox Signatures

Click to jump to signature section

Show All Signature Results

Source: global traffic	TCP traffic: 192.168.2.23:43928 -> 91.189.91.42:443
Source: global traffic	TCP traffic: 192.168.2.23:42836 -> 91.189.91.43:443
Source: global traffic	TCP traffic: 192.168.2.23:42516 -> 109.202.202.202:80

Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.42
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.43
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 109.202.202.202
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.42
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.43
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 109.202.202.202
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.42
Source: unknown	TCP traffic detected without corresponding DNS query: 91.189.91.43

Source: zone.mipsle.elf

String found in binary or memory: http://upx.sf.net

Source: unknown	Network traffic detected: HTTP traffic on port 43928 -> 443
Source: unknown	Network traffic detected: HTTP traffic on port 42836 -> 443

Source: LOAD without section mappings

Program segment: 0x10000

Source: classification engine

Classification label: sus22.evad.linELF@0/0@0/0

Data Obfuscation

Sample is packed with UPX

Source: initial sample	String containing UPX found: $Info: This file is packed with the UPX executable packer http://upx.sf.net $
Source: initial sample	String containing UPX found: $Info: This file is packed with the UPX executable packer http://upx.sf.net $
Source: initial sample	String containing UPX found: $Id: UPX 4.24 Copyright (C) 1996-2024 the UPX Team. All Rights Reserved. $

Source: zone.mipsle.elf	Submission file: segment LOAD with 7.8811 entropy (max. 8.0)
Source: zone.mipsle.elf	Submission file: segment LOAD with 7.9999 entropy (max. 8.0)

Source: /tmp/zone.mipsle.elf (PID: 6204)

Queries kernel information via 'uname':

Jump to behavior

Source: zone.mipsle.elf, 6204.1.0000561f6e0c3000.0000561f6e3c8000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: /etc/qemu-binfmt/mipsel
Source: zone.mipsle.elf, 6204.1.0000561f6e0c3000.0000561f6e3c8000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: V!/etc/qemu-binfmt/mipsel
Source: zone.mipsle.elf, 6204.1.00007ffee472a000.00007ffee474b000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: TJx86_64/usr/bin/qemu-mipsel/tmp/zone.mipsle.elfSUDO_USER=saturninoPATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/snap/binDISPLAY=:1.0XAUTHORITY=/run/user/1000/gdm/XauthoritySUDO_UID=1000TERM=xterm-256colorCOLORTERM=truecolorLOGNAME=rootUSER=rootLANG=en_US.UTF-8SUDO_COMMAND=/bin/bashHOME=/rootMAIL=/var/mail/rootSUDO_GID=1000SHELL=/bin/bash/tmp/zone.mipsle.elf
Source: zone.mipsle.elf, 6204.1.00007ffee472a000.00007ffee474b000.rw-.sdmp	Binary or memory string: /usr/bin/qemu-mipsel

Mitre Att&ck Matrix

Reconnaissance	Resource Development	Initial Access	Execution	Persistence	Privilege Escalation	Defense Evasion	Credential Access	Discovery	Lateral Movement	Collection	Command and Control	Exfiltration	Impact
Gather Victim Identity Information	Acquire Infrastructure	Valid Accounts	Windows Management Instrumentation	Path Interception	Path Interception	11 Obfuscated Files or Information	OS Credential Dumping	11 Security Software Discovery	Remote Services	Data from Local System	1 Encrypted Channel	Exfiltration Over Other Network Medium	Abuse Accessibility Features
Credentials	Domains	Default Accounts	Scheduled Task/Job	Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts	Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts	Rootkit	LSASS Memory	Application Window Discovery	Remote Desktop Protocol	Data from Removable Media	1 Application Layer Protocol	Exfiltration Over Bluetooth	Network Denial of Service

Malware Configuration

⊘No configs have been found

Behavior Graph

Hide Legend

Legend:

Process
Signature
Created File
DNS/IP Info
Is Dropped
Number of created Files
Is malicious
Internet

Antivirus, Machine Learning and Genetic Malware Detection

Initial Sample

Source	Detection	Scanner	Label	Link
zone.mipsle.elf	3%	ReversingLabs

Dropped Files

⊘No Antivirus matches

Domains

⊘No Antivirus matches

URLs

Source	Detection	Scanner	Label	Link
http://upx.sf.net	0%	URL Reputation	safe

Domains and IPs

Contacted Domains

⊘No contacted domains info

URLs from Memory and Binaries

Name	Source	Malicious	Antivirus Detection	Reputation
http://upx.sf.net	zone.mipsle.elf	true	URL Reputation: safe	unknown

World Map of Contacted IPs

No. of IPs < 25%
25% < No. of IPs < 50%
50% < No. of IPs < 75%
75% < No. of IPs

Public IPs

IP	Domain	Country	ASN	ASN Name	Malicious
109.202.202.202	unknown	Switzerland	13030	INIT7CH	false
91.189.91.43	unknown	United Kingdom	41231	CANONICAL-ASGB	false
91.189.91.42	unknown	United Kingdom	41231	CANONICAL-ASGB	false

Joe Sandbox View / Context

IPs

Match	Associated Sample Name / URL	SHA 256	Detection	Threat Name	Link	Context
109.202.202.202	kpLwzBouH4.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	ch.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/f/firefox/firefox_92.0%2bbuild3-0ubuntu0.20.04.1_amd64.deb
91.189.91.43	.i.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	harm4.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	shngijernbh.mips.elf	Get hash	malicious	Gafgyt, Mirai	Browse
	shngijernbh.ppc.elf	Get hash	malicious	Gafgyt, Mirai	Browse
	linux_mips.elf	Get hash	malicious	Chaos	Browse
	linux_ppc64.elf	Get hash	malicious	Chaos	Browse
	linux_mipsel_softfloat.elf	Get hash	malicious	Chaos	Browse
	linux_mipsel.elf	Get hash	malicious	Chaos	Browse
	linux_mips64el_softfloat.elf	Get hash	malicious	Chaos	Browse
	linux_amd64.elf	Get hash	malicious	Chaos	Browse
91.189.91.42	.i.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	harm4.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse
	shngijernbh.mips.elf	Get hash	malicious	Gafgyt, Mirai	Browse
	shngijernbh.ppc.elf	Get hash	malicious	Gafgyt, Mirai	Browse
	linux_mips.elf	Get hash	malicious	Chaos	Browse
	linux_ppc64.elf	Get hash	malicious	Chaos	Browse
	linux_mipsel_softfloat.elf	Get hash	malicious	Chaos	Browse
	linux_mipsel.elf	Get hash	malicious	Chaos	Browse
	linux_mips64el_softfloat.elf	Get hash	malicious	Chaos	Browse
	linux_amd64.elf	Get hash	malicious	Chaos	Browse

Domains

⊘No context

ASNs

Match	Associated Sample Name / URL	SHA 256	Detection	Threat Name	Link	Context
CANONICAL-ASGB	.i.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	harm4.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	shngijernbh.mips.elf	Get hash	malicious	Gafgyt, Mirai	Browse	91.189.91.42
	shngijernbh.arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Gafgyt, Mirai	Browse	185.125.190.26
	shngijernbh.ppc.elf	Get hash	malicious	Gafgyt, Mirai	Browse	91.189.91.42
	linux_mips.elf	Get hash	malicious	Chaos	Browse	91.189.91.42
	linux_ppc64.elf	Get hash	malicious	Chaos	Browse	91.189.91.42
	linux_mipsel_softfloat.elf	Get hash	malicious	Chaos	Browse	91.189.91.42
	linux_mipsel.elf	Get hash	malicious	Chaos	Browse	91.189.91.42
	linux_mips64el_softfloat.elf	Get hash	malicious	Chaos	Browse	91.189.91.42
CANONICAL-ASGB	.i.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	harm4.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	91.189.91.42
	shngijernbh.mips.elf	Get hash	malicious	Gafgyt, Mirai	Browse	91.189.91.42
	shngijernbh.arm6.elf	Get hash	malicious	Gafgyt, Mirai	Browse	185.125.190.26
	shngijernbh.ppc.elf	Get hash	malicious	Gafgyt, Mirai	Browse	91.189.91.42
	linux_mips.elf	Get hash	malicious	Chaos	Browse	91.189.91.42
	linux_ppc64.elf	Get hash	malicious	Chaos	Browse	91.189.91.42
	linux_mipsel_softfloat.elf	Get hash	malicious	Chaos	Browse	91.189.91.42
	linux_mipsel.elf	Get hash	malicious	Chaos	Browse	91.189.91.42
	linux_mips64el_softfloat.elf	Get hash	malicious	Chaos	Browse	91.189.91.42
INIT7CH	.i.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202
	harm4.elf	Get hash	malicious	Unknown	Browse	109.202.202.202
	shngijernbh.mips.elf	Get hash	malicious	Gafgyt, Mirai	Browse	109.202.202.202
	shngijernbh.ppc.elf	Get hash	malicious	Gafgyt, Mirai	Browse	109.202.202.202
	linux_mips.elf	Get hash	malicious	Chaos	Browse	109.202.202.202
	linux_ppc64.elf	Get hash	malicious	Chaos	Browse	109.202.202.202
	linux_mipsel_softfloat.elf	Get hash	malicious	Chaos	Browse	109.202.202.202
	linux_mipsel.elf	Get hash	malicious	Chaos	Browse	109.202.202.202
	linux_mips64el_softfloat.elf	Get hash	malicious	Chaos	Browse	109.202.202.202
	linux_amd64.elf	Get hash	malicious	Chaos	Browse	109.202.202.202

JA3 Fingerprints

⊘No context

Dropped Files

⊘No context

Created / dropped Files

⊘No created / dropped files found

Static File Info

General

File type:	ELF 32-bit LSB executable, MIPS, MIPS32 version 1 (SYSV), statically linked, no section header
Entropy (8bit):	7.999904361906426
TrID:	ELF Executable and Linkable format (generic) (4004/1) 100.00%
File name:	zone.mipsle.elf
File size:	2'928'176 bytes
MD5:	30306bfdae62fe894424db8341e4e6de
SHA1:	8def8238fc887b3ae76a2c328a3acdc27fe074ff
SHA256:	4a1eabbc6b2f0b5e7de440e2e0fb25f6c54f48e97302e8660736dd09d119a4a7
SHA512:	e91f117545ed33a874786d06036443a6ee6956268e2c2baf6b3b25c01e02d8ba8c22fa0b93e40d8447021760408c1d8386b9407483a370998e62a2ea9adfecc0
SSDEEP:	49152:lkfgC2/k3wx05306zXvP8bfXKnY0n14yOe5QlA5knqTkbcsrqF:c2/qxnYXiCpe9SnqTorU
TLSH:	43D533058E9FA67DDE8FC8A548D5C9B28064D2BAF1584AC58BC761F06FC936C39780B1
File Content Preview:	.ELF......................&.4..........P4. ...........................................................,...,.........Q.td.............................%..UPX!T.............U.....u..........?.E.h;....#......r.q.?c.......u?..^6.F..,....Y..v.h.P..}.-C.Y...@.'m

Static ELF Info

ELF header
Class:	ELF32
Data:	2's complement, little endian
Version:	1 (current)
Machine:	MIPS R3000
Version Number:	0x1
Type:	EXEC (Executable file)
OS/ABI:	UNIX - System V
ABI Version:	0
Entry Point Address:	0x12698c8
Flags:	0x50001004
ELF Header Size:	52
Program Header Offset:	52
Program Header Size:	32
Number of Program Headers:	3
Section Header Offset:	0
Section Header Size:	0
Number of Section Headers:	0
Header String Table Index:	0

Program Segments

Type	Offset	Virtual Address	Physical Address	File Size	Memory Size	Entropy	Flags	Flags Description	Align
LOAD	0x0	0x10000	0x10000	0x1000	0xf81ca0	7.8811	0x6	RW	0x10000
LOAD	0x0	0xfa0000	0xfa0000	0x2cad12	0x2cad12	7.9999	0x5	R E	0x10000
GNU_STACK	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0	0x0	0.0000	0x6	RW	0x4

Network Behavior

Network Port Distribution

TCP Packets

Timestamp	Source Port	Dest Port	Source IP	Dest IP
Nov 1, 2024 04:47:47.909259081 CET	43928	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.42
Nov 1, 2024 04:47:53.284638882 CET	42836	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.43
Nov 1, 2024 04:47:54.564543962 CET	42516	80	192.168.2.23	109.202.202.202
Nov 1, 2024 04:48:08.898380995 CET	43928	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.42
Nov 1, 2024 04:48:19.137121916 CET	42836	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.43
Nov 1, 2024 04:48:25.280141115 CET	42516	80	192.168.2.23	109.202.202.202
Nov 1, 2024 04:48:49.852699995 CET	43928	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.42
Nov 1, 2024 04:49:10.329891920 CET	42836	443	192.168.2.23	91.189.91.43

System Behavior

Analysis Process: zone.mipsle.elf PID: 6204, Parent PID: 6121

General

Start time (UTC):	03:47:44
Start date (UTC):	01/11/2024
Path:	/tmp/zone.mipsle.elf
Arguments:	/tmp/zone.mipsle.elf
File size:	5773336 bytes
MD5 hash:	0d6f61f82cf2f781c6eb0661071d42d9

Description:	Adversaries may attempt to make an executable or file difficult to discover or analyze by encrypting, encoding, or otherwise obfuscating its contents on the system or in transit. This is common behavior that can be used across different platforms and the network to evade defenses.
Tactics:	Defense Evasion
Data Sources:	Command: Command Execution, File: File Creation, File: File Metadata, Module: Module Load, Process: OS API Execution, Process: Process Creation, Script: Script Execution, WMI: WMI Creation, Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Creation
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of security software, configurations, defensive tools, and sensors that are installed on a system or in a cloud environment. This may include things such as firewall rules and anti-virus. Adversaries may use the information from Security Software Discovery during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether or not the adversary fully infects the target and/or attempts specific actions.
Tactics:	Discovery
Data Sources:	Command: Command Execution, Firewall: Firewall Enumeration, Firewall: Firewall Metadata, Process: OS API Execution, Process: Process Creation
Platforms:	Azure AD, Google Workspace, IaaS, Linux, macOS, Office 365, SaaS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may employ a known encryption algorithm to conceal command and control traffic rather than relying on any inherent protections provided by a communication protocol. Despite the use of a secure algorithm, these implementations may be vulnerable to reverse engineering if secret keys are encoded and/or generated within malware samples/configuration files.
Tactics:	Command and Control
Data Sources:	Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Description:	Adversaries may communicate using OSI application layer protocols to avoid detection/network filtering by blending in with existing traffic. Commands to the remote system, and often the results of those commands, will be embedded within the protocol traffic between the client and server.
Tactics:	Command and Control
Data Sources:	Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content, Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow
Platforms:	Linux, macOS, Windows
Url:	Open detailed description by Mitre

Behavior Section

Behavior Chronological

Disassembly

Uncategorized

Graph

Loading Joe Sandbox Report ...

Warning!

Linux Analysis Report zone.mipsle.elf

Overview

General Information

Detection

Signatures

Classification

General Information

Runtime Messages

Process Tree

Yara Signatures

Suricata Signatures

Joe Sandbox Signatures

Networking

System Summary

Data Obfuscation

Hooking and other Techniques for Hiding and Protection

Malware Analysis System Evasion

Mitre Att&ck Matrix

Malware Configuration

Behavior Graph

Antivirus, Machine Learning and Genetic Malware Detection

Initial Sample

Dropped Files

Domains

URLs

Domains and IPs

Contacted Domains

URLs from Memory and Binaries

World Map of Contacted IPs

Public IPs

Joe Sandbox View / Context

IPs

Domains

ASNs

JA3 Fingerprints

Dropped Files

Created / dropped Files

Static File Info

General

Static ELF Info

ELF header

Program Segments

Network Behavior

Network Port Distribution

TCP Packets

System Behavior

Analysis Process: zone.mipsle.elf PID: 6204, Parent PID: 6121

General

Chronological Activities

Linux Analysis Report
zone.mipsle.elf